Download or read book The Effects of Musical Entrainment on Performance Quality and Socialization written by Andrew Christopher Dubbert and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of entrainment on performance quality and socialization of wind band instrumentalists in a trio setting. Specifically, (1) what effect does movement have on performance quality? (2) What effect does movement have on interpersonal likability? and (3) What effect does movement have on interpersonal affiliation? The phenomenon of entrainment has been under investigation by researchers for years but has lately grown in popularity over the past two decades. The concept of entrainment refers to the process of synchronization between two or more repetitive rhythmic onsets. Entrainment is observable between inanimate objects or human behaviors and includes either a symmetrical or asymmetrical relationship. In music when a performer synchronizes their performance to the speed of a metronome, it is considered asymmetrical entrainment as only one party can adjust to the other. A duet setting features symmetrical entrainment as both parties mutually adjust their performance to match or imitate each other. The synchronization between performers, and from performer to conductor are very common in a musical setting and are often intended to influence desirable performance outcomes. However, this entrainment has been found to influence humans in more areas than just musical performance. Social behaviors have been identified to entrain between people over time, such as speech patterns and mannerisms. These behaviors are often nonconsciously imitated or mimicked between individuals and commonly lead to prosocial behaviors such as feelings of empathy, likability, and affiliation. In a musical setting, performers constantly mimic and imitate each other; not only through musical interpretations, but often through expressive movement. Through a wholistic point of view, it can be concluded that musicians in an ensemble setting achieve optimal performance through entrainment to the conductor's instructions and the mutual negotiations with their performers. To investigate entrainment in an instrumental setting, participants (N = 30) were randomly assigned to trios and recorded a short etude. The control and entrainment group recorded the etude twice, where the control condition refrained from movement, but the entrainment group received a movement intervention prior to their second recording. While listening back to their performances, the participants answered questions regarding their likability and affiliation for their fellow performers. Free response opportunities allowed the performers to elaborate on the factors that contributed to their answers. The recordings were then distributed to expert adjudicators who graded the recordings for performance quality. Results indicated minimal growth in performance quality between recordings, but significant growth was found in likability and affiliation from both conditions. This finding highlighted the potential for positive social outcomes with and without the presence of movement. The incorporation of movement in this study was not found to have a significant influence on performance quality or interpersonal likability, but movement was found to have a significant influence on performer affiliation. As musicians must approach music performance from a collaborative perspective, the finding of movement's significant influence on affiliation indicated that performers feel heightened levels of interpersonal association and connectedness when moving together during performance. The free response questions regarding the factors that influenced their responses commonly pointed to performance quality as contributing factor to their feelings of interpersonal likability and affiliation. Overall conclusions indicated that movement has a positive influence on likability and a significant influence on affiliation. While movement was not found to influence performance quality, the unintentional finding of this study indicated how important performance quality was to the participants when they considered the factors that contributed to socialization. It is hopeful that this study can spark additional entrainment research in the ensemble setting, in addition to fostering pedagogical techniques for increased incorporation of movement in contemporary music education. Further results and implications are discussed in the paper.
Download or read book Supporting Communication Through Performance written by Megan Mc Grath and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pattern behavior is a characteristic quality of many individuals in special populations (American Psychiatric Association, 2000, 2013; Rinehart, Bradshaw, Brereton, & Tongue, 2002). This is typically accommodated through repetitive activities, and the use of routine and structure in daily or weekly activities in order to create an ideal environment in terms of socialization, comfort, and security. Every morning might involve the same dressing, hygiene and eating routine; every weeks dinners might follow the same menu (Monday is pasta, Tuesday is chicken, etc.). Some individuals with special needs are comforted by these routines and this predictability of experiences day to day. Without structure or routine, such individuals might lash out due to fear, surprise, or discomfort with unexpected situations (Bishop, Richler, Cain, & Lord, 2007; South, Ozonoff, & McMahon, 2005; Cook, DCruz, Masconi, Ragozzino, Shrestha, Sweeney, 2013). Therefore, the use of patterns or routines has become an accepted and widely used adaptation to these individuals activities of daily living. However, the use of performance arts provides an alternative route to addressing this need, satisfying the individuals desire for routine while promoting an acceptance of variability. Performance arts (such as improvisation, instrumental performance, vocal performance, and dance performance) provide a model for self-expression where a structure and rules are in place, but also allow for individual, unique expression. This model satisfies -- on the surface -- the need for structure and predictable outcomes. However, the model also simultaneously addresses and treats the preference for predictability. Through the use of performance arts in therapy for special populations, a model and structure is put into place, but within such structure there is room for variance and novel creation. This provides an enticing environment for self expression and novel creation, and a safe place to express feelings in a verbal and physical way, appropriate to the specific activity (Corbett, 2014b; Nelson, 2017). Performance also can benefit individuals in terms of allowing for expression of feelings, relating verbal and nonverbal expression of feelings, and teaching appropriate avenues of expression. Therefore, when utilized with individuals with special needs, these activities encourage acceptance of novelty, concerning the behavior of others as well as the individual him or herself. This qualitative study of a small group of individuals explored the behavioral changes individuals might identify in themselves, and the changes others witness in these individuals as well. The goal of this study was to answer the initial question: How does the predictable but various structure of music and improvisation promote comfort with novelty -- specifically willingness to participate, initiation of novel activities, and decreased sensitivity to change -- through performance practice and activities?
