Download or read book The Effects of Hyper inflation on Accounting Ratios written by Geoffrey Whittington and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 370. Local land users and officials often have conflicting perceptions of and responses to land degradation issues. This causes problems for officials in diagnosing and addressing the issue and is a major constraint on the successful implementation of policies and projects to address land degradation. This study looks at the perception and response gap between officials and land users in the diagnosis and remedy of land degradation. It also examines the dynamics of the loss of soil fertility and low productivity at the village level. The study's findings will help shape investment programs to enhance land productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Download or read book The Effects of Hyper inflation on Accounting Ratios written by Geoffrey Whittington and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Hyper Inflation on Accounting Ratios written by Geoffrey Whittington and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hyper-inflation can have a severe distortionary effect on the pattern of corporate finance which is apparent from company accounts. A simple algorithm, based upon the method of inflation accounting applied in Brazil, is developed and applied to the accounts of Turkish listed companies for the period 1982-90. The adjusted figures give a more plausible picture of corporate profitability and growth, and this suggests that the adjustment method is substantially successful. The financing patterns emerging from the adjusted data support the proposition of Singh and Hamid (1992) and Singh (1995) that (a)the corporate sector in developing countries tends to rely more on external finance than on internal finance for growth and (b), among the external sources of funds, it uses new share issues to a surprisingly high degree. Further adjustments to the measurement of the external finance variable for Turkey and other countries also support this proposition. This contradicts the quot;pecking orderquot; hypothesis, which suggests that retained profits are the preferred source of finance, and also runs contrary to the belief that the capital markets of developing countries are inadequate to support substantial corporate growth by external financing, including equity financing.
Download or read book The Distributional Implications of the Impact of Fuel Price Increases on Inflation written by Mr. Kangni R Kpodar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-11-12 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the response of consumer price inflation to changes in domestic fuel prices, looking at the different categories of the overall consumer price index (CPI). We then combine household survey data with the CPI components to construct a CPI index for the poorest and richest income quintiles with the view to assess the distributional impact of the pass-through. To undertake this analysis, the paper provides an update to the Global Monthly Retail Fuel Price Database, expanding the product coverage to premium and regular fuels, the time dimension to December 2020, and the sample to 190 countries. Three key findings stand out. First, the response of inflation to gasoline price shocks is smaller, but more persistent and broad-based in developing economies than in advanced economies. Second, we show that past studies using crude oil prices instead of retail fuel prices to estimate the pass-through to inflation significantly underestimate it. Third, while the purchasing power of all households declines as fuel prices increase, the distributional impact is progressive. But the progressivity phases out within 6 months after the shock in advanced economies, whereas it persists beyond a year in developing countries.
Download or read book Quantitative Easing as a Highway to Hyperinflation written by Imad A. Moosa and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the topical issue of whether the current environment in the US and other major countries, where quantitative easing is used to boost the economy, is conducive to the emergence of hyperinflation. This is a controversial and highly debated issue. Using both economics and history, the author challenges the view that quantitative easing will not lead to hyperinflation and argues that hyperinflation, or at least high inflation, is likely to appear eventually. The book examines all the propositions put forward for and against the eventuality of hyperinflation in the US, using illustrations based on actual and simulated data. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the current fiscal position of the US government, particularly the levels of external debt and unfunded liabilities, will not be rectified without resorting to inflationary financing. The book would be useful not only for policy makers and economists but also for non-specialist observers.
Download or read book Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money written by Milton Friedman and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Financial Crises Explanations Types and Implications written by Mr.Stijn Claessens and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-01-30 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the literature on financial crises focusing on three specific aspects. First, what are the main factors explaining financial crises? Since many theories on the sources of financial crises highlight the importance of sharp fluctuations in asset and credit markets, the paper briefly reviews theoretical and empirical studies on developments in these markets around financial crises. Second, what are the major types of financial crises? The paper focuses on the main theoretical and empirical explanations of four types of financial crises—currency crises, sudden stops, debt crises, and banking crises—and presents a survey of the literature that attempts to identify these episodes. Third, what are the real and financial sector implications of crises? The paper briefly reviews the short- and medium-run implications of crises for the real economy and financial sector. It concludes with a summary of the main lessons from the literature and future research directions.
Download or read book The Great Inflation written by Michael D. Bordo and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-06-28 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlling inflation is among the most important objectives of economic policy. By maintaining price stability, policy makers are able to reduce uncertainty, improve price-monitoring mechanisms, and facilitate more efficient planning and allocation of resources, thereby raising productivity. This volume focuses on understanding the causes of the Great Inflation of the 1970s and ’80s, which saw rising inflation in many nations, and which propelled interest rates across the developing world into the double digits. In the decades since, the immediate cause of the period’s rise in inflation has been the subject of considerable debate. Among the areas of contention are the role of monetary policy in driving inflation and the implications this had both for policy design and for evaluating the performance of those who set the policy. Here, contributors map monetary policy from the 1960s to the present, shedding light on the ways in which the lessons of the Great Inflation were absorbed and applied to today’s global and increasingly complex economic environment.
Download or read book Global Waves of Debt written by M. Ayhan Kose and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.
