Download or read book The Effects of Partial Retirement on Health written by Tunga Kantarcı and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies analyzed the effect of retirement on mental and physical health. Some of them find that retirement yields a loss in cognitive skills while others find that retirement preserves physical health. These studies do not account for partial retirement or part-time work. This paper aims to fill this gap. We study how the amount of work hours affects the physical or mental health conditions of US residents between 50 and 75 years old in eight waves (1994-2008) of the Health and Retirement Study. To avoid the potential bias due to the fact that deteriorating health conditions can cause employees to work fewer hours, retirement eligibility ages are used as instruments for part-time or full-time work decisions. We also control for, possibly health related, unobserved heterogeneity across individuals. We find that working part-time or full-time deteriorates overall health and memory skills. On the other hand, part-time and full-time working reduces body weight, and part-time white-collar work substantially improves the word recall score. Part-time and full-time workers are also less prone to depression. In general, health status of the elderly responds to working part-time much more than it responds to working full-time, suggesting that the effect of number of hours worked on health outcomes is nonlinear.
Download or read book Partial Retirement and the Analysis of Retirement Behavior written by Alan L. Gustman and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the phenomenon of partial retirement . Topics covered include: (1) the quantitative importance of partial retirement, (2) institutional constraints in addition to mandatory retirement which limit the opportunity to retire partially in the main job, (3) the effect of these constraints on the specification of the relevant structural equations in a life cycle retirement model, (4) the impact of standard explanatory variables on four outcomes -- complete retirement, partial retirement both in and outside the main job, and non-retirement, (5) the importance of partial retirement even for those who do not face mandatory retirement, are not covered by a pension and are healthy, (6) the sensitivity of results based on a dichotomous retirement variable to whether the partially retired are classified as retired or not retired. A number of studies have either treated partial retirement inappropriately or have adopted unrealistic assumptions about the opportunity set facing potential retirees. Our findings call their results into question
Download or read book How to Evaluate the Effects of Social Security Policies on Retirement and Saving When Firm Policies Affect the Opportunities Facing Older Individuals written by Alan L. Gustman and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project uses data from the Health and Retirement Study to examine, in the context of a structural retirement model, the effects on retirement of non-wage aspects of employment emanating from firm side factors. Factors examined include minimum hours constraints, layoffs, physical and mental requirements of the job, informal pressures to retire, accommodations made by the employer when a person has a health problem, and retirement windows. The most important effects found pertain to minimum hours constraints. Should minimum hours constraints be abolished, the percent of the population ages 62 to 69 who are completely retired will decline by 10 to 15 percentage points. The fraction in this age group who are working in partial retirement jobs will increase by roughly twenty percentage points of the population. Were minimum hours constraints abolished, more than twice as many people would enter partial retirement as would leave full time work. As a result, total FTE employment would increase were minimum hours constraints eliminated. Increasing the importance of partial retirement would affect the role of the earnings test and liquidity of the Social Security system, although the increase in partial retirement would be largely, but not entirely offset by the decline in full time work. This would limit the size of any effects on Social Security finances.
Download or read book Aging and the Macroeconomy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is in the midst of a major demographic shift. In the coming decades, people aged 65 and over will make up an increasingly large percentage of the population: The ratio of people aged 65+ to people aged 20-64 will rise by 80%. This shift is happening for two reasons: people are living longer, and many couples are choosing to have fewer children and to have those children somewhat later in life. The resulting demographic shift will present the nation with economic challenges, both to absorb the costs and to leverage the benefits of an aging population. Aging and the Macroeconomy: Long-Term Implications of an Older Population presents the fundamental factors driving the aging of the U.S. population, as well as its societal implications and likely long-term macroeconomic effects in a global context. The report finds that, while population aging does not pose an insurmountable challenge to the nation, it is imperative that sensible policies are implemented soon to allow companies and households to respond. It offers four practical approaches for preparing resources to support the future consumption of households and for adapting to the new economic landscape.
Download or read book Employer Provided Health Insurance and Retirement Behavior written by Alan L. Gustman and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the effects on retirement of employer provided health benefits to workers and retirees. Retiree health benefits delay retirement until age of eligibility, and then accelerate it. With a base case of no retiree health coverage, granting retiree health coverage to all those with employer coverage while working accelerates retirement age by less than one month. Valuing benefits at costs of private health insurance to unaffiliated individuals, rather than at group rates, increases the effect. Ignoring retiree health benefits in retirement models creates only a small bias. Changing health insurance policies has a small effect on retirement.
Download or read book Social Security and the Determinants of Full and Partial Retirement written by Glenn T. Sueyoshi and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical analyses of retirement typically assume a single form of retirement. In this paper, I consider the determinants of retirement in a competing risks model which allows for full and partial retirement. Simulation results indicate that the large increase in Social Security benefits in the early 1970s has had moderate effects upon retirement, increasing the probability of early full retirement (before age 65) by less than 5 percent and reducing the probability of partial retirement by 1-2 percent.
