Download or read book The Effects of Evaporation wind Feedback Mid latitude Storms and Stochastic Convective Processes on Tropical Intraseasonal Variability written by Johnny Wei-Bing Lin and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tropical and Extratropical Air Sea Interactions written by Swadhin Kumar Behera and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical and Extratropical Air-Sea Interactions: Modes of Climate Variations provides a thorough introduction to global atmospheric and oceanic processes, as well as tropical, subtropical and mid-latitude ocean-atmosphere interactions. Written by leading experts in the field, each chapter is dedicated to a specific topic of air-sea interactions (such as ENSO, IOD, Atlantic Nino, ENSO Modoki, and newly discovered coastal Niños/Niñas) and their teleconnections. As the first book to cover all topics of tropical and extra-tropical air-sea interactions and new modes of climate variations, this book is an excellent resource for researchers and students of ocean, atmospheric and climate sciences. Presents case studies on the ocean-atmosphere phenomena, including El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole and different Nino/Nina phenomena Provides a clear description of air-sea relationships across the world’s ocean with an analysis of air-sea relations in different time scales and a focus on climate change Includes prospects for air-sea interaction research, thus benefiting young researchers and students
Download or read book Free and Forced Tropical Variability written by Salil Mahajan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wind-Evaporation-Sea Surface Temperature (WES) feedback is believed to play an important role in the tropics, where climate variability is governed by atmosphere-ocean coupled interactions. This dissertation reports on studies to distinctly isolate the WES feedback mechanism over tropical oceans using a modified version of an NCAR-Community Climate Model (CCM3) thermodynamically coupled to a slab ocean model, where the WES feedback is deliberately suppressed in the bulk aerodynamic formulation for surface heat fluxes. A comparison of coupled integrations using the modied WES-off CCM3 to those carried out using the standard CCM3 conclusively identifies the role of the WES feedback in enhancing the inter-annual variability over deep tropical oceans and the westward propagation of the equatorial annual cycle. An important role for near surface humidity in tropical climate variability in enhancing inter-annual variability and in sustaining the equatorial annual cycle is also suggested. Statistical analyses over the tropical Atlantic reveal that the free coupled meridional mode of the Atlantic Ocean is amplied in the presence of the WES feedback. Similar analyses of coupled model integrations, when forced with an articial El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-like SST cycle in tropical Pacic, reveal that only in the presence of the WES feedback is the meridional mode the preferred mode of response of the Atlantic to ENSO forcings. It is also found that WES feedback reinforces the tendency of the ITCZ to stay north of the equator over the Atlantic during El-Niño events. Comparative studies between Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) equivalent imposed northern hemispheric sea-ice experiments with the WES-off model and the standard model indicate a dominant role for the WES feedback in the southward shift of the ITCZ as indicated by paleo-climate records. However, it is found not to be the sole thermodynamic mechanism responsible for the propagation of high latitude cold SST anomalies to the tropics, suggesting signicant roles for other mechanisms in the tropical response to high latitude changes.
Download or read book The Impact of Air sea Interactions on the Simulation of Tropical Intraseasonal Variability written by Kathy Pegion and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deterministic and Stochastic Models of Tropical Climate Variability written by Cristian Martinez-Villalobos and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first part of this thesis studies the low-frequency ocean-atmosphere coupling relevant to describe tropical meridional modes using an analytical framework and simple sensitivity experiments. We consider a simple Gill-Matsuno atmospheric model coupled to a thermodynamic slab ocean model to describe the wind-evaporation-sea surface temperature (WES) feedback. We develop an analytical understanding of the coupled processes responsible for the growth and propagation of meridional mode-like structures by projecting the ocean and steady-state atmosphere equations onto parabolic cylinder functions. By doing this the coupling simplifies to the non-normal interaction of different sea surface temperature (SST) modes mediated by atmospheric Kelvin and Rossby waves. Under a homogeneous coupling the system simplifies to independent, coupled equatorially symmetric and antisymmetric (meridional mode-like) modes, with the following major findings: the non-normal interaction is responsible for a propagation from high latitudes to low latitudes, and this process works similarly for equatorially symmetric and antisymmetric coupled structures. That similarity breaks near the equator where the antisymmetric structure grows through a positive feedback mediated by the first antisymmetric Rossby wave, while the symmetric structure is subjected to a negative WES feedback arising from the atmospheric Kelvin wave interaction. Taken all together this explains why the WES feedback preferentially sustains meridional mode-like structures. The second part of this thesis deals with the stochastic parameterization of tropical climate variability. Although usually seen as arising from slow non-linear interactions, deviations from Gaussianity in the Tropical Pacific may originate through fast variability that may be parameterized as multiplicative noise. We develop and apply a stochastic parameterization that accounts for the Tropical Pacific SSTs deviations from Gaussianity. This model, termed CAM-LIM retains the successful elements of the regular Linear Inverse Model (LIM) but it improves in the representation of the higher order statistical moments. The CAM-LIM is used to correctly model the marginal and conditional probability density functions of the different SST principal components. It is found that the model is successful at describing the observed deviations from Gaussianity such as: it rightfully describes the ratio between positive and negative Niño events, and the frequency of extreme Niño events as well.
