Download or read book The Effects of Dietary Fat and Age on Adipose Tissue Composition and Fatty Acid Synthesis Levels in Strain A ST Mice written by Roger L. Behrman and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Dietary Fatty Acid Composition on Skeletal Muscle and Hepatic Fatty Acid and Glucose Metabolism in Male and Female Mice written by Lisa Kate Philp and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Australian adults consume ~6% above the recommended intake of saturated fat and less than half the recommended daily amount of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). There is some evidence that the type and proportion of dietary fat consumed may influence the development of the obese phenotype and associated metabolic complications. Epidemiological studies indicate that a saturated fat-rich diet (HF-S) is deleterious, whilst consuming n-3 PUFAs is beneficial to metabolic health. Saturated fats have a greater propensity to enter storage in adipose tissue and ectopic stores, as opposed to being oxidised. This is deleterious as ectopic fat deposition in skeletal muscle and liver are strongly associated with insulin resistance. In contrast, diets rich in n-3 PUFA limit adipose tissue hypertrophy, reduce ectopic fat and prevent high fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance in rats. However, the mechanism by which n-3 PUFA enrichment of a HF-S diet (HF-n-3) prevents ectopic fat deposition in muscle and liver is unclear; though pathways of fatty acid uptake, storage and oxidation may be implicated. Furthermore, in skeletal muscle a functional shift in fibre type may be implicated, as increased muscle n-3 PUFA content is associated with an increased proportion of oxidative fibres. The studies in this thesis therefore aimed to determine: (I) the effect of HFD fatty acid composition on metabolic profile, adipose tissue distribution, and muscle fibre type composition of male and female mice; (II) if HF-n-3 feeding influenced the mRNA content of 27 key genes that regulate the uptake (FAT/CD36, FABPpm, FATP), synthesis and storage (SREBF, INSIG, SCD, ACC, DGAT, HSL) and utilisation (PDK, PPAR, PGC1, AMPK, ACC, CPT1, UCP) of fatty acids and metabolism of glucose (HK, PFK, GYS) in the glycolytic extensor digitorum longus muscle, oxidative soleus muscle and liver of male and female mice. To assess these aims mice were fed either a control diet (16% energy from fat) or one of two HFDs (60% energy from fat), a HF-S or HF-n-3 (7.5% saturated fat replaced with n-3 PUFA) diet. I investigated the hypothesis that HF-n-3 feeding prevents ectopic fat deposition through enhanced uptake and utilisation, and reduced storage, of fatty acids. Despite similarly increased body weight with both HFDs, mesenteric fat mass decreased and brown fat increased with HF-n-3 feeding compared to HF-S feeding. HF-S feeding increased muscle and liver fat content; this was ameliorated by HF-n-3. As hypothesised, HF-n-3 feeding may ameliorate intramyocellular and intrahepatic fat accumulation through an altered pattern of fatty acid metabolism gene expression in those tissues, specifically through the concurrent activation of pathways regulating fatty acid transport and utilisation, whilst limiting pathways that promote fatty acid storage and lipogenesis. Muscle fibre type composition was unchanged with diet, although HF-n-3 feeding increased muscle oxidative capacity. HF-S mice exhibited increased plasma insulin and glucose metabolism was influenced by HF-n-3 feeding in a tissue-specific manner. These studies highlight the importance of gender and in skeletal muscle, muscle fibre type, to the overall characteristics, profile of gene expression and ultimate function of the skeletal muscle and liver.
Download or read book Diet and Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.
Download or read book The Effects of Dietary Trans Fatty Acids on Adipose Tissue Composition and Metabolism in Male C57BL 6J Mice written by Subodh Atal and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fat Detection written by Jean-Pierre Montmayeur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-09-14 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the State-of-the-Art in Fat Taste TransductionA bite of cheese, a few potato chips, a delectable piece of bacon - a small taste of high-fat foods often draws you back for more. But why are fatty foods so appealing? Why do we crave them? Fat Detection: Taste, Texture, and Post Ingestive Effects covers the many factors responsible for the se
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-02-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the years since the third edition of this indispensable reference was published, a great deal has been learned about the nutritional requirements of common laboratory species: rat, mouse, guinea pig, hamster, gerbil, and vole. The Fourth Revised Edition presents the current expert understanding of the lipid, carbohydrate, protein, mineral, vitamin, and other nutritional needs of these animals. The extensive use of tables provides easy access to a wealth of comprehensive data and resource information. The volume also provides an expanded background discussion of general dietary considerations. In addition to a more user-friendly organization, new features in this edition include: A significantly expanded section on dietary requirements for rats, reporting substantial new findings. A new section on nutrients that are not required but that may produce beneficial results. New information on growth and reproductive performance among the most commonly used strains of rats and mice and on several hamster species. An expanded discussion of diet formulation and preparationâ€"including sample diets of both purified and natural ingredients. New information on mineral deficiency and toxicity, including warning signs. This authoritative resource will be important to researchers, laboratory technicians, and manufacturers of laboratory animal feed.