Download or read book Emotions in Groups Organizations and Cultures written by Charmine E. J. Härtel and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2009-07-09 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of emotions in organizations is unlocking exciting insights into why employees behave as they do in groups, organizations and in different cultural contexts. This title showcases a collection of the work advancing knowledge and practice in these areas.
Download or read book The Effect of Partial Retirement on Labor Supply Public Balances and the Income Distribution Evidence from a Structural Analysis written by Songül Tolan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Healthcare Long term Care and Retirement written by Aikaterini Gousia and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on three distinct topics around healthcare and ageing. The first chapter assess the effectiveness of the current regime that regulates the entry and geographical distribution of pharmacies in Italy. Using a structural model from the recent literature on entry I find that the public interest view is not supported in the Italian case. Alternative policies that combine entry deregulation and markup reduction are found to achieve the same if not better geographical coverage by pharmacies, higher supply of pharmaceutical services, entry by new pharmacists and important government savings. The second chapter seeks to see whether financial literacy can be a factor that affects demand for private long-term care insurance. Using detailed data from the Health and Retirement Study I construct two comprehensive indices for financial literacy that capture various aspects and degrees of financial skills and knowledge. Using an instrumental variables approach I find that those with higher financial literacy are more likely to own private long-term care insurance. The third chapter investigates the effect of gradual retirement on a variety of health outcomes. Using a regression discontinuity approach I find that partial retirement has a preserving health effect in old age contrary to full time work that is found to deteriorate health. The effect of partial retirement on health is in fact larger in magnitude, suggesting that the health effects of working are non linear in old age.
Download or read book Retirement Transitions written by Sora Kim and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The role of shocks to household resources in affecting retirement transitions among older employees was analyzed using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The transitions of reverse retirement and partial retirement were of particular interest. The objectives of the study were: (1) To explore how shocks, or unexpected changes to financial and human resources, affect retirement transitions, and (2) To explore the relative importance of shocks in making retirement transitions. The study sample consisted of 2,514 HRS respondents, born between 1926 and 1938, who changed employment status between 1998 and 2000 or between 2000 and 2002. A multinomial Logit model was used in order to make comparisons among the four retirement transition groups. The empirical model included institutional variables and demographic and environmental control variables. The results suggest that just as the paths to retirement are diverse and complex, so are their determinants. Shocks to financial resources had the largest effects on reverse retirement transitions. Shocks to human resources, including family structure and health, affected all retirement transitions. Institutional variables had the largest marginal effects on partial retirement. As expected, positive shocks to assets decreased the odds of reverse retirement, and negative income shocks had larger marginal effects on retirement transitions than positive income shocks. However, positive asset shocks had larger marginal effects on retirement transitions than negative asset shocks. The partial retirement group was distinguished from the reverse retirement group in terms of financial shock impacts; for members of the partial retirement group, rather than shocks to resources, institutional supports were key determinants. Fewer significant effects on the odds of partial retirement over traditional retirement were found, and the effects were smaller than those for reverse retirement and retirement from part-time employment in terms of their magnitudes. The loss of human resources was important across the transition groups, with greater impact of shock to marital status on women's labor force transitions compared to men's. To reduce shocks to household resources under uncertainty, retirement education should encompass information on asset allocation and financial risk. These topics may help workers more effectively plan for retirement.
