Download or read book The Effects of a Six week High Intensity Interval Training Program on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Sedentary Individuals written by Nicholas M. Hoster and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Continuous Moderate Intensity Exercise Training Combined with High Intensity Interval Training on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors written by Brendon Hugh Roxburgh and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes are a major health and economic burden on society and without intervention, incidence will continue to increase. High intensity interval training (HIIT) is emerging as a time efficient strategy for improving risk factors of CVD and type 2 diabetes; however, there is a lack of research on HIIT in sedentary, at-risk individuals. Whilst HIIT has shown superior improvement in CVD risk factors, when compared with continuous moderate intensity exercise training (CMIET), it may be unrealistic to exclusively adopt this form of training as a lifestyle change. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare how 12 weeks of HIIT and CMIET affected cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), insulin sensitivity and other risk factors for CVD, in sedentary individuals at moderate risk of CVD. METHODS: Twenty nine sedentary subjects at moderate risk of CVD were recruited for 12 weeks of exercise training. Subjects were randomised into three groups: HIIT (n=9; 8-12 x 60 sec at 100% VO2max, 150 sec active recovery), CMIET (n=10; 30 min at 45-60% oxygen consumption reserve (VO2R)) and a sedentary control group (n=10). Participants in the HIIT group performed a single weekly bout of HIIT and four weekly sessions of CMIET, whilst the CMIET group performed five weekly CMIET sessions. Cardiorespiratory fitness, insulin sensitivity (HOMA model), blood lipids, body composition and quality of life were measured pre and post intervention. Probabilistic magnitude-based inferences were determined to assess the likelihood that the true value of the effect represented substantial change. RESULTS: Relative VO2max increased by 10.1% in in the HIIT group (32.7 ± 9.2 to 36.0 ± 11.5 mL·kg-1·min-1) and 3.9% in the CMIET group (33.2 ± 4.0 to 34.5 ± 6.1 mL·kg-1·min-1), whilst there was a 5.7% decrease in the control group (30.0 ± 4.6 to 28.3 ± 6.5 mL·kg-1·min-1). It was 'unclear' if a clinically significant difference existed between the HIIT and CMIET groups. There was a decrease in insulin sensitivity for both exercising groups (HIIT: 101 ± 27.3 to 90.3 ± 29.0%; CMIET: 95.6 ± 42.6 to 84.1 ± 25.6%), with a 'possibly trivial' clinical inference between groups. CONCLUSION: Both exercising groups showed clinically meaningful improvements in VO2max, body composition (hip and waist circumference), systolic and diastolic blood pressure and total and LDL cholesterol. However, it remains 'unclear' whether one type of exercise training regimen elicits a superior CVD risk factor reduction relative to its counterpart.

Download or read book The Effects of a Reduced exertion High intensity Interval Training Protocol on Measures of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health in Physically Inactive Individuals written by Michael Makela and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease are a growing threat to the quality of life of the population. Exercise is a frontline approach to treat and prevent cardiometabolic disease and its associated risk factors. The majority of individuals, however, are physically inactive and fail to meet weekly physical activity guidelines primarily due to time-constraints. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-efficient method of exercise for improving physical fitness and reducing cardiometabolic risk factors compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). Recent research indicates that the number of repetitions and duration of high-intensity intervals can be reduced without attenuation of health benefits. This study recruited nine physically inactive but otherwise healthy participants (6 female, 3 male) which engaged in a 6 week reduced-exertion HIIT protocol. Participants were assessed before and after a 2 week run-in period, and again upon completion of the exercise protocol to assess the effect on predicted aerobic capacity (VO2max), resting heart rate (HR), resting blood pressure, heart rate variability (HRV), fasting blood glucose, peak power, mean power, body mass, and body fat %. Participants improved predicted VO2max F(2,16)=6.33, p=.009, peak power F(2,16)=10.84, p=.001, and mean power F(2,16)=20.87, p=.00006, but no changes were observed in body mass, body fat %, resting HR, resting blood pressure, resting HRV, and fasting blood glucose. In conclusion, a reduced-exertion HIIT protocol with minimal time-commitment improved predicted VO2max, peak power, and mean power and is a time-efficient alternative or adjunct method of exercise for eliciting health benefits in physically inactive individuals.

Download or read book Cardiovascular Effects of High intensity Interval Training and Moderate intensity Continuous Training in Sedentary Individuals written by Bryce J. Muth and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Training compliance was 96% for both the MCT and HIIT groups. Both training programs resulted in significant increases in total exercise time (MCT: 727 ± 65 vs. 789 ± 66 seconds and HIIT: 659 ± 84 vs. 752 ± 77 seconds, p0.05) and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) (MCT: 27.31 ± 2.54 vs. 28.71 ± 2.68 ml/kg/min and HIIT: 27.04 ± 3.15 vs. 30.60 ± 2.35 ml/kg/min, p

Download or read book Kaidato de Arcila written by and published by . This book was released on 1960* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Reduced exertion High intensity Interval Training on Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes in Sedentary Individuals written by Morgan Berryman-Maciel and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book PHYSICAL FITNESS COMPONENTS AND RISK FACTOR FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN RESPONSE TO AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC TRAINING IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS written by Dr. I. Devi Vara Prasad and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2018-01-20 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health is the general condition of a person in all aspects. It is also a level of functional and/or metabolic efficiency of an organism, often implicitly human. At the time of the creation of the World Health Organization (WHO), in 1948, health was defined as being "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity". In 1986, the WHO, in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, said that health is "a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities." Overall health is achieved through a combination of physical, mental, emotional, and social well-being, which, together is commonly referred to as the Health Triangle.Good health means that all organs of the body are working efficiently. The important proverb is, 'Health is wealth', 'if health is lost everything is lost', and is realized more in its absence than by its presence.

Download or read book The Effects of Chronic High Intensity Interval Training on Cardiometabolic Health in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury written by Mitchel Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Advancements in medicine and post-injury care has allowed for the extended life expectancy following spinal cord injuries (SCI). However, such advancements have led to a paradigm shift in the prevalence of secondary health complications from renal and pulmonary to cardiovascular and metabolic. In the able-bodied literature, accumulating evidence for high intensity interval training (HIIT) has shown that this time efficient, heart safe style of exercise may have advantages over moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) as a means to reduce cardiometabolic risk. The effectiveness of HIIT in an SCI population has yet to be explored. The current study examined the effectiveness of the "5 by 1" HIIT protocol over a 6-week timeframe, consisting of three supervised sessions per week in an SCI population. Outcome measures included VO2peak, cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, blood pressure, pro an anti-inflammatory cytokine, and adipokines leptin and adiponectin. Results of the current study suggest that this protocol is an effective means to significantly improve aerobic fitness, however the intervention did induce significant metabolic change. Limitations such as small sample size (N=7) and the relatively short intervention duration may have limited these results. Further research focused on the effectiveness of HIIT in an SCI population is warranted to explore whether the metabolic benefit from HIIT may be dependent on a minimum baseline fitness level or power output that some individuals may not possess. In conclusion, the "5 by 1" HIIT protocol proved to be an effective means of improving aerobic capacity and therefore represents an alternative to the currently suggested MICT.

Download or read book The Effects of a Three week High Intensity Interval Training Program on Fitness Related Parameters Among 3 Different Populations from North China written by Linghao Kong and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of a 3-week High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) program on fitness-related parameters (peak heart rate, peak Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), V ̇O2peak, time to exhaustion, and lactate threshold) among three different populations (healthy inactive, healthy active, prehypertension in China). In addition, resting blood pressure was also measured before and after the 3-week HIIT program. Males (N = 30; age = 18 - 30 years) were assigned to three groups according to the recruitment criteria. Six 2 (Time) x 3 (Group) mixed factorial ANOVAs were performed to determine if differences existed in the six dependent variables. Regardless of the group difference, significant main effects were found for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, V ̇O2peak, time to exhaustion, and lactate threshold for test occasions. No significant interaction effects were found for any variables, no significant main effects were found for peak RPE and peak heart rate. A 3-week HIIT intervention lowered resting blood pressure, while increasing time to exhaustion, lactate threshold, and V ̇O2peak for all three different groups included. Peak heart rate and peak RPE were unchanged.

