Download or read book The Effects of Low Intensity Exercise on the Cognitive Processes of Adults Exhibiting Different Personality Types written by Amber L. Travsky and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Exercise and Cognitive Function written by Terry McMorris and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook focuses on the relationship between physical exercise and cognition, a very timely and important topic with major theoretical and practical implications for a number of areas including ageing, neurorehabilitation, depression and dementia. It brings together a wide range of analytical approaches and experimental results to provide a very useful overview and synthesis of this growing field of study. The book is divided into three parts: Part I covers the conceptual, theoretical and methodological underpinnings and issues. Part II focuses on advances in exercise and cognition research, with appropriate sub-sections on ‘acute’ and ‘chronic’ exercise and cognition. Part III presents an overview of the area and makes suggestions for the direction of future research. This text provides a cutting-edge examination of this increasingly important area written by leading experts from around the world. The book will prove invaluable to researchers and practitioners in a number of fields, including exercise science, cognitive science, neuroscience and clinical medicine. Key Features: Unique in-depth investigation of the relationship between physical exercise and brain function. Covers theoretical approaches and experimental results and includes chapters on the latest developments in research design. Examines the effects of both acute and chronic exercise on brain function. International list of contributors, who are leading researchers in their field.

Download or read book Exercise and Its Mediating Effects on Cognition written by Waneen Wyrick Spirduso and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2007 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title seeks to expand on reader's understanding by examining whether and how physical activity could indirectly affect cognitive function by influencing mediators that provide physical and mental resources for cognition.

Download or read book The Effects of Low Intensity Exercise on Neurocognitive Function written by David Cleveland and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acute aerobic exercise exerts a small beneficial effect on cognition. Much of the research to date has focused on cognitive changes following a bout of exercise, while little is currently known about changes in cognitive performance during exercise. The limited research that has been conducted suggests either positive, negative, or no effects on cognitive performance during exercise. Thus, the primary purpose of this study was to examine the effects of low-intensity cycling on cognitive function in college-aged students, indexed by response accuracy, reaction time, P3 amplitude, and P3 latency. Twenty-seven (Mage = 22.9 ± 3.0 years old) college-aged individuals were counterbalanced into low-intensity exercise (EX) and seated control (SC) conditions. During each condition, participants completed a 10-minute resting baseline period, 20 minutes of either sustained cycling or seated rest, and a 20-minute recovery period. Primary outcomes were assessed at 10-minute intervals (5 blocks total) throughout each condition via a modified oddball task. Across time blocks, both conditions exhibited faster reaction times on frequent trials but reduced accuracy to rare trials, suggesting a speed-accuracy tradeoff. There were no differences between conditions in P3 latency whereas a significant reduction in P3 amplitude was observed during the 20-minute exercise period compared to the control condition. Taken together, the results suggest that exercise at lower doses may have minimal influence on behavioral outcomes of cognitive performance but may impact more basic measures of brain function. Information gathered from this study may aid in the development of appropriate exercise prescriptions for populations looking to specifically target cognitive function deficits.

Download or read book Exercise Cognition Interaction written by Terry McMorris and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exercise-Cognition Interaction: Neuroscience Perspectives is the only book on the market that examines the neuroscientific correlation between exercise and cognitive functioning. The upsurge in research in recent years has confirmed that cognitive-psychology theory cannot account for the effects of exercise on cognition, and both acute and chronic exercise effect neurochemical and psychophysiological changes in the brain that, in turn, affect cognitive functioning. This book provides an overview of the research into these effects, from theoretical research through current studies that emphasize neuroscientific theories and rationales. It addition, users will find a thorough examination of the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive functioning in special populations, including the elderly, children, and those suffering from a variety of diseases, including schizophrenia, diabetes, and an array of neurological disorders. With contributions from leading researchers in the field, this book will be the go-to resource for neuroscientists, psychologists, medical professionals, and other researchers who need an understanding of the role exercise plays in cognitive functioning. Provides a comprehensive account of how exercise affects brain functioning, which in turn affects cognition Covers both theory and empirical research Presents a thorough examination of the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive functioning in special populations, including the elderly, children, and those suffering from a variety of diseases Examines neurochemical, psychophysiological, and genetic factors Covers acute and chronic exercise

Download or read book Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.

Download or read book Enhancing Cognitive Functioning and Brain Plasticity written by Wojtek J. Chodzko-Zajko and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2009 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Enhancing Cognitive Functioning and Brain Plasticity written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Educating the Student Body written by Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-11-13 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.

Download or read book Advances in the Understanding of the Affective and Cognitive Effects of Physical Activity Exercise and Sports written by Chong Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-03-22 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An increasing body of research suggests that physical activity, exercise, and sports enhance a wide range of cognitive and affective wellbeing, including attention, executive functions, memory and learning, creativity, stress resilience, and mental health. Engaging in regular physical activity has also been associated with a reduced risk of many neurological and psychiatric disorders, notably dementia, major depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders. However, firstly, it is still unclear what kind of physical activity, exercise, and sports conducted on how long a timescale brings maximal benefits to a specific outcome for a specific population. Secondly, how findings reported so far can be incorporated into daily practice by the general public and in educational, neurological, and psychiatric contexts remain unaddressed. Thirdly, the underlying psychological, physiological, and neurobiological mechanisms through which physical activity, exercise, and sports promote cognitive and affective wellbeing remain to be clarified. Several potential mechanisms have been proposed, including the activation of the prefrontal cortices and the dopamine and serotonin neurotransmission, the release of neurotrophins, the enhancement of neural plasticity and neurogenesis, and the decrease of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.

Download or read book The Effects of Low Intensity Exercise on the Mental Activity of Adult Men and Women written by Robert E. Dillenburg and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book When I m 64 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-02-13 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By 2030 there will be about 70 million people in the United States who are older than 64. Approximately 26 percent of these will be racial and ethnic minorities. Overall, the older population will be more diverse and better educated than their earlier cohorts. The range of late-life outcomes is very dramatic with old age being a significantly different experience for financially secure and well-educated people than for poor and uneducated people. The early mission of behavioral science research focused on identifying problems of older adults, such as isolation, caregiving, and dementia. Today, the field of gerontology is more interdisciplinary. When I'm 64 examines how individual and social behavior play a role in understanding diverse outcomes in old age. It also explores the implications of an aging workforce on the economy. The book recommends that the National Institute on Aging focus its research support in social, personality, and life-span psychology in four areas: motivation and behavioral change; socioemotional influences on decision-making; the influence of social engagement on cognition; and the effects of stereotypes on self and others. When I'm 64 is a useful resource for policymakers, researchers and medical professionals.

Download or read book Exercise as a Neurobehavioral Therapy for Cognitive Control Deficits in Major Depressive Disorder written by Ryan L. Olson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with a number of symptoms, including cognitive dysfunction and maladaptive ruminative thought patterns. Although consistent evidence indicates that aerobic exercise is beneficial for reducing depressive symptoms in MDD, little is known about the influence of exercise on neurocognitive deficits found in depression. This is important for establishing exercise as a neurobehavioral therapy for depression, that is, an intervention that addresses biological mechanisms believed to underlie the disorder. Here, we investigated whether the N2 and P3 components of the human event-related potential (ERP) could be used to index cognitive impairments in MDD, and whether these neurophysiological measures were correlated with ruminative thought patterns. Although there were no differences in P3 amplitude by depression status, N2 amplitudes were significantly reduced in individuals with MDD relative to healthy controls, indicating that reductions were associated with higher rumination levels. These findings demonstrate that individuals with MDD may experience impaired cognitive control while attending to varying environmental stimuli. Because of our findings related to impaired cognitive control processes, we examined the neurophysiological and behavioral correlates of cognitive control during single bouts of low- and moderate-intensity exercise in healthy young adults to determine if neurocognitive function is modifiable by aerobic exercise. Importantly, acute exercise was shown to modify these ERP components, such that increased N2 and P3 amplitudes were found during exercise at low and moderate intensities relative to rest. Although this study was performed in nondepressed participants, it suggests an upregulation of cognitive control during aerobic exercise that may be maintained through a program of chronic exercise. Finally, we examined the effects of a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise intervention performed three days/week for 8 weeks. The aerobic exercise condition exhibited enhanced cognitive control (i.e., N2 amplitude) and reduced depressive symptoms among individuals with MDD; however, these exercise-induced changes in cognitive control were not found to significantly mediate pre-to-post changes in symptom outcomes. These findings support the use of exercise as a neurobehavioral therapy for MDD and suggest the possibility of incorporating exercise as a stand alone or augmentation strategy for conventional treatments.

Download or read book Enhancing Cognitive Functioning and Brain Plasticity written by Wojtek J. Chodzko-Zajko and published by Human Kinetics Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhancing Cognitive Functioning and Brain Plasticityoffers a synergistic view of the complex role of exercise, physical activity, and intellectual stimulation in the cognitive and brain functioning of older adults. Using the research and implications suggested by the text's contributors, each an expert in his or her respective field, readers will deepen current knowledge and expand their perspectives regarding the influence of exercise and physical activity on the aging brain. As the final text of the three-volume Aging, Exercise, and Cognition series, Enhancing Cognitive Functioning and Brain Plasticityexamines exercise and nonexercise interventions shown to influence cognition and brain plasticity in elderly humans and older animals. The most current research is presented in nine chapters, each with a concluding section to summarize important information and suggest avenues for further study. The text also discusses how state-of-the-art neuroimaging measures, including event-related brain potentials, positron emission tomography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging, are used in the study of individual differences in cognition and brain functioning. Readers interested in the effects of environment on the psychosocial functioning of older adults will find compelling evidence regarding the positive influence of cognitive training and intellectual engagement. The book also discusses the effects of exercise on the reduction of age-related declines in both context-specific skills and broader processes and abilities. Data on the influence of both controlled laboratory interventions and more realistic lifestyle interventions provide a complete look at how to enhance cognitive performance and preserve cognitive function in older adults. With directions for further research suggested throughout the text, Enhancing Cognitive Functioning and Brain Plasticity provides an excellent framework for continued study of aging from psychological and neuroscientific perspectives. The review of literature regarding the effects of exercise on neurocognitive functioning across the life span and presentation of the effects of exercise on performance, learning, and memory add to mounting evidence supporting the role of exercise and physical activity as protective measures against cognitive loss during aging. The text concludes with a thoughtful discussion of when and how the relationship between exercise and physical activity interventions and cognitive improvement could be translated into specific public health recommendations. Featuring the latest research from leading experts compiled into one complete volume, Enhancing Cognitive Functioning and Brain Plasticity shows that a physically active lifestyle contributes significantly to the cognitive functioning of the aging brain. Human Kinetics' Aging, Exercise, and Cognition series presents advanced research and key issues for understanding and researching the links between exercise, aging, and cognition. The three volumes in this series are essential references for cognitive gerontologists, medical and health science researchers, exercise science researchers and professionals, and public health administrators interested in scientific evidence demonstrating the beneficial effects of regular physical activity on cognitive functioning and general health during aging.

Download or read book Adult Development and Aging written by Susan K. Whitbourne and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-04-14 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of the leading textbook on the biopsychosocial processes of aging in adults, fully revised and updated. Adult Development and Aging helps student readers understand the aging process both in themselves and in those around them. Approaching the subject from the biopsychosocial perspective — an innovative model of adult development that takes into account the influences and interactions of complex biological, psychological, and social processes — authors Susan Krauss Whitbourne and Stacey B. Whitbourne explore the latest concepts and applications in this exciting academic discipline. Based on Susan's classroom experience teaching her Psychology of Aging course, this engaging textbook integrates current research, real-world data, detailed explanations, and relatable examples to provide a balanced and accessible examination of the subject. This fully updated and revised seventh edition offers inclusive coverage of recent advances in neuroscience and genetics, cognitive functions, vocational development, sociocultural influences, mental health issues, health and prevention, and much more. "AgeFeeds" provide key information for each chapter, while new graphics, charts, tables, and figures enhance the text's visual appeal and strengthen student comprehension and retention. Acclaimed for its depth, currency, and student-friendly presentation, this popular textbook: Uses a multidisciplinary approach for understanding adult aging and development Offers positive images of aging and the newest and most relevant research in the field Provides new and updated illustrations, references, quizzes, examples, and research Offers practical self-help tips and up-to-date links to online resources Includes extensive supplementary teaching and learning material including a test bank, PowerPoint slides, and an instructor’s manual Adult Development and Aging: Biopsychosocial Perspectives, 7th Editionis an invaluable source of topically relevant information for traditional college-age learners and mature returning students alike, as well as for instructors and academic researchers in areas of adult aging and lifespan development.

Download or read book The Handbook of Stress Science written by Richard Contrada, PhD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2010-09-29 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "[F]or those who are entering the field or who want to broaden their perspective, Ibelieve that this Handbook is indispensible. More than just a contribution to the field, theHandbook may well become a classic."--PsycCRITIQUES "The editors fully achieved their goal of producing a state-of-the-science stress reference for use by investigators, educators, and practitioners with clinical and health interests."--Psycho-Oncology "This is an important book about the scientific study of stress and human adaptation. It brings together both empirical data and theoretical developments that address the fundamental question of how psychosocial variables get inside the body to influence neurobiological processes that culminate in physical disease." From the Foreword by David C. Glass, PhD Emeritus Professor of Psychology Stony Brook University Edited by two leading health psychologists, The Handbook of Stress Science presents a detailed overview of key topics in stress and health psychology. With discussions on how stress influences physical health-including its effects on the nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, and immune systems-the text is a valuable source for health psychologists, as well as researchers in behavioral medicine, neuroscience, genetics, clinical and social psychology, sociology, and public health. This state-of-the-art resource reviews conceptual developments, empirical findings, clinical applications, and investigative strategies and tools from the past few decades of stress research. It represents all major approaches to defining stress and describes the themes and developments that characterize the field of health-related stress research. The five sections of this handbook cover: Current knowledge regarding the major biological structures and systems that are involved in the stress response Social-contextual contributions to stress and to processes of adaptation to stress, including the workplace, socioeconomic status, and social support The concept of cognitive appraisal as it relates to stress and emotion psychological factors influencing stress such as, personality, gender, and adult development The evidence linking stress to health-related behaviors and mental and physical health outcomes Research methods, tools, and strategies, including the principles and techniques of both laboratory experimentation and naturalistic stress research

Download or read book Self efficacy in Sport written by Deborah L. Feltz and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2008 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-belief, known as 'self-efficacy' by sports psychologists is widely believed to be an essential component of sporting success. This volume examines the nature of efficacy as it applies to sporting behaviour in coaches, athletes and teams.