Download or read book Adipose Tissue Cellularity in Lean and Obese Mice written by Marilyn S. Edwards and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of High Fat Diets of Differing Fatty Acid Composition on Energy Balance Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis and Fat Depot Fatty Acid Composition in Mice written by Michelle P. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Fatty Acid Composition and Energy Restriction on Adipose Tissue Obese MRNA Fatty Acid Composition and Serum Leptin Levels written by Geoffrey Ronald Hynes and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Dietary fatty acid (FA) composition and energy restriction (ER) independently affect serum leptin levels; however it is not known whether this correlates with changes in obese (ob) gene expression. Herein, we assessed whether dietary FA composition and ER influence white adipose tissue (WAT) ob mRNA by Northern analysis. Animals consumed diets containing tallow (BT), safflower oil (SO) or fish oil (FO) ad libitum or at 60% ad libitum intakes. Serum leptin values were not different between levels of energy intake. ER decreased weight gain and WAT weights, which positively correlated with serum leptin values. WAT ob mRNA levels were in the rank order: FO > SO > BT in depots of all groups with ER showing a lower level of ob mRNA. Data show similarity in ob mRNA levels between depots with discordance in circulating leptin levels. These data suggest that energy restriction exerts greater control over leptin production than dietary fat source." --
Download or read book Dietary Fat and Human Health written by National Research Council (U.S.). Food and Nutrition Board and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1966 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Long Term Dietary Fat Quality on Metabolic Health With a Special Focus on Dairy Fat written by Allison Leigh Unger and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet, and particularly dietary fat quality (i.e., fatty acid composition), is a significant modifiable risk factor in the development of metabolic diseases. However, whether the manipulation of long-term dietary fat quality may serve as an effective dietary strategy to mitigate metabolic disease risk during aging is not well defined. Accordingly, this work sought to investigate the role of life-long consumption of bioactive fatty acids from various food sources, and particularly dairy fat, on health maintenance and metabolic disease risk later in life. To address this issue, I assessed how long-term supplementation of dairy fat (butter oil), echium oil, or fish oil to the average U.S. American diet influenced glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and gut microbiota taxa in male and female mice. An outbred mouse model, which mimics the genetic diversity of humans, was specifically utilized to study the effect of long-term dietary fat quality up to "old age", examining markers of glucose homeostasis at regular intervals. At the end of the study, to examine potential diet-specific mechanisms that may influence metabolic health, fatty acid partitioning in muscle, adipose tissue, liver, and blood was assessed. Investigating the complex relationship between diet, gut bacteria, and metabolic phenotype, I observed that fish oil and echium oil supplementation improved glucose homeostasis over time in males but not in females. Females, however, were consistently more metabolically protected compared to males regardless of age. Furthermore, the apparent sex-dependent metabolic responses to dietary fat quality may in part be explained by distinct tissue-specific partitioning of diet-derived fatty acids. Lastly, sex was found to significantly impact the effect of dietary fat quality on colonic bacteria composition as aging progressed. Cumulatively, long-term dietary fat quality appears to influence gut microbiota and tissue fatty acid stores, in a sex-specific manner, to impact metabolic health and disease risk. My findings therefore have important implications for the design of future dietary strategies to protect metabolic health throughout different life stages.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2068 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diabetes Literature Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Profiling Fatty Acid Composition of Brown Adipose Tissue White Adipose Tissue and Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue of Healthy and Diet induced Obese Mice written by Urszula Osinska Warncke and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT) contains a fat depot of unknown function. Characterization of this tissue in healthy and pathophysiological conditions may be an important step in order to understand MAT contribution to development of osteoporosis and perhaps to develop means to improve bone health by manipulation with a phenotype of MAT. Here we demonstrate that MAT, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and white adipose tissue (WAT) derived from healthy mice differ in fatty acid and phospholipid composition. The profile of MAT changed to resemble a less-metabolically active tissue upon metabolic impairment as seen in diet-induced obesity. Additionally, PPAR[gamma] activation alters MAT to be become more BAT-like, and the lipid profile and bone marrow environment can be improved with a selective and partial PPAR[gamma] agonist such as the test drug SRI0171 Hence it is possible to pharmacologically manipulate the lipid environment in bone marrow.