Download or read book A 16 week Run Sprint Interval Training Does Not Have an Effect on Cardiovascular Risk Measured by Framingham Risk Score on Prediabetic Women written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Framingham risk score (FRS) was developed to determine the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the next 10 years using an individual's age, gender, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), smoking habits, and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Run-sprint interval training (R-SIT) has shown improvements in various health and blood markers while reducing total exercise time. To date there has not been a study that examines the effects of R-SIT and moderate intensity training (MIT) on framingham risk. The purpose of this study was to determine if a reduction of the 10-year risk of CVD (determined by Framingham CVD risk calculator), is greater in an R-SIT experimental group compared to a moderate intensity group (MIT) of sedentary prediabetic women, after a 16-week intervention. Participants were randomized into R-SIT (n=6) or MIT (n=9) groups and required to attend 3 weekly training sessions and 1 weekly Diabetes Prevention Program session for 16-weeks. During the first 4 weeks, R-SIT performed 4x30s maximal sprints on a treadmill at a self-selected speed and incline, followed by a 4-min active recovery between intervals. Intervals increased by 2 every 4 weeks. MIT walked continuously at 45-55% Heart Rate Reserve for 30-mins during the first 4 weeks, and increased by 10-mins every 4 weeks. FRS markers were measured at baseline, mid, and post intervention. After 16-weeks of exercise training, there was a significant time by group interaction in weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and Body Fat Percent (BF%). T-tests indicate MIT significantly decreased in weight (-2.60+1.32 kg), BF% (-1.58+1.54), and BMI (-2.42+1.32 kg). R-SIT significantly changed in BF% from baseline to mid (-2.33+0.72) and mid to post (+1.53+0.46), but not from baseline to post (-2.16+2.53). Additionally, there was a trend toward significant improvements in BMI (p=0.078) and lean body mass (p=0.059) (-0.85+0.06 kg/m2, +1.05+0.46 kg, respectively). Lastly, R-SIT participants also significantly decreased changes in TGs from midline to post (-23.33+17.92 mg/dL). Though FRS and Vascular Age (VA) were significantly different between groups at all three time points, there were no significant within-group changes observed The major findings of this study were that after 16-weeks of exercise training, MIT had significant within-group decreases for weight, BMI, and BF%, while R-SIT significantly decreased BF% and increased VO2max (mLkg-1min-1). In conclusion, though previous R-SIT and HIIT studies have suggested improved body composition and cardiovascular risk factors when compared to MIT, the present study only observed significant changes in body composition and minimal changes to CVD risk factors. Additional research is needed to further understand the effects of R-SIT on blood lipid profiles and its relationship with CVD, especially in the clinical population.

Download or read book Effects of a Novel High intensity Aerobic Interval Training Program on Diastolic and Cardiovascular Function in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction written by Siddhartha Angadi and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heart failure is a major worldwide health concern and is the leading cause of hospitalization among elderly Americans. Approximately 50% of those diagnosed with heart failure have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF). HFPEF presents a therapeutic dilemma because pharmacological strategies that are effective for the treatment of heart failure and reduced ejection fraction have failed to show benefit in HFPEF. Long term moderate intensity exercise programs have been shown to improve diastolic function in patients HFPEF. High intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve diastolic function in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. However, the effects of high intensity interval training in patients with HFPEF are unknown. Fourteen patients with HFPEF were randomized to either: (1) a novel program of high-intensity aerobic interval training (n = 8), or (2) a commonly prescribed program of moderate-intensity (MOD) aerobic exercise training (n = 6). Before and after four weeks of exercise training, patients underwent a treadmill graded exercise test for the determination of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), a brachial artery reactivity test for assessment of endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (BAFMD), aortic pulse wave velocity assessment as an index of vascular stiffness and two-dimensional echocardiography for assessment of left ventricular diastolic and systolic function. I hypothesized that (1) high-intensity aerobic interval training would result in superior improvements in FMD, aortic pulse wave velocity, VO2peak, diastolic function and, (2) changes in these parameters would be correlated with changes in VO2peak. The principal findings of the study were that a one month long high intensity interval training program resulted in significant improvements in diastolic function as measured by two-dimensional echocardiography [pre diastolic dysfunction (DD) grade - 2.13 ± 0.4 vs. post DD grade - 1.25 ± 0.7, p = 0.03]. The left atrial volume index was reduced in the HIIT group compared to MOD ( - 4.4 ± 6.2 ml/m2 vs. 5.8 ± 10.7 ml/m2, p = 0.02). Early mitral flow (E) improved in the HIIT group (pre - 0.93 ± 0.2 m/s vs. post - 0.78 ± 0.3 m/s, p = 0.03). A significant inverse correlation was observed between change in BAFMD and change in diastolic dysfunction grade (r = - 0.585, p = 0.028) when all the data were pooled. HIIT appears to be a time-efficient and safe strategy for improving diastolic function in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. These data may have implications for cardiovascular risk reduction in this population.