Download or read book Oceanic Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997-10 with total page 1070 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book General Circulation Model Development written by David A. Randall and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-07-19 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General Circulation Models (GCMs) are rapidly assuming widespread use as powerful tools for predicting global events on time scales of months to decades, such as the onset of EL Nino, monsoons, soil moisture saturation indices, global warming estimates, and even snowfall predictions. While GCMs have been praised for helping to foretell the current El Nino and its impact on droughts in Indonesia, its full power is only now being recognized by international scientists and governments who seek to link GCMs to help them estimate fish harvests, risk of floods, landslides, and even forest fires. Scientists in oceanography, hydrology, meteorology, and climatology and civil, ocean, and geological engineers perceive a need for a reference on GCM design. In this compilation of information by an internationally recognized group of experts, Professor Randall brings together the knowledge base of the forerunners in theoretical and applied frontiers of GCM development. General Circulation Model Development focuses on the past, present, and future design of numerical methods for general circulation modeling, as well as the physical parameterizations required for their proper implementation. Additional chapters on climate simulation and other applications provide illustrative examples of state-of-the-art GCM design. Key Features * Foreword by Norman Phillips * Authoritative overviews of current issues and ideas on global circulation modeling by leading experts * Retrospective and forward-looking chapters by Akio Arakawa of UCLA * Historical perspectives on the early years of general circulation modeling * Indispensable reference for researchers and graduate students
Download or read book Assessment of Intraseasonal to Interannual Climate Prediction and Predictability written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-09-08 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More accurate forecasts of climate conditions over time periods of weeks to a few years could help people plan agricultural activities, mitigate drought, and manage energy resources, amongst other activities; however, current forecast systems have limited ability on these time- scales. Models for such climate forecasts must take into account complex interactions among the ocean, atmosphere, and land surface. Such processes can be difficult to represent realistically. To improve the quality of forecasts, this book makes recommendations about the development of the tools used in forecasting and about specific research goals for improving understanding of sources of predictability. To improve the accessibility of these forecasts to decision-makers and researchers, this book also suggests best practices to improve how forecasts are made and disseminated.
Download or read book Interacting Climates of Ocean Basins written by Carlos R. Mechoso and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of interactions between the climates of different ocean basins and their key contributions to global climate variability and change. Providing essential theory and discussing outstanding examples as well as impacts on monsoons, it a useful resource for graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric and ocean sciences.
Download or read book Intraseasonal Variability in the Atmosphere Ocean Climate System written by William K.-M. Lau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-10-21 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive review of intra-seasonal variability (ISV); the contents are balanced between observation, theory and modeling. Starting with an overview of ISV and historical observations, the book addresses the coupling between ocean and atmosphere, and the worldwide role of ISV in monsoon variability. Also considered are the connections between oscillations like the Madden, Julian and El Nino/Southern and short-term climate.
Download or read book Fourier Analysis of Time Series written by Peter Bloomfield and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-04-05 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new, revised edition of a yet unrivaled work on frequency domain analysis Long recognized for his unique focus on frequency domain methods for the analysis of time series data as well as for his applied, easy-to-understand approach, Peter Bloomfield brings his well-known 1976 work thoroughly up to date. With a minimum of mathematics and an engaging, highly rewarding style, Bloomfield provides in-depth discussions of harmonic regression, harmonic analysis, complex demodulation, and spectrum analysis. All methods are clearly illustrated using examples of specific data sets, while ample exercises acquaint readers with Fourier analysis and its applications. The Second Edition: * Devotes an entire chapter to complex demodulation * Treats harmonic regression in two separate chapters * Features a more succinct discussion of the fast Fourier transform * Uses S-PLUS commands (replacing FORTRAN) to accommodate programming needs and graphic flexibility * Includes Web addresses for all time series data used in the examples An invaluable reference for statisticians seeking to expand their understanding of frequency domain methods, Fourier Analysis of Time Series, Second Edition also provides easy access to sophisticated statistical tools for scientists and professionals in such areas as atmospheric science, oceanography, climatology, and biology.