Download or read book The Emotional Power of Music written by Tom Cochrane and published by . This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can an abstract sequence of sounds so intensely express emotional states? In the past ten years, research into the topic of music and emotion has flourished. This book explores the relationship between music and emotion, bringing together contributions from psychologists, neuroscientists, musicologists, musicians, and philosophers
Download or read book The Impact of Music on Human Development and Well Being written by Michele Biasutti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-07-17 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Music is one of the most universal ways of expression and communication in human life and is present in the everyday lives of people of all ages and from all cultures around the world. Music represents an enjoyable activity in and of itself, but its influence goes beyond simple amusement. Listening to music, singing, playing, composing and improvising, individually and collectively, are common activities for many people: these activities not only allow the expression of personal inner states and feelings, but also can bring many positive effects to those who engage in them. There is an increasing wealth of literature concerning the wider benefits of musical activity, and research in the sciences associated with music suggests that there are many dimensions of human life (physical, social, psychological—including cognitive and emotional) which can be affected positively by music. The impact that musical activity has on human life can be found in different processes, including a transfer of learning from the musical to another cognitive domain. Abilities that have been developed through music education and training may also be effectively applied in other cognitive tasks. Engagement in successful music activity may also have a positive impact on social skills and social inclusion, thus supporting the participation of the individual in collective and collaborative musical events. The promotion of social participation through music can foster many kinds of inclusion, including intercultural, intergenerational, and support for those who are differently abled. The aim of this Research Topic is to present a diverse range of original articles that investigate and discuss, in different ways, the crucial role that musical activity can play in human development and well-being.
Download or read book What Is the Evidence on the Role of the Arts in Improving Health and Well Being written by Daisy Fancourt and published by . This book was released on 2019-06 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, there has been a major increase in research into the effects of the arts on health and well-being, alongside developments in practice and policy activities in different countries across the WHO European Region and further afield. This report synthesizes the global evidence on the role of the arts in improving health and well-being, with a specific focus on the WHO European Region. Results from over 3000 studies identified a major role for the arts in the prevention of ill health, promotion of health, and management and treatment of illness across the lifespan. The reviewed evidence included study designs such as uncontrolled pilot studies, case studies, small-scale cross-sectional surveys, nationally representative longitudinal cohort studies, community-wide ethnographies and randomized controlled trials from diverse disciplines. The beneficial impact of the arts could be furthered through acknowledging and acting on the growing evidence base; promoting arts engagement at the individual, local and national levels; and supporting cross-sectoral collaboration.
Download or read book The Origins of Music written by Nils L. Wallin and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2001-07-27 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book can be viewed as representing the birth of evolutionary biomusicology. What biological and cognitive forces have shaped humankind's musical behavior and the rich global repertoire of musical structures? What is music for, and why does every human culture have it? What are the universal features of music and musical behavior across cultures? In this groundbreaking book, musicologists, biologists, anthropologists, archaeologists, psychologists, neuroscientists, ethologists, and linguists come together for the first time to examine these and related issues. The book can be viewed as representing the birth of evolutionary biomusicology—the study of which will contribute greatly to our understanding of the evolutionary precursors of human music, the evolution of the hominid vocal tract, localization of brain function, the structure of acoustic-communication signals, symbolic gesture, emotional manipulation through sound, self-expression, creativity, the human affinity for the spiritual, and the human attachment to music itself. Contributors Simha Arom, Derek Bickerton, Steven Brown, Ellen Dissanayake, Dean Falk, David W. Frayer, Walter Freeman, Thomas Geissmann, Marc D. Hauser, Michel Imberty, Harry Jerison, Drago Kunej, François-Bernard Mâche, Peter Marler, Björn Merker, Geoffrey Miller, Jean Molino, Bruno Nettl, Chris Nicolay, Katharine Payne, Bruce Richman, Peter J.B. Slater, Peter Todd, Sandra Trehub, Ivan Turk, Maria Ujhelyi, Nils L. Wallin, Carol Whaling
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Creative Arts Health and Wellbeing written by Stephen Clift and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2016 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing interest internationally in the contributions which the creative arts can make to wellbeing and health in both healthcare and community settings. A timely addition to the field, this book discusses the role the creative arts have in addressing some of the most pressing public health challenges faced today. Providing an evidence-base and recommendations for a wide audience, this is an essential resource for anyone involved with this increasingly important component of public health practice.
Download or read book Music in Everyday Life written by Tia DeNora and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-06-08 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The power of music to influence mood, create scenes, routines and occasions is widely recognised and this is reflected in a strand of social theory from Plato to Adorno that portrays music as an influence on character, social structure and action. There have, however, been few attempts to specify this power empirically and to provide theoretically grounded accounts of music's structuring properties in everyday experience. Music in Everyday Life uses a series of ethnographic studies - an aerobics class, karaoke evenings, music therapy sessions and the use of background music in the retail sector - as well as in-depth interviews to show how music is a constitutive feature of human agency. Drawing together concepts from psychology, sociology and socio-linguistics it develops a theory of music's active role in the construction of personal and social life and highlights the aesthetic dimension of social order and organisation in late modern societies.
Download or read book Why We Read Fiction written by Lisa Zunshine and published by Ohio State University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why We Read Fiction offers a lucid overview of the most exciting area of research in contemporary cognitive psychology known as "Theory of Mind" and discusses its implications for literary studies. It covers a broad range of fictional narratives, from Richardson s Clarissa, Dostoyevski's Crime and Punishment, and Austen s Pride and Prejudice to Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway, Nabokov's Lolita, and Hammett s The Maltese Falcon. Zunshine's surprising new interpretations of well-known literary texts and popular cultural representations constantly prod her readers to rethink their own interest in fictional narrative. Written for a general audience, this study provides a jargon-free introduction to the rapidly growing interdisciplinary field known as cognitive approaches to literature and culture.
Download or read book Music and Public Health written by Lars Ole Bonde and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Nordic countries (Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland) comes an exciting source of theoretical approaches, epidemiological findings, and real-life examples regarding the therapeutic and health-enhancing effects of music. Experts across fields including psychology, neurology, music therapy, medicine, and public health review research on the benefits of music in relieving physiological, psychological, and socioemotional dysfunction. Chapters link musical experiences (listening and performing, as well as involvement in movement, dance, and theatre) to a wide range of clinical and non-clinical objectives such as preventing isolation, regulating mood, reducing stress and its symptoms, and treating dementia. And the book’s section on innovative music-based interventions illustrates opportunities for incorporating musical activities into public health programs. Among the topics covered are: · Associations between the use of music, cultural participation and health-related outcomes in adult Scandinavian populations · Music practice and emotion handling · How music translates itself biologically in the body · Music as a forum for social-emotional health · Participation and partnership as core concepts in music and public health · Music therapy as health promotion for mothers and children at a public health clinic Music and Public Health will gain interested readers among researchers, teachers, students, and clinicians in the fields of music education and therapy, as well as researchers and students of public health who are interested in the influence of culture and the arts. The book also will be relevant to administrators in public health services.
Download or read book The Origins of Musicality written by Henkjan Honing and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interdisciplinary perspectives on the capacity to perceive, appreciate, and make music. Research shows that all humans have a predisposition for music, just as they do for language. All of us can perceive and enjoy music, even if we can't carry a tune and consider ourselves “unmusical.” This volume offers interdisciplinary perspectives on the capacity to perceive, appreciate, and make music. Scholars from biology, musicology, neurology, genetics, computer science, anthropology, psychology, and other fields consider what music is for and why every human culture has it; whether musicality is a uniquely human capacity; and what biological and cognitive mechanisms underlie it. Contributors outline a research program in musicality, and discuss issues in studying the evolution of music; consider principles, constraints, and theories of origins; review musicality from cross-cultural, cross-species, and cross-domain perspectives; discuss the computational modeling of animal song and creativity; and offer a historical context for the study of musicality. The volume aims to identify the basic neurocognitive mechanisms that constitute musicality (and effective ways to study these in human and nonhuman animals) and to develop a method for analyzing musical phenotypes that point to the biological basis of musicality. Contributors Jorge L. Armony, Judith Becker, Simon E. Fisher, W. Tecumseh Fitch, Bruno Gingras, Jessica Grahn, Yuko Hattori, Marisa Hoeschele, Henkjan Honing, David Huron, Dieuwke Hupkes, Yukiko Kikuchi, Julia Kursell, Marie-Élaine Lagrois, Hugo Merchant, Björn Merker, Iain Morley, Aniruddh D. Patel, Isabelle Peretz, Martin Rohrmeier, Constance Scharff, Carel ten Cate, Laurel J. Trainor, Sandra E. Trehub, Peter Tyack, Dominique Vuvan, Geraint Wiggins, Willem Zuidema
Download or read book Arts and Health written by Stephen Clift and published by Emerald Group Pub Limited. This book was released on 2005-09-01 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Begins with a valuable overview of the research challenge facing advocates of arts and health work and is followed by two qualitative evaluations of local arts and health initiatives in different parts of the UK. Together these papers show the kind of qualitative approach that has generally been adopted in evaluating community arts for health initiatives - and signal the need perhaps for larger scale, longer-term and more controlled studies. A review follows and focuses on dance therapy and Tai Chi for people affected by arthritis offers a possible goal for research in arts and health. The final article highlights the role of creative and arts-based activities in promoting more happiness in schools. Originally published as Health Education (2005, Vol.105, No.5)
Download or read book Language Music and the Brain written by Michael A. Arbib and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-06-28 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A presentation of music and language within an integrative, embodied perspective of brain mechanisms for action, emotion, and social coordination. This book explores the relationships between language, music, and the brain by pursuing four key themes and the crosstalk among them: song and dance as a bridge between music and language; multiple levels of structure from brain to behavior to culture; the semantics of internal and external worlds and the role of emotion; and the evolution and development of language. The book offers specially commissioned expositions of current research accessible both to experts across disciplines and to non-experts. These chapters provide the background for reports by groups of specialists that chart current controversies and future directions of research on each theme. The book looks beyond mere auditory experience, probing the embodiment that links speech to gesture and music to dance. The study of the brains of monkeys and songbirds illuminates hypotheses on the evolution of brain mechanisms that support music and language, while the study of infants calibrates the developmental timetable of their capacities. The result is a unique book that will interest any reader seeking to learn more about language or music and will appeal especially to readers intrigued by the relationships of language and music with each other and with the brain. Contributors Francisco Aboitiz, Michael A. Arbib, Annabel J. Cohen, Ian Cross, Peter Ford Dominey, W. Tecumseh Fitch, Leonardo Fogassi, Jonathan Fritz, Thomas Fritz, Peter Hagoort, John Halle, Henkjan Honing, Atsushi Iriki, Petr Janata, Erich Jarvis, Stefan Koelsch, Gina Kuperberg, D. Robert Ladd, Fred Lerdahl, Stephen C. Levinson, Jerome Lewis, Katja Liebal, Jônatas Manzolli, Bjorn Merker, Lawrence M. Parsons, Aniruddh D. Patel, Isabelle Peretz, David Poeppel, Josef P. Rauschecker, Nikki Rickard, Klaus Scherer, Gottfried Schlaug, Uwe Seifert, Mark Steedman, Dietrich Stout, Francesca Stregapede, Sharon Thompson-Schill, Laurel Trainor, Sandra E. Trehub, Paul Verschure
