Download or read book The Effects of Microstructure on Shear Properties of Shallow Marine Sediments written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was undertaken to investigate the implication of geoacoustic behaviors in the shallow marine sediments associated with the changes in geotechnical index properties. Two piston cores (270cm and 400cm in core length) used in this study were recovered from stations 1 and 2, the western continental margin, the East Sea. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to illustrate the effects of microstructure on shear properties. The direct SEM observation of sediment fabrics is inevitable to understand the correlation of the changes in geoacoustic properties to the sediment structure. The consolidation of sediments by overburden stress resulting in the clay fabric alteration appears to play an important role in changing shear properties. Water contents and porosity of sediments gradually decreases with increasing depth, whereas wet bulk density shows a reverse trend. It is interesting to note that shear wave velocities increase rapidly from 8 to 20 m/s while compressional wave velocities significantly fluctuate, ranging from 1450 to 1550 m/s with depth. The fabric changes in sediment with increasing depth for example, uniform grain size and well oriented clay fabrics may cause the shear strength increase from 1 to 12 kPa. Shear wave velocity is, therefore, shown to be very sensitive to the changes in undrained strength for unconsolidated marine sediments. This correlation allows an in-situ estimation of shear stress in the subsurface from shear wave velocity data.
Download or read book Microstructure of Fine Grained Sediments written by Richard Harold Bennett and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of basic clay microstructure is fundamental to an understanding of the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of fine-grained sediments and rocks. This compilation of fifty-nine peer-reviewed papers examines clay microstructure in detail with comprehensive sections focusing on microstructure signatures, environmental processes, modeling, measurement techniques, and future research recommendations. Many of these topics are discussed in light of geological and engineering applications, such as hazardous waste disposal, construction techniques, and drilling programs. The field of clay microstructure is developing rapidly. The concepts, observations, and principles presented in this book will help stimulate new thought and be a "spring board" for exciting new research.
Download or read book Deep Sea Sediments written by Anton Inderbitzen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of its continuing program to stimulate superior basic research in the marine environment, the Office of Naval Research, Ocean Science and Technology Division, sponsored a series of closed seminar-workshops in 1972-1973. Each seminar focused upon one re search area of marine geology which is relatively new and in need of a critical evaluation and accelerated support. The subjects areas chosen for the seminars were: 1. natural gases in marine sediments and their mode of distribution, 2. nephelometry and the optical properties of ocean waters, 3. physical and engineering properties of deep-sea sediments, and 4. physics of sound in marine sediments. The objectives of each seminar-workshop were to bring into sharper focus the state-of-the-science within each subject area, to effect some degree of coordination among the investigators working within each of these areas and to provide the Ocean Science and Technology Division guidance for national program support. This volume.contains most of the papers presented at the semi nar on the physical and engineering properties of deep-sea sediments. The seminar was held at Airlie House, Airlie, Virginia on April 24- 27, 1973 and was organized and chaired by A. Inderbitzen. The at tendees were invited from among the leading investigators in this field from both the engineering and scientific disciplines. Each attendee was requested to prepare a paper within his area of spe ciality.
Download or read book Shear Waves in Marine Sediments written by J.M Hovem and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shear waves and closely related interface waves (Rayleigh, Stoneley and Scholte) play an important role in many areas of engineering, geophysics and underwater acoustics. In some cases interest is focused on large-amplitude waves of low frequency such as those associ ated with earthquakes and nuclear explosions; in other cases low amplitude waves, which have often travelled great distances through the sediment, are of interest. Both low and high frequency shear and interface waves are often used for seafloor probing and sediment characterization. As a result of the wide spectrum of different interests, different disciplines have developed lines of research and a literature particularly suited to their own problems. For example water-column acousticians view the seafloor sediment as the lower boundary of their domain and are interested in shear and interface waves in the near bottom sediments mainly from the standpoint of how they influence absorption and reflection at this boundary. On the other hand, geophysicists seeking deep oil deposits are interested in the maximum penetration into the sediments and the tell-tale characteristics of the seismic waves that have encountered potential oil or gas bearing strata. In another area, geotechnical engineers use shear and interface waves to study soil properties necessary for the design and the siting of seafloor structures.
Download or read book Environmental Effects on Engineering Properties of Deep Ocean Sediments written by E. Vey and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of the environmental pressure on the consolidation and shear strength characteristics of deep ocean soils was investigated. Consolidation, direct shear and vane shear tests were performed on remolded specimens of soils dredged from the ocean bottom. These tests were conducted in sea water within pressure chambers at hydrostatic environmental pressures up to 10,000 psi and at temperatures of 1 to 3C, the temperature of the deep ocean. These tests were conducted on completely remolded deep ocean specimens which had a soil structure different from the in situ structure. Therefore, the results obtained may differ for the same soils in the natural state. (Author).
Download or read book Strength Testing of Marine Sediments written by Ronald C. Chaney and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1985 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philadelphia, PA : ASTM, 1985.
Download or read book Microstructure of Fine Grained Sediments written by Richard H. Bennett and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-12-31 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of basic clay microstructure is fundamental to an understanding of the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of fine-grained sediments and rocks. This compilation of fifty-nine peer-reviewed papers examines clay microstructure in detail with comprehensive sections focusing on microstructure signatures, environmental processes, modeling, measurement techniques, and future research recommendations. Many of these topics are discussed in light of geological and engineering applications, such as hazardous waste disposal, construction techniques, and drilling programs. The field of clay microstructure is developing rapidly. The concepts, observations, and principles presented in this book will help stimulate new thought and be a "spring board" for exciting new research.
Download or read book Microstructure of Fine Grained Sediments written by Richard H. Bennett and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-05-29 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of basic clay microstructure is fundamental to an understanding of the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of fine-grained sediments and rocks. This compilation of fifty-nine peer-reviewed papers examines clay microstructure in detail with comprehensive sections focusing on microstructure signatures, environmental processes, modeling, measurement techniques, and future research recommendations. Many of these topics are discussed in light of geological and engineering applications, such as hazardous waste disposal, construction techniques, and drilling programs. The field of clay microstructure is developing rapidly. The concepts, observations, and principles presented in this book will help stimulate new thought and be a "spring board" for exciting new research.
Download or read book Geotechnical Properties of Deep Sea Sediments written by P. J. Schultheiss and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microstructure of Fine Grained Sediments written by W.A. Chiou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of basic clay microstructure is fundamental to an understanding of the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of fine-grained sediments and rocks. This compilation of fifty-nine peer-reviewed papers examines clay microstructure in detail with comprehensive sections focusing on microstructure signatures, environmental processes, modeling, measurement techniques, and future research recommendations. Many of these topics are discussed in light of geological and engineering applications, such as hazardous waste disposal, construction techniques, and drilling programs. The field of clay microstructure is developing rapidly. The concepts, observations, and principles presented in this book will help stimulate new thought and be a "spring board" for exciting new research.
Download or read book Physics of Sound in Marine Sediments written by Loyd Hampton and published by Springer. This book was released on 1974 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phenomenon of sound transmissions through marine sediments is of extreme interest to both the United States civilian and Navy research communities. Both communities have conducted research within the field of this phenomenon approaching it from different perspectives. The academic research community has approached it as a technique for studying sedimentary and crustal structures of the ocean basins. The Navy research community has approached it as an additional variable in the predictability of sound trans mission through oceanic waters. In order to join these diverse talents, with the principal aim of bringing into sharp focus the state-of-the-science in the problems relating to the behavior of sound in marine sediments, the Office of Naval Research organized and sponsored an invited symposium on this subject. The papers published in this volume are the results of this symposium and mark the frontiers in the state-of-the-art. The symposia series were based on five research areas identified by ONR as being particularly suitable for critical review and for the appraisal of future research trends. These areas include: 1. Physics of Sound in Marine Sediments, 2. Physical and Engineering Properties of Deep-Sea Sediments, 3. The Role of Bottom Currents in Sea Floor Geological Processes, 4. Nephelometry and the Optical Properties of the Ocean I'laters, S. Natural Gases in Marine Sediments and Their Mode of Distribution. These five areas also form some of the research priorities of the ONR program in Marine Geology and Geophysics.
Download or read book Effects of Ocean Disposal of Wastes on Properties of Marine Sediments written by S. Pamukcu and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean disposal of waste products exerts significant influence on physical properties of marine sediments. Little has been done to assess some of the long-term implications of ocean dumping or spilling of chemical compounds on the depositional and physical properties of sediments. In this research the effects of three such materials on depositional characteristics, microstructure, and some index properties of laboratory prepared marine clays were studied.
Download or read book Marine Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Effects on Engineering Properties of Deep Ocean Sediments written by E. Vey and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The environmental effects of the deep ocean were investigated in consolidation, direct shear, and vane shear tests on four ocean bottom sediments. Tests were performed in sea water environment within pressure chambers to create hydrostatic environmental pressures up to 10,000 psi. The pressure chambers were also refrigerated to provide the required 1 to 3C environmental temperature. The direct shear tests indicated that there was a decrease in shear strength with increased environmental pressures for fine grained soils at high void ratios. The vane shear tests showed an increase in shear strength with an increase in environmental pressure for the more plastic soil and a decrease in strength with an increase in environmental pressure for the less plastic soil. The consolidation tests showed no effects that could be attributed to the environmental conditions. However, the apparatus was not sensitive enough to measure effects on loose sediments under small loads. Such effects might be expected to occur based on the shear test results.
Download or read book The Effect of Varying the Parameters of Vane Shear Tests of Marine Sediments written by James Charles Singler and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The consequences resulting from varying the parameters of the vane shear test (used to determine the shear strength of marine sediments) were investigated. Experiment showed that larger ratios of container diameter to vane diameter yield more accurate shear strengths. It was also shown that the four-bladed vane produced the best results. Finally, rates of rotation of one and two revolutions per hour were found to give accurate values of shear strength, while higher rates of rotation proved to be unsatisfactory. (Author).
Download or read book Frontiers in Sedimentary Geology Microstructure of Fine Grained Sediments from Mud to Shale written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive cross section of recent research and present concepts of basic and applied studies on the clay microstructure of fine grained sediments and argillaceous rocks. The book is a compilation of peer- reviewed technical papers, most of which were presented at an international symposium-workshop entitled 'The Clay Microstructure of Fine-Grained Terrigenous Marine Sediments: From Muds to Shale, ' convened at NORDA in 1988. The theme of the symposium focused on: (1) the fundamental role of microstructure (microfabric and physiochemistry) as a determinant of fine-grained sediment properties; (2) the significance of microstructure to diagenetic, mass physical and mechanical, static, dynamic, and geoacoustic properties, and to microscale sedimentary features; and (3) the relationship and importance of these factors to basic research and applied problems. The book is organized into three major sections basic clay microstructure, applied clay microstructure, and future research directions and recommendations. The contents of these major comprehensive sections focus on the following topics: microstructure signatures, environmental processes, modeling measurements and techniques, and applications. Applications not only includes geology, sedimentology, and the oil and gas industry, but also waste disposal, groundwater contamination, preservation, biology, chemistry, ceramics, agriculture, and at least another dozen other fields.
Download or read book Environmental Effects on Engineering Properties of Deep Ocean Sediments written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
