Download or read book The Effects of Maternal Employment and Marital Status on Health Care of Children written by Gong Soog Hong and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Causal Effects of Maternal Employment Attributes on Family Health Outcomes and Health Disparities written by Megan Elizabeth Shepherd-Banigan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Socioeconomic disparities in maternal and child health are well-known, widespread problems in the US. A high proportion of women with young children participate in the labor force making maternal employment attributes, such as income, leave benefits, workplace flexibility, and stress potential determinants of maternal and child health inequalities. This dissertation research examined the contribution of maternal employment attributes to family health outcomes and disparities, including adolescent health, maternal depressive symptoms, and pediatric preventive service utilization. To examine the effect of maternal paid leave (sick and vacation) and work intensity on pediatric preventive care among children aged 0-17, we used data from the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey and the National Health Interview Survey (years 2007-2010) and applied instrumental variable techniques. Our results demonstrate that paid sick leave may influence compliance with several preventive care services for children, including well-child visits, dental care and receipt of the influenza vaccine. Paid sick leave predicted an increase in the marginal probability of complying with recommended well-child visits (0.13; 95% CI: 0.032, 0.23), dental exams (0.31; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.47), preventive dental care (0.30; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.50), and influenza vaccines (0.17; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.27). To study the relationship between maternal employment attributes and maternal depressive symptoms among women with very young children, we examined data from the NICHD (National Institute of Child Health and Development) Early Child Care and Youth Development Study (SECCYD) (years 1991-2005). Results from individual fixed effects analyses suggest that some employment attributes may predict depressive symptoms. Women who worked from home reported a statistically significant decrease in depression scores over time (â=-1.60, SE=0.53, p=0.002). Women who reported a one-unit increase in job concerns experienced, on average, a 2-point increase in depression scores over time (â=1.91, SE=0.43, p0.01). Finally, we used data from the NICHD SECCYD and endogenous treatment effect models to assess the influence of cumulative maternal income (between birth and 3rd grade) on adolescent health and development. We found no evidence that cumulative maternal income predicted adolescent outcomes. However, other components of the early family environment were related to specific outcomes. A one-unit increase in family socioeconomic status was associated with a 0.05 point decrease in the probability of being overweight or obese at age 15. High work intensity (more periods of employment over time and more hours worked per week) and high birth weight (4,000 grams) were also associated with a 0.09 and 0.10 point increase in the probability of being overweight or obese at age 15, respectively. Higher levels of health endowment were predictive of improved adolescent outcomes at age 15, including better health status, fewer behavioral problems, and no tobacco use. Parental marital status (being married) and White race/ethnicity were also protective against risk-taking. Results from this dissertation research suggest that maternal employment attributes exert real and important influences on family health. Our research highlights the effects of specific attributes, including paid sick leave, schedule control and flexibility, supportive work environments, and work intensity on various maternal and child health outcomes. These findings suggest that policies to assure adequate access to leave and flexible working hours and locations might ease the challenges faced by working families.

Download or read book Maternal Employment and Children s Development written by Adele Eskeles Gottfried and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a review written in 1979, I noted that there was a paucity of research examining the effects of maternal employment on the infant and young child and also that longitudinal studies of the effects of maternal em ployment were needed (Hoffman, 1979). In the last 10 years, there has been a flurry of research activity focused on the mother's employment during the child's early years, and much of this work has been longi tudinal. All of the studies reported in this volume are at least short-term longitudinal studies, and most of them examine the effects of maternal employment during the early years. The increased focus on maternal employment during infancy is not a response to the mandate of that review but rather reflects the new employment patterns in the United States. In March 1985, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 49.4% of married women with children less than a year old were employed outside the home (Hayghe, 1986). This figure is up from 39% in 1980 and more than double the rate in 1970. By now, most mothers of children under 3 are in the labor force.

Download or read book Maternal Employment and Child Health written by Yana van der Meulen Rodgers and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As women's labor force participation has risen around the globe, scholarly and policy discourse on the ramifications of this employment growth has intensified. This book explores the links between maternal employment and child health using an international perspective that is grounded in economic theory and rigorous empirical methods. Women's labor-market activity affects child health largely because their paid work raises household income, which strengthens families' abilities to finance healthcare needs and nutritious food; however, time away from children could counteract some of the benefits of higher socioeconomic status that spring from maternal employment. New evidence based on data from nine South and Southeast Asian countries illuminates the potential tradeoff between the benefits and challenges families contend with in the face of women's labor-market activity. This book provides new, original evidence on links between maternal employment and children's health using data associated with three indicators of children's nutritional status: birth size, stunting, and wasting. Results support the implementation and enforcement of policy interventions that bolster women's advancement in the labor market and reduce undernutrition among children. Scholars, students, policymakers and all those with an interest in nutritional science, gender, economics of the family, or development economies will find the methodology and original results expounded here both useful and informative.

