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Book The Effects of Nutrition and Reproductive Strategies on Performance of Beef Cattle Grazing Native Shortgrass Range in Western Kansas

Download or read book The Effects of Nutrition and Reproductive Strategies on Performance of Beef Cattle Grazing Native Shortgrass Range in Western Kansas written by Bradley Wayne Bennett and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cattle grazing dormant native range (7% crude protein; CP) require supplementation of additional protein to sustain body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS). Daily delivery of these supplements is an economic burden to cattle producers faced with challenging economic circumstances. Supplementing cows infrequently (as little as once/week) has produced equivalent BW and BCS changes compared to daily delivery. Dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) provides more ruminally-undegradable protein (RUP; 50-60%) compared to traditional oilseed-meal supplements (i.e. soybean meal) that are50% ruminally-degradable protein (RDP). Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the effects of supplementation frequency on performance, reproductive success, eating behavior, and subsequent calf performance of spring-calving cows supplemented with DDGS. No differences in ending BW (P = 0.69) and BCS (P = 0.49), or changes in BW and BCS over the supplementation period (P = 0.82 and 0.70, respectively) were observed among cows supplemented every d, every 3 d, or every 6 d. Calf BW at birth, weaning weight (WW), and average daily gain (ADG) were similar among treatments (P = 0.19, 0.12, and 0.10, respectively). First-service conception rate (FSCR) and final pregnancy rate (PR) were also not affected by supplementation frequency (P = 0.62 and 0.76, respectively). The development of replacement heifers is a large expense for cow-calf producers. Improved breeding and heifer development strategies aimed at ensuring the success of replacement females have been developed but reproductive failure still remains a problem. The stress associated with breeding and handling procedures may decrease reproductive success. Therefore, the objective was to determine if intramuscular administration of flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg BW) 14 days post-breeding would improve FSCR and PR in non-transported replacement heifers. Under the conditions of our study, flunixin meglumine did not improve (P = 0.87) first service conception rate above that of control heifers (41.2% and 42.3%, respectively). Final pregnancy rate also was not different between treatments and averaged 81.8% (P = 0.40).

Book The Effects of Protein Supplementation on Performance of Beef Cattle Grazing Native Mixedgrass Range in Western Kansas

Download or read book The Effects of Protein Supplementation on Performance of Beef Cattle Grazing Native Mixedgrass Range in Western Kansas written by Carson McMullen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cattle consuming low-protein forage (7% CP) require additional supplemental protein to maintain BW and BCS. Daily delivery of protein supplements places undue financial burden on cattle producers. Supplementing cows as infrequently as once every 6 d) has resulted in similar changes cow BW and BCS when compared to daily supplementation. As calving season nears, producers may wish to increase supplementation frequency. The responses to a change in supplementation frequency during the third trimester of gestation have not been widely investigated. Therefore, our objective in Study 1 was to evaluate the effect of altering supplementation frequency during late gestation on performance of spring-calving cows grazing low-quality, dormant native range and supplemented with dried distillers grains with solubles (DDG). Angus x cows (n = 238; mean age = 6 ± 2.5 yr; average initial BW = 618 ± 56.2 kg; average initial BCS = 5.7 ± 0.03) were stratified by age, BW, BCS, and assigned randomly to 1 of 4 treatments: 1) DDG daily (D1); 2) DDG once every 6 d (D6); 3) DDG daily from d 1 to d 60 and then every 6 d (D1-D6); 4) DDG every 6 d from d 1 to d 60 and then daily (D6-D1). Treatments were initiated 100 d prior to expected onset of calving. Cow BW and BCS were measured every 28 d. Cows were sorted daily before supplementation at 0830 h. Supplement delivery was calculated to meet dietary CP requirements. Increasing supplementation frequency 28 d prepartum negatively affected final BW and BW change from d 61-88 for the D6-D1 supplementation group (P 0.05) compared to other supplementation groups. Cow BW change for the study (d 1-88) was also less (P

Book Miscellaneous Publication

Download or read book Miscellaneous Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1940 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Factors Affecting Foraging Behavior of Beef Cattle Grazing Native Tallgrass Range in the Kansas Flint Hills

Download or read book Factors Affecting Foraging Behavior of Beef Cattle Grazing Native Tallgrass Range in the Kansas Flint Hills written by Nancy Ann Aubel and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this series of studies was to examine select factors that affect behavior of beef cattle grazing native-tallgrass rangelands. Mineral supplements with divergent palatability characteristics were delivered to beef cows grazing native tallgrass range during various seasons of the year in order to measure mineral intake, frequency of supplement use, and duration of supplement use. We concluded that molasses-based mineral supplements influenced the activities of grazing cows more strongly than salt-based mineral supplements. These influences extended to the amount of supplement consumed as well as to the frequency, duration, and timing of use. Diet selection preferences of experienced, multiparous beef cows and naïve, primiparous beef cows grazing dormant, native tallgrass pastures were examined also during a short-term winter grazing bout. Naïve, primiparous cows selected more forbs and fewer grasses than experienced, multiparous cows. Previous research indicated that preference for broadleaf plants generally increased with grazing experience; however, these conclusions were based on research with greater-quality forages than those evaluated in our study. The differences in diet selection patterns between experienced, multiparous cows and naïve, primiparous cows during a short-term winter grazing period could be indicative of differences in long-term foraging strategies. In addition, the botanical composition of diets grazed by lactating beef cows with suckling calves and non-pregnant, non-lactating beef cows grazing either burned or unburned native tallgrass prairie during summer were evaluated. There were no differences in botanical diet composition between lactating cows suckling calves and non-lactating cows. In contrast, total graminoid selection was greater on burned (74.2%) than unburned pastures (71.8%) and total forb selection was greater on unburned (28.2%) than burned pastures (25.8%). We interpreted these data to suggest that forage selection preferences of beef cows can be altered with spring burning of native tallgrass pastures. Effects of large, round hay bale feeding method on intake of smooth bromegrass hay and eating behavior by beef cows were examined on dormant tallgrass prairie pastures during winter. Three large, round hay bale-feeding systems were evaluated: bales fed in a ring feeder, bales unrolled on the ground, and bales chopped with a flail-type hay processor (20-cm particle length) and deposited on the ground. Hay intake, hay refusal, frequency of use, and duration of use were not influenced by hay-feeding method. Foraging behaviors of beef cows in our studies were influenced by supplement type, cow age, and prescribed burning of rangeland. Conversely, foraging behaviors of beef cows were not influenced by lactation or by hay-feeding method.

Book Evaluation of Crude Protein Supplementation to Beef Cattle Grazing Late Growing Season Native Range

Download or read book Evaluation of Crude Protein Supplementation to Beef Cattle Grazing Late Growing Season Native Range written by Landon Garrett Canterbury and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two experiments evaluated the effects of altering dietary protein on beef cattle performance and nutrient excretion. In the first study, concurrent experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of protein supplementation to beef cattle grazing warm-season shortgrass forage during the late growing season. For all Exp., treatments consisted of a supplemented group (1.32 kg of a 39% CP fed 3 times a week) and a non-supplemented control group. In Exp. 1, cow final BW (P = 0.24) and ADG (P = 0.38) were not affected by treatment. There was no difference (P = 0.97) in cow final BCS regardless of treatment. Calf ADG (P = 0.54) and weaning weight (P = 0.45) were not affected by treatment. In Exp. 2, cow final BW (P = 0.39) and final BCS (P = 0.81) did not differ between treatments. Cow ADG (P = 0.07) tended to be greater when supplemented with 0.22 kg CP per day. Calf ADG (P = 0.50) and weaning weight (P = 0.11) did not differ between treatments. In Exp. 3, heifer final BW (P = 0.17) was not different between treatments. Heifer ADG (P = 0.02) was greater for supplemented heifers. Supplementing protein to cattle grazing late season medium quality forage is advantageous for increasing ADG in replacement heifers and potentially beneficial to improve condition in lactating primiparous cows. In a separate study, a commercially available condensed tannin (CT) extract (ByPro; Silva Team, Ontario, CA) was included in a cereal grain-based diet at 3 levels (0, 1, or 2% of diet, DM basis). No group by treatment interactions was detected (P ≥ 0.18) among the response variables. Provision of CT did not affect (P ≥ 0.64) DM intake or apparent total-tract DM digestion. Nitrogen intake was not affected (P = 0.58) by inclusion of CT in the diet, but fecal N output increased (P = 0.04) at 2% CT inclusion compared with control. However, there was no difference (P = 0.36) in urine N output among treatments. Nitrogen retention was less than (P = 0.03) with 2% CT than 0 or 1% CT. Proportion of total N excreted in urine decreased (P = 0.03) with CT supplementation at 1 or 2% in the diet. Similarly the proportion of total N excreted in feces increased (P = 0.03) with 1 or 2% CT inclusion. Site of N excretion was shifted away from urine and toward feces when CT was included in a complete diet fed to beef cattle.

Book Cows Calves and Grass

Download or read book Cows Calves and Grass written by and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Effects of Nutrition on Cattle Reproduction

Download or read book The Effects of Nutrition on Cattle Reproduction written by Cattle Reproduction Improvement Council and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Effects of Pre and Postweaning Nutrition on Fertility and Feed Efficiency in Beef Heifers

Download or read book The Effects of Pre and Postweaning Nutrition on Fertility and Feed Efficiency in Beef Heifers written by Maggie K. Bloomsburg and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cattle in the Pacific Northwest graze a variety of forages which vary in quality. The effects of forage quality on heifer reproductive development and fertility is still under investigation. Therefore, the first objective was to investigate the effects of grazing different quality forages preweaning and postweaning on reproductive traits and feed efficiency in heifers. Although nutritional differences were present, pre- and postweaning treatments did not affect reproduction. This indicates different qualities of forage present in Idaho may be utilized for heifers. Feed costs represent a large portion of cattle producers' expenses. Selecting for feed efficiency allows producers to capitalize on these expenses. However, the effects of selecting for efficiency on reproduction is still undetermined. The second objective was to study the relationship between feed efficiency and reproductive development and fertility. No differences in reproductive traits were detected among heifers ranked as efficient, average or inefficient at utilizing feed for growth.

Book Effects of Body Condition on Reproductive Performance of Range Beef Cows

Download or read book Effects of Body Condition on Reproductive Performance of Range Beef Cows written by Patrick A. Momont and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Bibliography of Agriculture

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: