Download or read book The Effects of Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 on Electric Utilities written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects Of Title IV Of The Clean Air Act Amendments Of 1990 On Electric Utilities An Update U S Department Of Energy March 1997 written by United States. Energy Information Administration and published by . This book was released on 1998* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 on Electric Utilities written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of the 1990 on Electric Utilities written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Title 4 of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 on Electric Utilities written by United States Government Printing Office and published by . This book was released on 1997-03-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 incorporate, for the first time, provisions aimed specifically at the control of acid rain. These provisions restrict emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NO(subscript x)) from electric power generating stations. The restrictions on SO2 take the form of an overall cap on the aggregate emissions from major generating plants, allowing substantial flexibility in the industry's response to those restrictions. This report discusses one response scenario through the year 2030 that was examined through a simulation of the utility industry based on assumptions consistent with characterizations used in the National Energy Strategy reference case. It also makes projections of emissions that would result from the use of existing and new capacity and of the associated additional costs of meeting demand subject to the emission limitations imposed by the Clean Air Act. Fuel-use effects, including coal-market shifts, consistent with the response scenario are also described. These results, while dependent on specific assumptions for this scenario, provide insight into the general character of the likely utility industry response to Title IV.
Download or read book Monthly Energy Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual Report to Congress 1997 of the Energy Information Administration U S Department of Energy written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interactions Between Energy Efficiency and Emission Trading Under the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (P.L. 101-549) requires electric utilities to reduce emissions of precursors of acid precipitation, specifically sulfur dioxide (SO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NO(subscript x)), starting at 261 generating units in 1995 and covering most fossil-fired units in 2000. The Amendments take a conventional command-and-control approach to reducing NO(subscript x), but they established a market-based regulatory system to reduce SO2. Under this system, utilities that own fossil-fired power plants in the conterminous 48 states and the District of Columbia are granted the right, in the form of allowances, to emit a specified number of tons of SO2. A utility that wants to do so may reduce emissions more than required by the number of allowances it receives and then either sell its excess allowances to other utilities or bank them for future use. Alternatively, it can buy additional allowances from other utilities who may wish to sell, and emit more than its original allocation would have permitted, provided that it holds enough allowances from some source to cover emissions. The research described here attempts to estimate how large these interacting effects might be and how they might affect the choices that utilities make when complying with Title IV of the Amendments. They do so using a model that was designed to estimate what options electric utilities might choose in complying with Title IV, and what effects compliance would have on electricity costs. The model assumes that the allowance trading system would work as smoothly as the economic theory on which the system is based. Actual compliance decisions announced to date have been somewhat different from what theory and the model project. They discuss some of the reasons for these differences and the likely effects these differences may have on the interaction between allowance trading and energy efficiency.
Download or read book No Way Back written by Joel Schwartz and published by American Enterprise Institute. This book was released on 2003 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Claims that air pollution will increase are not only false, but the exact opposite of what will actually happen.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Examination of utility phase 1 compliance choices and state reactions to title IV of the Clean Air Act amendments of 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Title IV (acid rain) of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 is imposing new limitations on the emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (N(subscript x)) from electric power plants. The act requires utilities to develop compliance plans to reduce these emissions, and indications are that these plans will dramatically alter traditional operating procedures. A key provision of the SO2 control program deaned in Title IV is the creation of a system of emission allowances, with utilities having the option of complying by adjusting system emissions and allowance holdings. A compilation of SO2 compliance activities by the 110 utility plants affected by Phase I is summarized in this report. These compliance plans are presented in a tabular form, correlated with age, capacity, and power pool data. A large number of the Phase I units (46%) have chosen to blend or switch to lower sulfur coals. This choice primarily is in response to (1) prices of low-sulfur coal and (2) the need to maintain SO2 control flexibility because of uncertain future environmental regulations (e.g., air toxics, carbon dioxide) and compliance prices. The report also discusses the responses of state legislatures and public utility commissions to the compliance requirements in Title IV. Most states have taken negligible action regarding the regulatory treatment of allowances and compliance activities. To protect mine employment, states producing high-sulfur coal have enacted regulations encouraging continued use of that coal, but for the most part, this response has had little effect on utility compliance choices.
Download or read book Short term Energy Outlook written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of the Clean Air Act Amendment on New Energy Technologies and Resources written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Fossil and Nuclear Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acid Precipitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 1991-12-13 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Air Quality and Emissions Trends Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
