Download or read book The Effects of Environment on Mass and Light in Galaxies written by Nicole Paula Vogt and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environment and the Formation of Galaxies 30 years later written by Ignacio Ferreras and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-06 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication of the morphology - density relation by Alan Dressler in 1980 brought into the limelight the role played by environment in the formation and evolution of galaxies. The symposium Environment and the Formation of Galaxies: 30 years later, was organised with the purpose of establishing the environmental impact on the evolution of galaxies and its dependence on look-back time. Special emphasis was placed on the physical mechanisms that are responsible for transforming galaxies once they are accreted by a group or a cluster, including the observable imprint left in the galaxy HI distribution. Other major topics of the symposium were the environmental dependence of galaxy properties at z ≥ 1 and the implementation of environmental effects in cosmological models of galaxy formation and evolution. This book presents the edited proceedings of this stimulating meeting.
Download or read book Modern Statistical Methods for Astronomy written by Eric D. Feigelson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-12 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Statistical Methods for Astronomy: With R Applications.
Download or read book Star Formation Rates of Galaxies written by Andreas Zezas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Star-formation is one of the key processes that shape the current state and evolution of galaxies. This volume provides a comprehensive presentation of the different methods used to measure the intensity of recent or on-going star-forming activity in galaxies, discussing their advantages and complications in detail. It includes a thorough overview of the theoretical underpinnings of star-formation rate indicators, including topics such as stellar evolution and stellar spectra, the stellar initial mass function, and the physical conditions in the interstellar medium. The authors bring together in one place detailed and comparative discussions of traditional and new star-formation rate indicators, star-formation rate measurements in different spatial scales, and comparisons of star-formation rate indicators probing different stellar populations, along with the corresponding theoretical background. This is a useful reference for students and researchers working in the field of extragalactic astrophysics and studying star-formation in local and higher-redshift galaxies.
Download or read book Toward a New Level of Modeling of Environmental Effects on Galaxies written by Manuel Duarte and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galaxies lie in a large panel of environments from isolated galaxies, to pairs, groups or clusters. The environment is expected to have an impact on galaxy properties such as morphology, stellar formation, metallicity\ldots. Some studies already tried to quantify the importance of the global environment (linked to the dark matter halo mass) and the local environment (galaxy position in the group). These studies have shown that the environment plays a minor role except for low mass galaxies. But the quantification of the environment is difficult since detected groups in redshift space (the only one accessible by the observer) are very elongated, making it difficult to extract spherical groups in real space. If these quantification errors are too important, environment effects will not be measured correctly. Moreover, other physical processes are at work inside groups whose relative roles are not well understood. For example, major or minor mergers (rich or poor in gas, between satellite galaxies, or after the decay of the orbit of a satellite onto the central galaxy by dynamical friction), rapid flybys harassing galaxies, stripping of the interstellar gas by ram pressure or of the gaseous reservoir by tidal forces. Although semi-analytical codes of galaxy formation from initial conditions of a LambdaCDM Universe fit well a large set of observed relations, there are still some discrepancies that might be possibly explained by a lack of correct physical recipes of environmental effects in these models. Our goal with this thesis is to have a detailed comprehension of the role of environment on galaxy properties, and finally determine the major physical processes in the modulation of these properties with both local and global environment. For this, an optimal extraction of galaxy groups from the projected phase space is necessary. We performed a study and re-implementation of some existing group finder to estimate their strengths and weaknesses in the detection of galaxy groups. A galaxy mock catalogue in redshift space, designed to mimic the primary spectroscopic sample of the SDSS survey was created to apply several galaxy group algorithms. An advantage is the already known membership that we can compare to galaxy groups extracted from redshift space. Semi-analytical codes of galaxy formation give us such galaxy catalogs we transformed to be coherent with the vision of an observer. With these mock catalogues, we tested the very popular Friends-of-Friends grouping algorithm. We determined the optimal linking lengths against the set of tests and optimal criterion we developed to judge the efficiency of an algorithm. It appears that this choice of linking lengths depends on the scientific goal to do with the group catalogue. A large part of the thesis consisted on the realization of a new grouping algorithm called MAGGIE (Models and Algorithm for Galaxy Groups, Interlopers and Environment), Bayesian and probabilistic. MAGGIE uses our priors acquired with analysis of cosmological simulations for large scale structure and of observations obtained from large galaxy surveys, to better constrain the selection of galaxy groups from redshift space. Comparison of MAGGIE with the FoF algorithm shows that MAGGIE is superior in avoiding the fragmentation of real space groups, the membership selection (completeness, reliability) and in the group properties (group mass, luminosity). The better performance of MAGGIE comes from its probabilistic nature, the use of astrophysical and cosmological priors, and the use of halo abundance matching technique linking central galaxy distributions (stellar mass or luminosity) to physical properties of dark matter halos. The future application of MAGGIE on galaxy surveys such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey or the deeper Galaxy and Mass Assembly, taking care of their own observational problems, should improve our understanding of the modulation of galaxy properties with their global and local environments and physical processes operating inside galaxy groups.
Download or read book The Formation of the Milky Way written by E. J. Alfaro and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-08-03 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review examines all the key physical processes involved in the formation and evolution of the Milky Way, based on an international meeting held in Granada (Spain).
Download or read book Toward a New Level of Modeling of Environmental Effects on Galaxies written by Manuel Duarte and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galaxies lie in a large panel of environments from isolated galaxies, to pairs, groups or clusters. The environment is expected to have an impact on galaxy properties such as morphology, stellar formation, metallicity\ldots. Some studies already tried to quantify the importance of the global environment (linked to the dark matter halo mass) and the local environment (galaxy position in the group). These studies have shown that the environment plays a minor role except for low mass galaxies. But the quantification of the environment is difficult since detected groups in redshift space (the only one accessible by the observer) are very elongated, making it difficult to extract spherical groups in real space. If these quantification errors are too important, environment effects will not be measured correctly. Moreover, other physical processes are at work inside groups whose relative roles are not well understood. For example, major or minor mergers (rich or poor in gas, between satellite galaxies, or after the decay of the orbit of a satellite onto the central galaxy by dynamical friction), rapid flybys harassing galaxies, stripping of the interstellar gas by ram pressure or of the gaseous reservoir by tidal forces. Although semi-analytical codes of galaxy formation from initial conditions of a LambdaCDM Universe fit well a large set of observed relations, there are still some discrepancies that might be possibly explained by a lack of correct physical recipes of environmental effects in these models. Our goal with this thesis is to have a detailed comprehension of the role of environment on galaxy properties, and finally determine the major physical processes in the modulation of these properties with both local and global environment. For this, an optimal extraction of galaxy groups from the projected phase space is necessary. We performed a study and re-implementation of some existing group finder to estimate their strengths and weaknesses in the detection of galaxy groups. A galaxy mock catalogue in redshift space, designed to mimic the primary spectroscopic sample of the SDSS survey was created to apply several galaxy group algorithms. An advantage is the already known membership that we can compare to galaxy groups extracted from redshift space. Semi-analytical codes of galaxy formation give us such galaxy catalogs we transformed to be coherent with the vision of an observer. With these mock catalogues, we tested the very popular Friends-of-Friends grouping algorithm. We determined the optimal linking lengths against the set of tests and optimal criterion we developed to judge the efficiency of an algorithm. It appears that this choice of linking lengths depends on the scientific goal to do with the group catalogue. A large part of the thesis consisted on the realization of a new grouping algorithm called MAGGIE (Models and Algorithm for Galaxy Groups, Interlopers and Environment), Bayesian and probabilistic. MAGGIE uses our priors acquired with analysis of cosmological simulations for large scale structure and of observations obtained from large galaxy surveys, to better constrain the selection of galaxy groups from redshift space. Comparison of MAGGIE with the FoF algorithm shows that MAGGIE is superior in avoiding the fragmentation of real space groups, the membership selection (completeness, reliability) and in the group properties (group mass, luminosity). The better performance of MAGGIE comes from its probabilistic nature, the use of astrophysical and cosmological priors, and the use of halo abundance matching technique linking central galaxy distributions (stellar mass or luminosity) to physical properties of dark matter halos. The future application of MAGGIE on galaxy surveys such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey or the deeper Galaxy and Mass Assembly, taking care of their own observational problems, should improve our understanding of the modulation of galaxy properties with their global and local environments and physical processes operating inside galaxy groups.
Download or read book Nearly Normal Galaxies written by Sandra M. Faber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is sometimes said that astronomy is the crossroads of physics. In the same spirit, it can forcefully be argued that galaxies are the crossroads of astronomy. Internal pro ces ses within galaxies involve all of the fundamental components of astrophysics: stellar evolution, star formation, low-density astrophysics, dynamics, hydrodynamics, and high-energy astrophysics. Indeed, one can hardly name an observational datum in any wavelength range on any kind of celestial object that does not provide a useful clue to galaxy formation and evolution. Although internal processes in galaxies until recently occupied most of our attention, we now know that it is also vital to relate galaxies to their environment. How galaxies congregate in larger structures and are in turn influenced by them are crucial questions for galactic evolution. On a grander level we have also come to regard galaxies as the basic building blocks of the universe, the basic units whereby the large scale structure of the universe is apprehended and quantified. On a grander level still, we also believe strongly that galaxies are the direct descendents of early density irregularities in the Big Bang. Galaxy properties are now viewed as providing a crucial constraint on the physics of the Big Bang and a vital link between the macroscopic and microscopic structure of the universe.
Download or read book The Evolution of Galaxies and Their Environment written by David J. Hollenbach and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Environment and Evolution of Galaxies written by J.M. Shull and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In July 1992, over 300 astronomers attended the Third Tetons Summer School on the subject of `The Environment and Evolution of Galaxies'. This book presents 28 papers based on invited review talks and a panel discussion on `The Nature of High Redshift Objects'. The major themes include: the Interstellar and Intergalactic Medium, Galaxy Formation and Evolution, Cooling Flows, Quasars and Radiation Backgrounds, and Interactions between Galaxies/AGNs and their Environment. Recent advances with the ROSAT, COBE and Hubble Space Telescope are discussed, together with current theoretical developments. The tutorial nature of the papers make this book a valuable supplement for professional astonomers, graduate students, and senior undergraduates. As with previous Tetons conferences, this book provides both the current state of observational and theoretical research and material complementary to courses in extragalactic and interstellar astrophysics.
