Download or read book The Effects of Variety on the Fruit and Vegetable Intake of Pre school Aged Children at Snack Time written by Erin E. Sullivan and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Dietary Variety and Course Sequence on Fruit Intake in Preschool aged Children written by Chelsi Cecelia Cardoso and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake in preschool-aged children remains below recommendations. As the environment can affect food consumption, this study tested the effects of two environmental factors, dietary variety and course sequence, on fruit and overall intake of a snack in preschool-aged children. Methods: Using a 2 x 2 x 2 design (between-subjects factor of order and the within-subjects factors of dietary variety and courses), 16 children (4.1 ± 0.7 years of age, 56.3% female, 75.0% White, 93.8% non-Hispanic or Latino, and 0.5 ± 1.3 BMI z-score) from 2 preschool classrooms (classroom 1 [n = 7] and classroom 2 [n = 9]) completed 20 minute snack sessions on Wednesday afternoons over four occasions. All snacks were 200g and included 50g of applesauce, 50g of peaches, and 100g of cheese (variety) or 100g of applesauce, and 100g of cheese (no-variety), served over one 20-minute course (one-course) or one, 10-minute fruit course and one 10-minute cheese course (two-course). Results: Repeated measures analyses of covariance found no significant main effects or interactions of fruit or overall snack intake. Conclusion: Variety and course sequence may not be an effective strategy to increase low-energy dense foods, like F&Vs, during snacks in preschool-aged children.
Download or read book The Effects of a Visually Appealing and Interactive Snack Activity on Fruit and Vegetable Intake of Preschool aged Children written by Kristen Leigh Clay and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Previous research has shown the potential of increasing vegetable intake by incorporating the senses into interventions. However, little to no research has specifically looked at the impact that the use of the senses can have on intake of vegetables among preschool-aged children. Purpose: The aims of this study were to examine if mean intake of vegetable snacks and/or willingness to try the vegetable snacks would be significantly higher among preschool-age children who participated in a visually appealing and interactive snack activity compared to children who received control vegetable snacks. Methods: Two preschools were selected to participate in the study. Prior to the start of the study, participants colored placemats that contained heart-, star-, and flower-shapes. Parents were surveyed to establish the target vegetable, which was determined to be green pepper. The vegetable was served three times. The control group received the vegetable cut into strips served on white paper plates. The experimental group received the vegetable cut into hearts, stars, and flowers and served on the placemats that children colored at the beginning of the study. The vegetable was weighed before and after each snack time. Results: There were no significant differences found in intake of the vegetable snack between the control and the intervention group. However there were significant differences in willingness to try and between the genders. Conclusion: Although there were no significant differences in consumption between the groups, the significant findings between the boys and girls highlights a potential area that needs further investigating.
Download or read book An Open Book What and How Young Children Learn From Picture and Story Books written by Jessica S. Horst and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-01-21 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looking at and listening to picture and story books is a ubiquitous activity, frequently enjoyed by many young children and their parents. Well before children can read for themselves they are able to learn from books. Looking at and listening to books increases children’s general knowledge, understanding about the world and promotes language acquisition. This collection of papers demonstrates the breadth of information pre-reading children learn from books and increases our understanding of the social and cognitive mechanisms that support this learning. Our hope is that this Research Topic/eBook will be useful for researchers as well as educational practitioners and parents who are interested in optimizing children’s learning.
Download or read book The Effects of Offering a Variety of Fruits and Vegetables on Children s Food Consumption During Snack Time written by Erin M. Iiams and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 5 a Day for Better Health Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Marketing Casebook written by Jeff French and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2011-10-03 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Marketing Casebook brings together for the first time a dedicated collection of social marketing case studies and vignettes from around the world. Each case study is explored from the scoping and research stage right through to evaluation, providing the reader with a complete overview of the most important building blocks in social marketing and how these can be applied to the real world, including: - Insights from the key people involved in social marketing and the identification of the common themes associated with successful social marketing strategies. - An international range of cases from the health, environmental and civic sectors, from national and governmental programmes to local, small-budget interventions; - Comprehensive coverage of the whole process, from strategy, and implementation, through to the challenges and lessons learned; and - Academic exercises, discussion questions and references to reinforce student learning. This book demystifies social marketing for undergraduate and postgraduate marketing and health studies students, as well as practitioners in government, public institutions, NGOs and private organisations looking to develop more effective social change programmes.