Download or read book The Physics and Parameterization of Moist Atmospheric Convection written by R.K. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date summary of our understanding of the dynamics and thermodynamics of moist atmospheric convection, with a strong focus on recent developments in the field. The book also reviews ways in which moist convection may be parameterised in large-scale numerical models - a field in which there is still some controversy - and discusses the implications of convection for large-scale flow. Audience: The book is aimed at the graduate level and research meteorologists as well as scientists in other disciplines who need to know more about moist convection and its representation in numerical models.
Download or read book Severe Convective Storms written by Charles Doswell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly illustrated book is a collection of 13 review papers focusing on convective storms and the weather they produce. It discusses severe convective storms, mesoscale processes, tornadoes and tornadic storms, severe local storms, flash flood forecast and the electrification of severe storms.
Download or read book Earth s Climate written by Chunzai Wang and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 2004-01-09 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 147. It is more than 30 years since the publication of Jacob Bjerknes' groundbreaking ideas made clear the importance of ocean-atmosphere interaction in the tropics. It is now more than 20 years since the arrival of a massive El Niño in the fall of 1982 set off a cascade of observational and theoretical studies. During the following decades, the climate research community has made exceptional progress in refining our capacity to observe earth's climate and theorize about it, including new satellite-based and in situ monitoring systems and coupled ocean-atmosphere predictive numerical models. Of equal importance. is the expanding scope ofresearch, which now reaches far beyond the Pacific El Niño and includes climate phenomena in other ocean basins. In order to cover the now global context of ocean-atmosphere interaction we have organized this monograph around five principal themes, each introduced by one or more broad overview papers. Theme I covers interaction and climate variability in the Pacific sector, with extensive discussion of El Niño-Southern Oscillation, and with the possible causes and consequences of variability on both shorter and longer timescales. Theme II is devoted to interaction in the Atlantic sector. This basin exhibits complex behavior, reflecting its geographic location between two major zones of convection as well as neighboring the tropical Pacific. Theme III reviews the recent, exciting progress in our understanding of climate variability in the Indian sector. Theme IV addresses the interaction between the tropics and the extratropics, which are linked through the presence of shallow meridional overturning cells in the ocean. Finally, Theme V discusses overarching issues of cross-basin interaction.
Download or read book Sub seasonal to Seasonal Prediction written by Andrew Robertson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-10-19 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gap Between Weather and Climate Forecasting: Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Prediction is an ideal reference for researchers and practitioners across the range of disciplines involved in the science, modeling, forecasting and application of this new frontier in sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction. It provides an accessible, yet rigorous, introduction to the scientific principles and sources of predictability through the unique challenges of numerical simulation and forecasting with state-of-science modeling codes and supercomputers. Additional coverage includes the prospects for developing applications to trigger early action decisions to lessen weather catastrophes, minimize costly damage, and optimize operator decisions. The book consists of a set of contributed chapters solicited from experts and leaders in the fields of S2S predictability science, numerical modeling, operational forecasting, and developing application sectors. The introduction and conclusion, written by the co-editors, provides historical perspective, unique synthesis and prospects, and emerging opportunities in this exciting, complex and interdisciplinary field. Contains contributed chapters from leaders and experts in sub-seasonal to seasonal science, forecasting and applications Provides a one-stop shop for graduate students, academic and applied researchers, and practitioners in an emerging and interdisciplinary field Offers a synthesis of the state of S2S science through the use of concrete examples, enabling potential users of S2S forecasts to quickly grasp the potential for application in their own decision-making Includes a broad set of topics, illustrated with graphic examples, that highlight interdisciplinary linkages
Download or read book Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-28 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. This Special Report explores the social as well as physical dimensions of weather- and climate-related disasters, considering opportunities for managing risks at local to international scales. SREX was approved and accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 18 November 2011 in Kampala, Uganda.
