Download or read book The Effects of Temperature on the Dynamics of Nitrification in the Activated Sludge Process written by Keith Edward Israel and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Temperature Hydrazine and Nickel Upon Nitrification in the Activated Sludge Process written by David Buth and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aerobic Granular Sludge written by S. Bathe and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2005-03-31 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerobic Granular Sludge has recently received growing attention by researchers and technology developers, worldwide. Laboratory studies and preliminary field tests led to the conclusion that granular activated sludge can be readily established and profitably used in activated sludge plants, provided 'correct' process conditions are chosen. But what makes process conditions 'correct'? And what makes granules different from activated sludge flocs? Answers to these question are offered in Aerobic Granular Sludge. Major topics covered in this book include: Reasons and mechanism of aerobic granule formation Structure of the microbial population of aerobic granules Role, composition and physical properties of EPS Diffuse limitation and microbial activity within granules Physio-chemical characteristics Operation and application of granule reactors Scale-up aspects of granular sludge reactors, and case studies Aerobic Granular Sludge provides up-to-date information about a rapidly emerging new technology of biological treatment.
Download or read book Effect of Temperature on the Rate of Nitrification in Activated Sludge written by Ravi Subramanian and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrification and Denitrification in the Activated Sludge Process written by Michael H. Gerardi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-03-19 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrification and Denitrification in the Activated Sludge Process, the first in a series on the microbiology of wastewater treatment, comprises the critical topics of cost-effective operation, permit compliance, process control, and troubleshooting in wastewater treatment plants. Avoiding the technical jargon, chemical equations, and kinetics that typically accompany such texts, Nitrification and Denitrification in the Activated Sludge Process directly addresses plant operators and technicians, providing necessary information for understanding the microbiology and biological conditions that occur in the treatment process. Of special interest to wastewater treatment plant operators are the bacteria that degrade nitrogenous wastes–the nitrifying bacteria–and the bacteria that degrade carbonaceous wastes–the cBOD-removing bacteria. Both groups of bacteria need to be routinely monitored and operational conditions favorably adjusted to ensure desired nitrification. Each chapter in this groundbreaking study offers a better understanding of the importance of nitrification and denitrification and the bacteria involved in these crucial processes. Chapters include: Organotrophs The Wastewater Nitrogen Cycle Nitrite Ion Accumulation Dissolved Oxygen Denitrifying Bacteria Gaseous End Products Free Molecular Oxygen The Occurrence of Denitrification
Download or read book Dynamics of Nitrification in the Activated Sludge Process written by Harendra M. Mehta and published by . This book was released on with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding of Nitrifying and Denitrifying Bacterial Population Dynamics in an Activated Sludge Process written by Tongzhou Wang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen removal from wastewater has been an important objective in treatment since the 1960s and is one of the most important biological processes used. The progression of knowledge has evolved in stages moving from simple stoichiometric equations into the modern activated sludge models of today. These models use surrogates such as volatile solids for biomass and outcome parameters such as nitrate and nitrite in the secondary effluent to simulate biological activity. Thus, even the most complex models fail to capture the cyclical nature of bacterial abundance and the operating parameters which drive these cycles in full-scale plants. Better understanding of microbial communities has been attempted through the application of florescent in situ hybridization (FISH), which has determined the presence of specific organisms and the distributions of nitrifying and denitrifying populations within a single grab sample. New techniques such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) allowed the identification and quantification of nitrifying and denitrifying bacterial populations over time in full- scale plants. This has permitted the determination of relationships between organisms and operating parameters, which is missing from the majority of earlier microbial studies of wastewater treatment processes.Intense monitoring of bacterial populations involved in nitrification and denitrification was used in this dissertation to identify and illustrate how application of these molecular tools can be used improve plant performance. The overall findings of this study showed that plant performance should be optimized seasonally for maximum nitrification and to maximize denitrification anoxic dissolved oxygen needs to be carefully monitored during the winter and spring to prevent excess oxygen from inhibiting denitrification activity. Furthermore, this study suggests that consortia of bacterial groups carried out denitrification and no one single group could be identified which represented more than 50% of the population. This latter finding suggests that interactions, of what might otherwise be considered as minor groups, become important in understanding overall influences on the denitrification process. This was shown by the inhibition of the abundance of denitrifying bacteria through the production of nitrite by a bulking organism (Thiothrix Eikelboomii ).In the first study, we determined the nitrifying populations (ammonia oxidizing bacteria, Nitrobacter spp. and Nitrospira spp.) and the total bacterial population were most affected by five of the major physicochemical parameters. Water temperature, nitrite produced, nitrate produced, solids retention time, and pH were found to be the major physicochemical parameters controlling these bacterial dynamics. Two clusters in Principal Component 1(PC1) reflected a seasonality shift at 26.9°C. Temperature was found to be the parameter most directly affecting all bacterial populations in the warmer seasons (July-December), while nitrite produced and pH showed direct negative impacts on the bacterial populations in the cooler seasons (January-June) in the principal component analysis plot. PC1 and PC2 together accounted for 59.8% of the total variance, and the first six Principal Components accounted for 90.2% of total variance. Nitrifying and total bacterial abundance were strictly dependent on temperature in the summer time and inhibited by pH and nitrite in the winter season. This study found SRT needs to be extended by approximately 3.6 days to achieve optimum nitrification and the reduction of the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria: nitrite-oxidizing bacteria ratio of 9.5:1 to 2:1, because the SRT is too short for the Nitrobacter spp. and Nitrospira spp. growth rates.In the second study, two major denitrifying microbial groups, Thauera-like bacteria and Zoogloea-Methyloversatilis-like bacteria, which accounted for 34% on average of the total bacterial community measured using quantitative PCR (qPCR), were investigated in relation to the denitrification ability in a full scale plant. In this study of 11-months in warm wastewater (23-28.6 °C), dissolved oxygen (DO) in the anoxic zone was the most important parameter that determined denitrification efficiency when the temperature was below 27°C. Zoogloea-Methyloversatilis -like bacteria correlated significantly with denitrification ( r= 0.52, p
Download or read book Eighth International Conference on Water Pollution Research written by S. H. Jenkins and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-11 with total page 1070 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Pollution Research covers the proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Water Pollution Research, held in Sydney, Australia on October 17-22, 1976. This book is composed of 150 and begins with discussions of the different sources of water pollution, including aerosolization, viral contamination, hydrocarbons, and heavy metals. Considerable chapters are devoted to various chemical processes for wastewater management; technical requirements for standard water quality; and methods of pollutant analysis. These topics are followed by surveys of Sydney's design of ocean outfall, an integrated pollution control system, and sewage sludge disposal. Other chapters describe the features of wastewater treatment reactors and other treatment alternatives. The remaining chapters present various case studies demonstrating the performance and improvements of different wastewater treatment facilities. This book will prove useful to water pollution researchers, environmentalists, and design engineers.
Download or read book Dynamics of Nitrification in the Activated Sludge Process written by Richard Alan Poduska and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Study of the Dynamics of Nitrification in the Activated Sludge Process written by Richard Alan Poduska and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Temperature and Solids Retention Time on Activated Sludge Treatment Performance written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A bench-scale treatment system with external clarifier was used to determine the effects of solids retention time (SRT) and temperature on treatment performance while simulating the full scale activated sludge process. Four bench-scale reactors, operating at SRTs of 20, 10, 5 and 2 days, were fed settled municipal wastewater collected after primary clarification from the Kuwahee wastewater treatment plant in Knoxville, TN. Three operational temperatures were investigated during this study, 22°C, 12°C and 7°C. The order and duration of operation at each temperature was first 22°C for 61 days, next 7°C for 47 days and lastly 12°C for 105 days. Experimental results indicate that carbon treatment performance improved, on average with increasing SRT; however, carbon treatment performance was not effected by operational temperatures studied to the same extent. On average, carbon oxidation improved with increasing SRT at each operational temperature; however, carbon oxidation was more efficient at 12°C than 22°C. CODT treatment performance at 7°C was poor irrespective of SRT. The difference in performance between 22°C and 12°C was attributed to acclimation of biomass from startup at 22°C to operation at 12°C beginning at 108 days. Sludge volume index (SVI) and effluent suspended solids (ESS) values also indicated that SRT had a greater impact on biosolids settling than did temperature. During this study, nitrification was observed to be viable at 22°C and 12°C despite reported sensitivity of lower SRTs (2 and 5 days) to process changes and low operational temperature. According to these observations, higher SRTs would be recommended for full-scale treatment especially during wintertime or sub-optimum temperatures. Nitrification at 7°C was observed to be almost nonexistent for all SRTs studied during this research. Based on the data presented in this study, an SRT of 5 days and a process temperature of 12°C are necessary to achieve effective carbon treatment, biosolids settling, and nitrification. A comparison of the full and bench scale (5-day SRT) systems, based on the operational and environmental parameters considered in this study revealed inadequacies of the bench scale system in simulating the full scale facility. Carbon treatment performance as well as MLSS levels, differed in the two systems. The full scale facility consistently discharged significantly lower carbon levels than did the bench scale system. Additionally MLSS levels were significantly higher in the full scale facility. Nitrification performance was better in the bench scale system at temperatures above 12°C but were significantly poorer at 7°C.
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Dynamic Model of Nitrification denitrification in the Activated Sludge System with Powdered Activated Carbon written by Jong Soull Lee and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Process Design Manual for Nitrogen Control written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Technology Transfer and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sequential Nitrification denitrification in a Plug Flow Activated Sludge System written by James A. Heidman and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrification and Denitrification in the Activated Sludge Process written by Michael H. Gerardi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-01-09 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrification and Denitrification in the Activated Sludge Process, the first in a series on the microbiology of wastewater treatment, comprises the critical topics of cost-effective operation, permit compliance, process control, and troubleshooting in wastewater treatment plants. Avoiding the technical jargon, chemical equations, and kinetics that typically accompany such texts, Nitrification and Denitrification in the Activated Sludge Process directly addresses plant operators and technicians, providing necessary information for understanding the microbiology and biological conditions that occur in the treatment process. Of special interest to wastewater treatment plant operators are the bacteria that degrade nitrogenous wastes–the nitrifying bacteria–and the bacteria that degrade carbonaceous wastes–the cBOD-removing bacteria. Both groups of bacteria need to be routinely monitored and operational conditions favorably adjusted to ensure desired nitrification. Each chapter in this groundbreaking study offers a better understanding of the importance of nitrification and denitrification and the bacteria involved in these crucial processes. Chapters include: Organotrophs The Wastewater Nitrogen Cycle Nitrite Ion Accumulation Dissolved Oxygen Denitrifying Bacteria Gaseous End Products Free Molecular Oxygen The Occurrence of Denitrification
Download or read book A Dynamic Model of Nitrification for the Activated Sludge Process written by Richard Alan Poduska and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