Download or read book Technological Interventions in the Processing of Fruits and Vegetables written by Rachna Sehrawat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technological Interventions in Processing of Fruits and Vegetables presents a wide selection of the latest concepts in the fast-changing field of processing of fruits and vegetables (FAV). It provides key information on many new and different techniques used for processing of fruits and vegetables while also exploring the pros and cons of the various methods. There is an urgent need to explore and investigate waste in the processing of fruits and vegetables and how different processing technologies can be used most effectively. This volume, in short, conveys the key concepts and role of different technology in processing of fruits and vegetables, keeping mind the special processing requirements of fruits and vegetables, waste issues, nutritional value, and consumer concerns. This volume offers a wealth of information on today’s technology for fruit and vegetable processing and will be a valuable resource for industry professionals, agricultural/food processing researchers, faculty and upper-level students, and others.
Download or read book Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-10-31 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood obesity is a serious health problem that has adverse and long-lasting consequences for individuals, families, and communities. The magnitude of the problem has increased dramatically during the last three decades and, despite some indications of a plateau in this growth, the numbers remain stubbornly high. Efforts to prevent childhood obesity to date have focused largely on school-aged children, with relatively little attention to children under age 5. However, there is a growing awareness that efforts to prevent childhood obesity must begin before children ever enter the school system. Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies reviews factors related to overweight and obese children from birth to age 5, with a focus on nutrition, physical activity, and sedentary behavior, and recommends policies that can alter children's environments to promote the maintenance of healthy weight. Because the first years of life are important to health and well-being throughout the life span, preventing obesity in infants and young children can contribute to reversing the epidemic of obesity in children and adults. The book recommends that health care providers make parents aware of their child's excess weight early. It also suggests that parents and child care providers keep children active throughout the day, provide them with healthy diets, limit screen time, and ensure children get adequate sleep. In addition to providing comprehensive solutions to tackle the problem of obesity in infants and young children, Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies identifies potential actions that could be taken to implement those recommendations. The recommendations can inform the decisions of state and local child care regulators, child care providers, health care providers, directors of federal and local child care and nutrition programs, and government officials at all levels.
Download or read book Milk Bioactive Components and Role in Human Nutrition written by Alessandra Durazzo and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Milk: Bioactive Components and Role in Human Nutrition" that was published in Beverages
Download or read book Starting Strong 2017 written by Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and published by Organization for Economic Co-Operation & Development. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over 15 years, the OECD has been conducting policy analysis and gathering new data on ECEC. For the first time, this report brings together all the key ECEC indicators in one volume.
Download or read book Vegetable Intake and Eating in the Absence of Hunger in Babies and Toddlers written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevalence of overweight and related health problems is increasing globally. Low vegetable intake and failing to self-regulate energy intake (i.e., eat in the absence of hunger) increase the risk of developing overweight. Interventions promoting healthy eating behaviors from an early age are needed as food preferences and related dietary habits are shaped in the first two years of life, and track into adulthood. The aim of this thesis was to investigate whether vegetable intake and liking of babies and toddlers can be improved, and whether self-regulation of energy intake is present. To this end, the effect of repeated exposure to vegetables on children’s vegetable intake and liking from the first bites of solid food (age 4-6 months), until the age of 24 months was investigated. Eating in the absence of hunger was studied in the same children at the age of 18- and 24 months. The components studied in this thesis were part of an overarching randomized controlled trial, Baby’s First Bites, which tested interventions on the what and how in complementary feeding. Chapter 2 described in detail the rationale and the design of this trial including a repeated vegetable-exposure (what) and sensitive-feeding (how) intervention. In Chapter 3 we evaluated the effects of the vegetable-exposure and sensitive-feeding intervention in terms of child health outcomes and maternal feeding behavior (outside of the scope of this thesis) at child ages 18 and 24 months. Chapter 4 described the intervention in more detail and evaluated the effects of the intervention on infant’s vegetable intake, liking and variety of vegetables consumed during the first weeks of complementary feeding and at the age of 12 months. We found no added effects of repeated exposure to vegetables (combined with consultation sessions to promote repeated exposure until the age of 16 months), as compared to exposure to fruits and a sweet vegetable (carrot) (combined with the sensitive feeding intervention or general contact in the control condition) on infants vegetable intake. This was neither the case directly after the feeding schedule, nor at the ages of 12, 18 and 24 months. It is noteworthy, however, that vegetable intake was on average high at these ages in the full sample: approx. 