Download or read book High Intensity Interval Training written by John Williams and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIIT Training is an intense workout technique whose origins remain under constant debate but, was popularised by fitness expert, Arthur Jones. Although not a new training technique, it has surged in popularity over recent years drawing the attention of amateurs and professionals alike. It is for this reason that I have decided to write a book breaking down high intensity interval training. The book consists of two main sections that are broken down into sub-sections, from the history of HIIT to mistakes to avoid when undertaking the gruelling training method.

Download or read book Effects of Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factor Reduction on Exercise Performance in Men at High Risk of Future Coronary Heart Disease written by Kevin Richard Ringhofer and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of High Intensity Interval Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Composition in Women written by Rachel Marie Dykstra and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: A growing body of literature indicates that women, in comparison to men, report significantly more barriers to exercise, often times related to perceived lack of time due to their social roles (e.g. family responsibility, childcare). Therefore, it has been considered that exercise programs that require less time commitments would be more attractive for women to alleviate this concern. Objective: This review was conducted to comprehensively understand the present literature surrounding women and such a time-efficient protocol: high intensity interval training (HIIT). The primary aim was to determine the impact of HIIT on both cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body composition. The secondary aim was to identify what variables, if any, influence the effect of HIIT on changes in CRF and body composition. Methods: A database search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), CENTRAL (Cochrane), and ESCO (SPORTdiscus) to obtain all peer-reviewed publications up until November 2020. Studies were included if HIIT protocols were aerobic-based, a minimum of two weeks in duration, participants were between the ages of 18-65 years and free from cardiovascular, metabolic, or renal disease and cancers. Comparisons were made for changes in maximal or peak oxygen consumption (VO2max or VO2peak), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and body fat percentage (BF%). Results: 41 studies were included in this review, involving a total of 628 female subjects who were predominantly younger (582 subjects between ages 18-35 years) and overweight (body mass index ranging from 20.3-35.7 kg-m-2). Exercise intervention duration ranged from 2-15 weeks (7.8±3.7 weeks), utilizing between 2-5 sessions (3.1±0.4 visits) per week. Of the 37 studies with CRF as an outcome measures, 34 reported improvements. 35 studies reported pre- and post-intervention assessments surrounding body composition. 14 determined significant improvements in BF% and 12 studies reported a significant decrease in FM, six showed significant increases in FFM. Conclusion: It is suggested that HIIT can significantly improve CRF in women, irrespective of age, training status, BMI, and training frequency. However, exercise intervention duration, in conjunction with the appropriate intensity of exercise may influence the improvements. HIIT interventions that are shorter in duration (≤7 week) should consider utilizing intensities >100% VO2max (supramaximal) to elicit improvements in CRF. Intensities ranging from 85-95% VO2max are sufficient to augment CRF in interventions exceeding 7 weeks. The effect of HIIT on body composition is less clear. Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) and energy expenditure greatly exceeding 1000 MET-minutes per week may account for reductions in FM. However, there is no guarantee that these reasons alone account for all reductions in FM. There were improvements in FFM across very few studies (n = 6). It is suggested that aerobic-based HIIT be supplemented with resistance training to generate superior improvements in FFM. Furthermore, lack of controlled diet across all studies makes it difficult to determine if caloric intake could account for any changes in body composition. While HIIT may be an effective and time-efficient protocol for women, future research should focus on ecological validity and women’s adherence to such vigorous training, specifically within non-athletic and sedentary subgroups.