Download or read book Profitability Accounting Theory and Methodology written by Geoffrey Whittington and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-06-11 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important scholar in the history of accounting, Geoffrey Whittington's numerous articles cover a broad spectrum of the field and are both sharply insightful and extremely significant. He has made important contributions to the topics of inflation accounting, accounting theory and methodology and standard-setting, and he has conducted a number of valuable empirical studies. This remarkable collection pulls together essays and articles and encompasses his work on empirical studies based on company accounts, specification of empirical models, price change accounting, taxation and regulation, and regulation of accounting and auditing. Accompanied by a new introduction and conclusion, this significant volume will be extremely useful for historians of accounting as well as accountancy practitioners and researchers.
Download or read book A History of Big Recessions in the Long Twentieth Century written by Andrés Solimano and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-20 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the array of financial crises, slumps, depressions and recessions that happened around the globe during the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. It covers events including World War I, hyperinflation and market crashes in the 1920s, the Great Depression of the 1930s, stagflation of the 1970s, the Latin American debt crises of the 1980s, the post-socialist transitions in Central Eastern Europe and Russia in the 1990s, and the great financial crisis of 2008-09. In addition to providing wide geographic and historical coverage of episodes of crisis in North America, Europe, Latin America and Asia, the book clarifies basic concepts in the area of recession economics, analysis of high inflation, debt crises, political cycles and international political economy. An understanding of these concepts is needed to comprehend big recessions and slumps that often lead to both political change and the reassessment of prevailing economic paradigms.
Download or read book Financial Reporting and Analysis written by Lawrence Revsine and published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin. This book was released on 2008-06-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial Reporting & Analysis (FR&A) by Revsine/Collins/Johnson/Mittelstaedt emphasizes both the process of financial reporting and the analysis of financial statements. This book employs a true "user" perspective by discussing the contracting and decision implications of accounting and this helps readers understand why accounting choices matter and to whom. Revsine, Collins, Johnson, and Mittelstaedt train their readers to be good financial detectives, able to read, use, and interpret the statements and-most importantly understand how and why managers can utilize the flexibility in GAAP to manipulate the numbers for their own purposes.
Download or read book Value and Profit written by Geoffrey Whittington and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The measurement methods used in financial accounting affect our perception of the value and performance of businesses by determining the amount of reported profit or loss and the resources of the business. Thus, measurement affects shareholders and other stakeholders in the business. It has even been suggested that the world financial crisis of 2007–2010 was partly due to the mis-measurement of financial instruments. In this book, Geoffrey Whittington provides a unique survey of the theory and practice of measurement in financial accounts. It seeks to define and illustrate alternative methods, using simple numerical examples, and to analyse their theoretical properties. Also, it summarises extensive empirical evidence and the historical development of ideas and practice. It is essential reading for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students studying financial accounting, as well as practitioners and policy-makers concerned with accounting standards.
Download or read book Why Inflation Targeting written by Charles Freedman and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second chapter of a forthcoming monograph entitled "On Implementing Full-Fledged Inflation-Targeting Regimes: Saying What You Do and Doing What You Say." We begin by discussing the costs of inflation, including their role in generating boom-bust cycles. Following a general discussion of the need for a nominal anchor, we describe a specific type of monetary anchor, the inflation-targeting regime, and its two key intellectual roots-the absence of long-run trade-offs and the time-inconsistency problem. We conclude by providing a brief introduction to the way in which inflation targeting works.
Download or read book Hyperinflation in Zimbabwe written by Tara McIndoe-Calder and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-16 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the hyperinflation in Zimbabwe in the 2000s. The authors present a full description of the Zimbabwean hyperinflation in its relevant economic, historical and political context. They address parallels with other hyperinflations, discuss the economics of hyperinflation in general and of the Zimbabwean hyperinflation in particular, and provide a money demand estimation using a new dataset. The study concludes with several policy lessons. This book will be of interest to researchers in both social sciences and the humanities, as well as practitioners and policy-makers in development economics, and those in the banking industry.
Download or read book The Liquidation of Government Debt written by Ms.Carmen Reinhart and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-01-21 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High public debt often produces the drama of default and restructuring. But debt is also reduced through financial repression, a tax on bondholders and savers via negative or belowmarket real interest rates. After WWII, capital controls and regulatory restrictions created a captive audience for government debt, limiting tax-base erosion. Financial repression is most successful in liquidating debt when accompanied by inflation. For the advanced economies, real interest rates were negative 1⁄2 of the time during 1945–1980. Average annual interest expense savings for a 12—country sample range from about 1 to 5 percent of GDP for the full 1945–1980 period. We suggest that, once again, financial repression may be part of the toolkit deployed to cope with the most recent surge in public debt in advanced economies.
Download or read book International Journal of Academe and Industry Research written by M. Hafizurrahman and published by Institute of Industry and Academic Research Incorporated. This book was released on 2024-05-31 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Journal of Academe and Industry Research (IJAIR) is an open-access peer-reviewed quarterly journal focused on business education, industry research and the connection between them. The interconnectedness of the industry and academic institutions needs a platform that aligns their respective research needs. From the academic perspective, the business-related program management and the teaching and learning had been dramatically influenced by the industry trends and needs, collaborative approaches and internationalization. From there comes the indispensable role of the industry as they become partners to the academic institutions in producing quality workforce and entrepreneurs. Along these areas are the interesting topics for academic and industry researchers.