Download or read book Work Family Health and Well Being written by Suzanne M. Bianchi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-04-21 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work, Family, Health, and Well-Being grew out of a conference held in Washington, D.C. in June 2003 on "Workforce/Workplace Mismatch: Work, Family, Health, and Well-Being" sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The text considers multiple dimensions of health and well-being for workers and their families, children, and communities. Investigations into the socioeconomic gradient in health within broad occupational categories have raised important questions about the role of specific working conditions versus the role of conditions of employment such as wages and level of job security afforded a worker and his/her family in affecting health outcomes. Organized into seven parts, this text: *provides an overview of changes in work and family time and time use; *dedicates a section focusing specifically on employers and workplaces; *explores disciplinary perspectives on work, family, health, and well-being; *focuses on the most studied work and family nexus, the interrelationship between parental employment, especially maternal employment and the child's well-being; *examines gender differences in the division of labor, the effect of marriage on health, the shifting nature of care-giving throughout life, and the role of work on various health and well-being outcomes; *explores occupational health literature; and *focuses on the unique work-family issues faced by low-income families and workers in low-wage jobs. This book appeals to anyone in the fields of psychology, sociology, family studies, demographics, economics, anthropology, and social work.

Download or read book First year Maternal Employment and Child Development in the First 7 Years written by Jeanne Brooks-Gunn and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mothers at Work written by Lois Hoffman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: records.

Download or read book Maternal Employment and Child Adjustment written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Early maternal employment and family wellbeing written by Pinka Chatterji and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study uses longitudinal data from the NICHD Study on Early Child Care (SECC) to examine the effects of maternal employment on family well-being, measured by maternal mental and overall health, parenting stress, and parenting quality. First, we estimate the effects of maternal employment on these outcomes measured when children are 6 months old. Next, we use dynamic panel data models to examine the effects of maternal employment on family outcomes during the first 4.5 years of children's lives. Among mothers of six month old infants, maternal work hours are positively associated with depressive symptoms and self-reported parenting stress, and negatively associated with self-rated overall health among mothers. Compared to mothers who are on leave 3 months after childbirth, mothers who are working full-time score 22 percent higher on the CES-D scale of depressive symptoms. However, maternal employment is not associated with the quality of parenting at 6 months, based on trained assessors' observations of maternal sensitivity. Moreover, during the first 4.5 years of life as a whole, we find only weak evidence that maternal work hours are associated with maternal health, and no evidence that maternal employment is associated with parenting stress and quality. We find that unobserved heterogeneity is an important factor in modeling family outcomes.

Download or read book Research Issues Related to the Effects of Maternal Employment on Children written by Society for Research in Child Development and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Working Families and Growing Kids written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-15 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An informative mix of data and discussion, this book presents conclusions and recommendations for policies that can respond to the new conditions shaping America's working families. Among the family and work trends reviewed: Growing population of mothers with young children in the workforce. Increasing reliance of nonparental child care. Growing challenges of families on welfare. Increased understanding of child and adolescent development. Included in this comprehensive review of the research and data on family leave, child care, and income support issues are: the effects of early child care and school age child care on child development, the impacts of family work policies on child and adolescent well-being and family functioning, the impacts of family work policies on child and adolescent well-being and family functioning the changes to federal and state welfare policy, the emergence of a 24/7 economy, the utilization of paid family leave, and an examination of the ways parental employment affects children as they make their way through childhood and adolescence. The book also evaluates the support systems available to working families, including family and medical leave, child care options, and tax policies. The committee's conclusions and recommendations will be of interest to anyone concerned with issues affecting the working American family, especially policy makers, program administrators, social scientists, journalist, private and public sector leaders, and family advocates.

Download or read book Publicly Provided Health Insurance Maternal Employment and Child Health written by Haiyong Liu and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a comprehensive data set from the 1999 National Survey of America's Families (NSAF), this study analyzes the effects of public health coverage and maternal employment on children's health outcomes among the single-mother families. The estimation strategy accounts for the potential endogeneity of a mother's employment status and choice of health insurance coverage for her children. Results suggest that the effectiveness gap between the publicly provided health insurance and employer provided coverage is still sizable. More importantly, the time constraint imposed by maternal employment has negative effects on children's health outcomes especially at early stages of their lives.

Download or read book Health Insurance is a Family Matter written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-09-18 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health Insurance is a Family Matter is the third of a series of six reports on the problems of uninsurance in the United Sates and addresses the impact on the family of not having health insurance. The book demonstrates that having one or more uninsured members in a family can have adverse consequences for everyone in the household and that the financial, physical, and emotional well-being of all members of a family may be adversely affected if any family member lacks coverage. It concludes with the finding that uninsured children have worse access to and use fewer health care services than children with insurance, including important preventive services that can have beneficial long-term effects.