Download or read book Investigating the Impact of Group Environment on Galaxy Properties written by Stephania Barsanti and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The properties of galaxies, such as their shape and star formation rate (SFR), correclate strongly with the galaxy number density in the surrounding Universe. This is well known for cluster galaxies, which show a suppression of the star formation activity with respect to the field, but the situation is less clear for groups. The aim of this research is to explore whether and how the group environment may affectthe star formation properties of infalling star-forming galaxies. We use the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) group catalogue, finding that the specific SFR of star-forming members declines at ~ 3.5 R200 towards the group centre by a factor ~ 1.3 with respect to field galaxies. We explore the use of the projected phase space (PPS) diagram, i.e. the galaxy velocity as a function of projected group-centric radius, as an environment metric in the group mass regime. The PPS has been extensively used for investigating more massive clusters where the position of a galaxy in the PPS correlates with time since infall. Similar to cluster studies, we find that the fraction of star-forming group galaxies is higher in the PPS regions dominated by recently accreted galaxies, whereas passive galaxies dominate the virialised regions.
Download or read book The Effect of Environment on the Formation and Evolution of Galaxies in the Distant Universe written by Robert W. Chuter and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis I primarily use the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey (UDS) to investigate the effect environment has on galaxies across the redshift range 0.25 z
Download or read book Physics of Nearby Galaxies written by Xuan Thuan Trinh and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1992 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Secular Evolution of Galaxies written by Jesús Falcón-Barroso and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation and evolution of galaxies is one of the most important topics in modern astrophysics. Secular evolution refers to the relatively slow dynamical evolution due to internal processes induced by a galaxy's spiral arms, bars, galactic winds, black holes and dark matter haloes. It plays an important role in the evolution of spiral galaxies with major consequences for galactic bulges, the transfer of angular momentum, and the distribution of a galaxy's constituent stars, gas and dust. This internal evolution is in turn the key to understanding and testing cosmological models of galaxy formation and evolution. Based on the twenty-third Winter School of the Canary Islands Institute of Astrophysics, this volume presents reviews from nine world-renowned experts on the observational and theoretical research into secular processes, and what these processes can tell us about the structure and formation of galaxies. The volume provides a firm grounding for graduate students and early career researchers working on galactic dynamics and galaxy evolution.
Download or read book Astronomy and Astrophysics in the New Millennium written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-02-07 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In preparing the report, Astronomy and Astrophysics in the New Millenium , the AASC made use of a series of panel reports that address various aspects of ground- and space-based astronomy and astrophysics. These reports provide in-depth technical detail. Astronomy and Astrophysics in the New Millenium: An Overview summarizes the science goals and recommended initiatives in a short, richly illustrated, non-technical booklet.
Download or read book Stellar Mass Profiles of Galaxies in the Hubble Frontier Fields written by Vivian Yun Yan Tan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quiescent galaxies have more diverse morphologies than star-forming galaxies, which might result from being either mass/environmentally quenched. At some point in their lifetimes, galaxies will stop forming new stars and become quiescent, in a process called quenching, which can be driven by internal (mass-dependent) or environmental processes. In the local universe, those two processes are considered independent of each other, but at higher redshift, they might not be separable. We explore the effect environment has on the morphology of quiescent galaxies by analyzing the stellar mass profiles of cluster and field galaxies from the Hubble Frontier Fields at a redshift range of 0.25
Download or read book Dust in the Galactic Environment written by D.C.B Whittet and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dust is a ubiquitous feature of the cosmos, impinging directly or indirectly on most fields of modern astronomy and astrophysics. Dust in the Galactic Environment, Second Edition provides a thorough overview of the subject, covering general concepts, methods of investigation, important results and their significance, relevant literature, and some suggestions for promising avenues of future research. Since the publication of the first edition of this popular graduate text, major advances have been made in our understanding of astrophysical dust, especially in the light of exciting new results from space- and ground-based telescopes, together with advances in laboratory astrophysics and theoretical modeling. This new, expanded edition highlights the latest results and provides a context for future research opportunities. The first chapter provides a historical perspective for current research and an overview of interstellar environments and the role of dust in astrophysical processes, followed by a discussion of the cosmic history of the chemical elements expected to be present in dust and an examination of the effect of gas-dust interactions on gas phase abundances. The next several chapters describe the observed properties of interstellar grains, such as their extinction, polarization, absorption, and emission characteristics. Then, the book explores the origin and evolution of dust, tracing its life cycle in a succession of environments from circumstellar shells to diffuse interstellar clouds, molecular clouds, protostars, and protoplanetary disks. The final chapter summarizes progress toward a unified model. Dust in other galaxies is discussed as an integral part of the text rather than as a distinct topic requiring separate chapters. Containing extensive references and problems to aid understanding and illustrate basic principles, the book is ideally suited for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses. It will also be an invaluable reference for postgraduate students and researchers working in this important field.