Download or read book Handbook of Music and Emotion written by Patrik N. Juslin and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-03-17 with total page 1983 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Music's ability to express and arouse emotions is a mystery that has fascinated both experts and laymen at least since ancient Greece. The predecessor to this book 'Music and Emotion' (OUP, 2001) was critically and commercially successful and stimulated much further work in this area. In the years since publication of that book, empirical research in this area has blossomed, and the successor to 'Music and Emotion' reflects the considerable activity in this area. The Handbook of Music and Emotion offers an 'up-to-date' account of this vibrant domain. It provides comprehensive coverage of the many approaches that may be said to define the field of music and emotion, in all its breadth and depth. The first section offers multi-disciplinary perspectives on musical emotions from philosophy, musicology, psychology, neurobiology, anthropology, and sociology. The second section features methodologically-oriented chapters on the measurement of emotions via different channels (e.g., self report, psychophysiology, neuroimaging). Sections three and four address how emotion enters into different aspects of musical behavior, both the making of music and its consumption. Section five covers developmental, personality, and social factors. Section six describes the most important applications involving the relationship between music and emotion. In a final commentary, the editors comment on the history of the field, summarize the current state of affairs, as well as propose future directions for the field. The only book of its kind, The Handbook of Music and Emotion will fascinate music psychologists, musicologists, music educators, philosophers, and others with an interest in music and emotion (e.g., in marketing, health, engineering, film, and the game industry). It will be a valuable resource for established researchers in the field, a developmental aid for early-career researchers and postgraduate research students, and a compendium to assist students at various levels. In addition, as with its predecessor, it will also attract interest from practising musicians and lay readers fascinated by music and emotion.
Download or read book Group Performance written by Bernard A. Nijstad and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2009-06-22 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People interact and perform in group settings in all areas of life. Organizations and businesses are increasingly structuring work around groups and teams. Every day, we work in groups such as families, friendship groups, societies and sports teams, to make decisions and plans, solve problems, perform physical tasks, generate creative ideas, and more. Group Performance outlines the current state of social psychological theories and findings concerning the performance of groups. It explores the basic theories surrounding group interaction and development and investigates how groups affect their members. Bernard A. Nijstad discusses these issues in relation to the many different tasks that groups may perform, including physical tasks, idea generation and brainstorming, decision-making, problem-solving, and making judgments and estimates. Finally, the book closes with an in-depth discussion of teamwork and the context in which groups interact and perform. Offering an integrated approach, with particular emphasis on the interplay between group members, the group task, interaction processes and context, this book provides a state-of-the-art overview of social psychological theory and research. It will be highly valuable to undergraduates, graduates and researchers in social psychology, organizational behavior and business.
Download or read book An Introduction to Music Therapy written by William Barron Davis and published by McGraw-Hill Humanities, Social Sciences & World Languages. This book was released on 1999 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an overview of the music therapy profession, introducing the basic concepts of music therapy, investigating the clinical populations most often served by music therapists, and providing information about accountability, research, and future trends.
Download or read book The Power of Music written by Prof Susan Hallam Mbe and published by International Music Education Research Centre (Imerc) Press. This book was released on 2015-01-21 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is accruing evidence which indicates that actively making music can contribute to the enhancement of a range of non-musical skills and lead to other beneficial outcomes. Research continues to explore the circumstances under which these benefits may occur. A recent review of the evidence from neuroscience suggests that early engagement may be important (before the age of seven), the length of musical engagement and commitment to it, the type of training, and the instrument learned. The quality of teaching is also crucial as to whether any benefits are realised. When teaching is poor there may be no benefits and negative outcomes. The common characteristics of musical programmes which are beneficial are emerging. They need to be highly interactive and enjoyable with opportunities for: developing new skills and performing; acquiring cultural capital; developing interpersonal bonds and solidarity in pursuing shared goals; on-going intensity and frequency of contact; developing mutual respect; and recognition and rewards for excellence. Receiving positive affirmation from others relating to musical activities, particularly performance is crucial in enhancing self-beliefs whatever the age of the participants. If performances are in high status cultural venues the impact is enhanced. The research undertaken to date suggests that: active engagement with making music should start early for the greatest benefits to be realised; engagement needs to be sustained over a long period of time to maximise the benefits; the activities need to include group work; opportunities need to be available for performance; the quality of teaching needs to be high; the curriculum needs to be broadly based including activities related to pitch and rhythm, singing, instrumental work, composition and improvisation, and the reading of notation; to have a positive impact on disaffected and at-risk young people, the musical activities need to be in a genre with which they can relate.