Download or read book How Maternal Employment Affects the Personality Adjustment and Mental Health of Children written by Khan Mariam and published by . This book was released on 2023-03-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maternal employment can be beneficial for children . The work can result in additional income, provide a positive role model for children and expose children to stimulating and supportive care environments of the child is being care for in a quality setting and, for child can result in increased autonomy and responsibility. Changing parental work Patterns are transforming family ife, among the many transformation that are rapidly taking place in the Indian family ever the last few decades is the paid employment among mothers with children. This change was fuelled by the Women's Movement, which successfully advocated for the equal opportunity of women in the work (Fiedan, ), and by the steady decline in the earning power of employment a necessary for many families (Wilkie; Mished, Bernst Schmit, ). Beginning in the the traditional breadwinner-home lifestyle, which was the norm for middle class married couples, gave w slowly and then with gathering momentum to the dual earner couples, dy which both members work for pay.

Download or read book Maternal Employment written by Catherine Chambliss and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book describes numerous empirical research investigations exploring attitudes toward maternal employment. Large samples of young adults were asked a wide variety of questions about their experiences and plans for the future. The impact of maternal employment on relationships with parents was a particular focus of several of these studies. Several studies also explored the views of adolescents, to see if younger individuals saw things differently. Children from both suburban and urban backgrounds were compared. Parents were also surveyed. Their perceptions of the effects of maternal employment on their own and others' families were assessed. Finally, cross-temporal and cross-cultural examinations were conducted, to examine changes in attitudes over time and place. These studies allow the reader to consider the long-term consequences of maternal employment and to juxtapose empirical findings with conventional assumptions about the impact of maternal employment. Some of the findings are consistent with cultural myths, but other findings sharply contrast with conventional wisdom. Reviewing this research will be helpful to those interested in exploring how their families helped to shape their lives, and those formulating career and family plans. Reading this research may enable them to make more informed personal choices.

Download or read book The Effect of Maternal Employment on Family Well being written by Bezawit Teshome Agiro and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is composed of three essays on the effect of maternal employment on family well-being using data from Early Childhood Longitudinal Study: Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K: 2011). In general, the findings from this study suggest that the effect of maternal employment on children’s weight status and cognitive development is not significant, but it is significant on mothers’ overall health and psychological well-being. The first essay re-examines the effect of maternal employment on child obesity by taking a sample of grade 2 children who had at least one younger sibling from the spring 2013 cohort. The study makes use of a bivariate probit model using exogenous variation in youngest sibling’s eligibility for kindergarten as an instrument for maternal employment. The findings suggest that the effect of maternal employment on child obesity is not significant. The results show that rather than maternal employment, socio-economic status, schooling environment, and lifestyle behaviors including physical exercise and sedentary behavior are factors contributing to child obesity. More specifically, higher socio-economic status and more physical exercise are negatively related to child obesity, while sedentary behavior and free/reduced price school meals are positively related to child obesity. The second essay is devoted to the analysis of the effect of maternal employment on child cognitive outcome. This study uses data from spring 2013 cohort of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study: Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K: 2011). Using instrumental variable regression, the result shows that the effect of maternal employment on children’s cognitive development is not significant. The quality of schooling as measured by teachers’ years of experience and class size as well as socio-economic status are significant factors influencing children’s cognitive outcome. Having more experienced teachers and coming from a higher socio-economic background contributes positively to children’s cognitive outcome, while there is some evidence that smaller class size reduces children’s scores. The third essay investigates the effect of maternal employment on mothers’ overall health and psychological distress. This study makes use of data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study: Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K: 2011) and the U.S Bureau of Labor statistics. For analysis, IV probit regression is used, having state-level unemployment rate as an instrument for maternal employment. The findings of this paper suggest that the effect of mothers’ weekly work hours on mothers’ overall health is positive and significant for the spring third-grade cohort. In addition, there is evidence that the effect of maternal employment on mothers’ overall health and psychological distress differs by type of occupation. Mothers in managerial, professional, and low supervisory jobs are more likely to be psychologically distressed, but also have higher probability of being in good overall health condition, compared to mothers in manual jobs.

Download or read book Society and Health written by Benjamin C. Amick and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1995 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do some families create more healthful environments for their children? How do we explain the health status differences between men and women, blacks and whites, and different communities or cultures? How is stress generated in the workplace? What accounts for the persistent social class differences in mortality rates? Why do societies experience higher rates of mortality after economic recession? Such fundamental questions about the social determinants of health are discussed in depth in this wide-ranging and authoritative book. Well-known contributors from North America and Europe assess the evidence for the diverse ways by which society influences health and provide conceptual frameworks for understanding these relationships. The book opens with a broad review of research on the social environment's contribution to health status and then addresses particular social factors: the family, the community, race, gender, class, the economy, the workplace and culture. The concluding two chapters examine the contribution of medicine to the improved health of Americans and recast the health care policy debate in a broad social policy context.