Download or read book Retirement Outcomes in the Health and Retirement Study written by Alan L. Gustman and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines retirement outcomes in the first four waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Measured retirement is seen to differ, sometimes substantially, with the definition of retirement used and among various groups analyzed. Moreover, these differences vary with the wave of the survey as respondents age. Retirement is comprised of a complex set of flows among states representing full time work, partial retirement and complete retirement. Seventy seven percent of transitions continue in the same or equivalent states between adjoining waves of the HRS; 17 percent involve a move from greater to lesser labor force participation, and 6 percent involve a move from states of lesser to greater labor force participation. Twenty two percent of the sample report they were partially retired at some time in the first four waves, and by age 65, over a fifth of the population is partially retired. Altogether, 14 percent of the sample experienced a reversal in the course of the survey, moving from a state of less work to a state of more work. Comparing retirement flows for men between the HRS and the 1969-1979 Retirement History Study, the large spike in the population leaving full time work at age 65 observed in the RHS is reduced to half its original size in the HRS, while the share leaving full time work at age 62 has almost doubled over time. The results presented here should help researchers to improve their understanding of the structure of the dependent variable in retirement studies
Download or read book Growing Older in America written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bridge Employment written by Carlos-María Alcover and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-16 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the long-term trend toward earlier retirement slowing, and the majority of older workers remaining in employment up to and beyond statutory retirement age, it is increasingly important that we understand how to react to these changes. Bridge employment patterns and activities have changed greatly over the past decade, yet there is little information about the benefits of the various different forms this can take, both for employees and employers. This comparative international collection provides the first comprehensive summary of the literature on bridge employment, bringing together experiences from Europe, the United States, Canada, Australia and Japan. It identifies the opportunities, barriers and gaps in knowledge and practice, whilst offering recommendations on how organisations and individuals can cope with future challenges in aging and work. Written by international experts in the field, each chapter also makes substantive and contextualized suggestions for public policy and organizational decision-makers, providing them with a roadmap to implement and integrate bridge employment into policies and practices designed to prolong working life - a priority for workers, organizations and societies in the coming decades. This unique research handbook will be useful to a wide range of readers with an interest in the new concept of bridge employment and the extension of working life, and of interest to researchers and practitioners in organizational behavior, labor market analysis, human resource management, career development/counselling, occupational health, social economy and public policy administration
Download or read book Care Without Coverage written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-06-20 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many Americans believe that people who lack health insurance somehow get the care they really need. Care Without Coverage examines the real consequences for adults who lack health insurance. The study presents findings in the areas of prevention and screening, cancer, chronic illness, hospital-based care, and general health status. The committee looked at the consequences of being uninsured for people suffering from cancer, diabetes, HIV infection and AIDS, heart and kidney disease, mental illness, traumatic injuries, and heart attacks. It focused on the roughly 30 million-one in seven-working-age Americans without health insurance. This group does not include the population over 65 that is covered by Medicare or the nearly 10 million children who are uninsured in this country. The main findings of the report are that working-age Americans without health insurance are more likely to receive too little medical care and receive it too late; be sicker and die sooner; and receive poorer care when they are in the hospital, even for acute situations like a motor vehicle crash.
Download or read book The Effects of Pensions and Retirement Policies on Retirement in Higher Education written by Alan L. Gustman and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A structural retirement model is estimated using data for tenured, male faculty employed in the 1970's at 26 high quality private colleges and universities. Simulations of raising and then abolishing the mandatory retirement age suggest very large increases in full time work by faculty members in their late 60's and early 70's. Simulations also suggest that early retirement incentive programs would offset only a small fraction of the increase in work due to changes in mandatory retirement, and that rents created by these programs exceed savings from induced early retirements, with salaries of replacements further adding to costs.
Download or read book Future Directions for the Demography of Aging written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-07-21 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost 25 years have passed since the Demography of Aging (1994) was published by the National Research Council. Future Directions for the Demography of Aging is, in many ways, the successor to that original volume. The Division of Behavioral and Social Research at the National Institute on Aging (NIA) asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to produce an authoritative guide to new directions in demography of aging. The papers published in this report were originally presented and discussed at a public workshop held in Washington, D.C., August 17-18, 2017. The workshop discussion made evident that major new advances had been made in the last two decades, but also that new trends and research directions have emerged that call for innovative conceptual, design, and measurement approaches. The report reviews these recent trends and also discusses future directions for research on a range of topics that are central to current research in the demography of aging. Looking back over the past two decades of demography of aging research shows remarkable advances in our understanding of the health and well-being of the older population. Equally exciting is that this report sets the stage for the next two decades of innovative researchâ€"a period of rapid growth in the older American population.
Download or read book Families and Retirement written by Maximiliane Szinovacz and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 1992-03-10 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the long term effects of retirement on family relationships? Do personality characteristics or attitudes of one spouse impinge on the other spouse′s retirement plans and adjustment? What differences exist in the ways males and females adapt to retirement? Leading researchers in the fields of family studies and gerontology present enlightening information on the impact of retirement on family relations. Original essays focus on gender and ethnic differences, the role of children, siblings, and significant others, and the multiple changes retirement creates in marriage. In addition, a variety of theoretical models, existing research, and methodological problems in studying retired families are explored. Families and Retirement is essential reading for graduate students, researchers, and professionals in gerontology, sociology, social work, family psychology, and policy studies. "This is a well-written book. The editors have done a great job in selecting chapter authors whose research is important and directly related to the focus of the book. . . . The book will be an excellent text for sociology classes focusing mainly on retirement. It will also serve well as a supplemental text in gerontology, family studies, economics, and other college and university courses wherein retirement is studied." --Journal of Marriage and the Family "Just when it seems too complex a task to produce a text that addresses retirement from the perspective of the family, a new work appears that does just that. . . . The editors have successfully expanded [the] traditional concern with the individual by choosing studies showing relationships and issues on aspects of retirement and family." --Family Relations