86 grams, 87 grams and 77 grams respectively. At the age of 12 months a higher variety in vegetable intake was associated with higher absolute vegetable intake (chapter 4), suggesting that consuming a higher variety of different types of vegetables contribute to increasing absolute vegetable intake. In addition, children who ate a higher variety of vegetables also had parents (or at least mothers) eating a larger variety of vegetables (chapter 4). This suggests an effect of parent modelling which has been proven to be an effective method to increase vegetable intake in children. Of the other modifying factors we assessed, only food neophobia was associated with absolute vegetable intake. Food neophobic children ate less vegetables (chapter 4). We did not find differences in child self-regulation of energy intake and BMI-z between conditions (chapter 3). Chapter 5 described an eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) experiment that was designed and conducted within the BFB RCT. We found that children as young as 18 months displayed this behavior. The majority (90%) of children consumed palatable finger foods despite just having eaten a meal. Secondly, we found that EAH at 18 months predicted EAH at 24 months. Furthermore, unexpectedly, a positive association was found between satiety of the child (as estimated by the mother) and the energy intake of finger foods (i.e. higher satiety scores were associated with increased intake of finger foods). Finally, a child’s enjoyment of food was positively associated with the intake of finger foods. This thesis demonstrates that repeated exposure does have an added benefit in infants and toddlers who already have sufficient vegetable intake, as intake was relatively high in the full sample. The control condition in the trial may have been a positive control as no guidelines or restrictions were given on vegetable exposure after the feeding schedule, which could have led to (a high) vegetable exposure in the period thereafter. We did demonstrate that repeated exposure is effective in increasing liking of vegetables. If increased vegetable liking persists over time, perhaps this will also translate to increased intake in the long run. Moreover, we found that food neophobia and variety in vegetable intake play a role in determining vegetable intake. These factors may be taken into account in future studies by targeting groups who may still benefit from early repeated exposure to vegetables (e.g., children with a one-sided diet or food neophobia). Moreover, we showed that eating in the absence of hunger occurs within the first two years of life. Our findings suggest the importance of the eating environment in which parents and caregivers can play an important part in the prevention of overeating. The contemporary living environment seems to revolve around easy access and convenient foods, it is therefore important to create awareness that toddlers are sensitive to the eating environment and to stimulate healthy eating behavior at a young age. Factors that play a key role in this are 1) targeting vegetable intake, 2) self-regulation of energy intake, 3) the context in which food is offered and 4) the type of food that is offered. To further enhance diet quality and consequently health of toddlers it is important to stimulate a multidisciplinary approach in which researchers, parents and caregivers, daycare centers, community and the government collaborate in finding ways to enhance healthy eating behavior of young children to prevent overweight and obesity and to promote health.
Download or read book Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Preschool aged Low income Mexican American Children written by Isabel Ramos and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood obesity is an emerging epidemic. According to data found in the Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System, over 12.5 million children are overweight or obese in the United States. The prevalence of obesity is higher in Mexican-American children than other ethnic groups in the US. Current research has found that higher intakes of fruits and vegetables have been shown to help prevent and reduce chronic diseases like obesity. Low fruit and vegetable consumption may also be a contributing factor to unhealthy weight gain in children. Moreover, low consumption of fruits and vegetables may reinforce the preference for other unhealthful foods like sugar-sweetened beverages and refined carbohydrates. The objective of this study was to look at fruit and vegetable consumption in Mexican-American children at ages 2 and 4, and to examine its association with their weight status. At both time points, fruits and vegetables were estimated in cups and the nutrient intake was analyzed. It was found that fruit intake met the 2010 USDA food guidelines set for these ages, but significantly lower consumption of vegetables was observed at both ages. Micronutrients found in fruits and vegetables showed that vitamin A, C, and folate met the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) set for 2- and 4- year old children. However, significantly low intakes in vitamin E and potassium were observed. Furthermore, dietary fiber was significantly below the DRI at both time points. A significant 12% increase in the BMI-for-age percentile from children at 2 years of age to 4 years of age was found. However, no relationship was found between fruit and vegetable consumption with BMI-for-age percentile. Nevertheless, fruit and vegetable consumption remains important because of the vital role it plays in preventing and reducing chronic diseases in the Mexican-American population.
Download or read book The Effects of Access and Education on Preschool Children s Fruit and Vegetable Intake written by Elizabeth Smith and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using novel intervention and assessment techniques, fruit and vegetable access plus nutrition education significantly improved carotenoid levels among children compared to those who received access only or neither access or education. This study demonstrated a relationship between self-reported fruit and vegetable intake and quantitative BioPhotonicTM Scanner scores. Scanner scores were increased in both the access and the access with education clusters. Additionally, the self-reported intakes of fruits and vegetables were reported to have increased in both the children as well as their parents. This intake increase was most notable between the access with education cluster versus the control cluster, although significance was also noted between the access cluster and the control cluster as shown in ANOVA testing. This approach of providing fruits and vegetables to low resourced families helps to demonstrate the importance of education supplementing the provisions of fruits and vegetables. Subjects who were provided with information on how to prepare and use such provisions appeared more inclined to utilize the items, resulting in an increased carotenoid level as evidenced by said scan score results. Results of this study will be useful to demonstrate the importance of education along with produce provisions for those in need. Taste testing, hands-on experiential learning, recipe and newsletter type educational information was shown to change the behavior and consumption in this group of Head Start families receiving such interventions.
Download or read book Children s Response to Flavor Variety In Herb and Spice Seasoned Vegetables Served Within a Meal written by ELIZABETH Carney and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consumption of vegetables in preschool aged children is significantly lower than nutritional recommendations. Vegetables are an important source of vitamins and minerals, but they also may be able to combat the onset of obesity by displacing more energy dense foods in the diet. This intervention aimed to increase vegetable intake by creating flavor variety in vegetables served within a meal. Variety has previously been shown to delay sensory specific satiety and to increase food intake. Preschool aged (3-5 years-old) children attended two separate laboratories visit and were given a test-meal of common foods: pasta, applesauce, milk, water, and three servings of carrots. For the No Variety condition, all three servings of carrots were seasoned with the same herb and spice blend. For the Variety condition, the three servings of carrots were all seasoned with a different herb and spice blend. Childrens liking of the seasoned carrots was assessed on a hedonic scale, along with a salted control carrot. No differences were found in childrens individual acceptance ratings of the three types of seasoned carrots, or between the seasoned carrots and the salted carrot, but 41% of children selected the salted carrot as their favorite in a rank-order task. Childrens bitter sensitivity was assessed using a suprathreshold solution of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP). Children did not consume significantly more carrots in either the Variety or the No Variety condition (36.5 40.5 g and 35.9 43.7 g, respectively; T = 0.15, P = 0.88) when directly comparing differences in grams. Carrot intake at the two conditions was also adjusted into a proportion of total carrots consumed at both meals, in order scale significant differences relative to childrens individual intakes rather than the total weight of carrots served. The proportion of carrots consumed at each meal were not statistically different (P = 0.58), but there was a significant interaction between meal condition and PROP status (F1,40 = 5.16, P = 0.03). PROP tasters consumed relatively more carrots in the Variety condition, while PROP nontasters had the opposite response. It is possible that PROP tasters were better able to discriminate the differences between the seasoned carrots in the Variety condition. These findings suggest that seasoning vegetables with a variety of herbs and spices may be an effective strategy to increase vegetable intake in PROP tasters. Once replicated, this form of targeted intervention could be particularly helpful because PROP tasters tend to consume fewer vegetables than nontasters. These results also suggest that PROP status may influence sensory specific satiety and affect an individuals response to flavor variety. More work is needed to clarify the role of individual herbs and spices on flavor perception and to determine what levels of spice can be used to optimize acceptance.
Download or read book Social Influences on Eating written by C. Peter Herman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the social environment affects food choices and intake, and documents the extent to which people are unaware of the significant impact of social factors on their eating. The authors take a unique approach to studying eating behaviors in ordinary circumstances, presenting a theory of normal eating that highlights social influences independent of physiological and taste factors. Among the topics discussed: Modeling of food intake and food choice Consumption stereotypes and impression management Research design, methodology, and ethics of studying eating behaviors What happens when we overeat? Effects of social eating Social Influences on Eating is a useful reference for psychologists and researchers studying food and nutritional psychology, challenging commonly held assumptions about the dynamics of food choice and intake in order to promote a better understanding of the power of social influence on all forms of behavior.
Download or read book Interventions to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Among Preschool aged Children written by Memorie Nichols and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problem: Obesity among preschool-aged children is a major public health concern as obese children are more likely to be obese as adults, and obesity is a risk factor for many chronic diseases. Diets high in fruits and vegetables (FV) may decrease the risk of many chronic diseases as well as contribute to obesity prevention. However, many preschool-aged children in the US are not meeting recommended intakes of FV. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine previous interventions conducted to increase FV consumption among preschool-aged children. Methods: The search for published articles was conducted using PubMed through the Weill Cornell Medical College library. The search terms "fruit AND vegetable AND consumption AND intervention" with specific filters were used to find studies that had been conducted on preschool-aged children, had full-text versions available online, were published in English, and were of rigorous design. Results: Thirty-four articles resulted, but only 12 were eligible to be included and further examined in this paper. Conclusions: The studies showed promising results for interventions conducted among preschool-aged children to increase the consumption of FV at least in the short-term. One common theme of many of the interventions was repeated exposure to and tastes of FV. Increased fruit consumption was typically achieved through less rigorous strategies, which may be due to children's natural taste preference for sweet food items. Further, many of the interventions involved multiple components.