Download or read book Effect of High Intensity Interval Training HIIT on Vascular Function and Insulin Sensitivity written by Shinichiro Sugiura and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is characterized by short bursts of vigorous physical activity, interspersed by periods of rest or low-intensity exercise of varying durations. HIIT may be used as an effective alternative to traditional endurance training, resulting in similar or greater improvements in a number of physiological, performance, and health-related indices in both healthy and in individuals with chronic diseases. The present thesis examined the effects of a two-week HIIT program on measures of aerobic fitness, vascular function (Chapter 3) and insulin sensitivity (Chapter 4). The first study demonstrated no effect on flow-mediated dilation or peak oxygen uptake following two weeks of HIIT with L-arginine supplement compared to HIIT alone, although both groups improved time to exhaustion and the peak work rate during progressive ramp exercise to fatigue. The results of the second study demonstrated six session of HIIT had no effect on glucose appearance and removal (i.e. oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT) or insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals with family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or in healthy individuals without a family history of T2DM. However, results of the multiple regression analysis indicated that high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) significantly predicted insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals with a family history of T2DM. In order to prevent chronic diseases, such as T2DM, as well as other diseases that have a sedentary lifestyle as a primary risk factor, it is critical that individuals engage in regular physical activity in an effort to curb the rising trends in the prevalence of hypokinetic diseases. Although the results of the present investigation did not provide significant findings in this group of young, healthy adults, further investigations are necessary, including an examination of the physiological adaptations and compliance associated with longer term HIIT exercise programs, the inclusion of additional patient populations, and the optimal combination of exercise intensity, duration and recovery intervals in order to promote HIIT as an effective, efficient alternative training method.

Download or read book The Effects of Low Volume High Intensity Interval Training Vs Periodized High Intensity Interval Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Sedentary Women with Obesity written by Amy Clark and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To investigate effects of two high intensity interval training (HIIT) regimes on changes in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), O2 pulse and ventilatory threshold (VT) in obese, sedentary women. Methods: 17 obese sedentary women (age and BMI=37.5±10.5 years and 39.0±4.7 kg/m2) participated in a six-week exercise intervention with three training sessions per week. Participants were randomized to low volume HIIT (LOW) (n=9, VO2max=21.5±3.2 mL/kg/min) or periodized HIIT (PER) (n=8, VO2max=17.3±2.4mL/kg/min). VO2max and peak power output (PPO) were measured on a cycle ergometer at baseline and at 3 and at 6 weeks using a ramp exercise test. Women in LOW completed repeated 60 second bouts of HIIT at 70-85% PPO; whereas, women in PER performed a different number of bouts and intensities each week. Results: There was a significant difference in relative (p=0.002; LOW: 21.5±3.2 vs. 22.5±3.2 mL/kg/min; PER: 17.3±2.41 vs. 18.0±2.2 mL/kg/min) and absolute (p=0.001; LOW: 2.1±0.3 vs. 2.2±0.3 L/min; PER: 1.9±0.4 vs. 2.0±0.3 L/min) VO2max across time, but no interaction (p=0.79 and p=0.53). There was no change in VT expressed as VT % VO2max (p=0.24) yet there was a group X time interaction (p=0.043). VT expressed in Watts was significantly different over time (p=0.001) but there was no group X time interaction (p=0.09). O2 pulse significantly increased from pre- to post-training (p=.003) but there was no time X group interaction (p=0.95). Conclusion: Although there were no significant differences between regimes, HIIT elicits significant changes in VO2max, O2 pulse and VT in sedentary women with obesity, which are improve health status.

Download or read book The Effect of a Six week Interval Training Program on Cardiovascular Fitness Body Composition and Agility of a High School Boys Soccer Team written by Jeffrey J. Parr and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: