Download or read book The Effects of 10 Days of Endurance Exercise Training on Whole Body Fat Oxidation in Lean and Obese Women written by Melissa Anne Reed and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of 10 Days of Endurance Exercise Training on Skeletal Muscle Fatty Acid Oxidation in Lean African American and Caucasian Women written by Jessica L. Basilio and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of 10 Days of Endurance Exercise Training on Skeletal Muscle Fatty Acid Oxidation in Obese African American and Caucasian Women written by Kimberly M. Sandhoff and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of 10 Days of Endurance Exercise Training on Gene Expression Regulating Skeletal Muscle Fatty Acid Oxidation in Obese African American Vs Caucasian Women written by Melanie A. Sweazey and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of 10 Days of Endurance Exercise Training on Lipolysis in Obese African American Vs Caucasian Women written by Courtney J. File and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sport Nutrition written by Asker E. Jeukendrup and published by Human Kinetics Publishers. This book was released on 2009-12-31 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of "Sport Nutrition: An Introduction to Energy Production and Performance" presents the principles, background, and rationale for current nutrition guidelines specifically for athletes. Using a physiological basis, this text provides an in-depth look at the science behind sport nutrition. Students will come away with a comprehensive understanding of nutrition as it relates to sport and the influence of nutrition on exercise performance, training, and recovery. The chapters and the material within each chapter are sequenced in a logical order that will help instructors deliver a better course and spend less time in preparing lectures and tutorials. Instructors will also enjoy the completely new ancillaries with this edition, including an online instructor guide, test package, PowerPoint presentation package, and image bank. This text contains updated and expanded information to keep students current on the latest findings in sport nutrition: - A new chapter on training adaptations, including effects of nutrition on overtraining - New information on weight management and body composition for athletes - New research on carbohydrate and new recommendations for carbohydrate intake during training - An expanded discussion on the role of protein in strength and endurance exercise training - The latest information on exercise, nutrition, and immune function The new content complements the strong foundational information that the authors provided in the previous edition, including fuel sources for muscle and exercise metabolism, energy requirements for various sports, and a complete grounding in the macronutrients (carbohydrate, fat, and protein) and the micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). With more than 200 illustrations, new highlight boxes, and tables and sidebars throughout the text, students will be able to more easily grasp the scientific concepts presented in this text. Each chapter also includes learning objectives, key terms, and key points to help readers retain the information. The text presents not only nutrition principles but also the exercise biochemistry involved and the energy needs of athletes. Readers will better understand how supplements may be used in an athlete's diet, and they will learn how to separate fact from fallacy regarding the claims of the numerous nutritional supplements available today. More than a simple prescription of recommendations, this second edition of" Sport Nutrition" features a unique presentation that facilitates readers' understanding of the science supporting the nutrition recommendations. As a result, students will be prepared for advanced study and future careers, and professionals will gain the knowledge and confidence to provide sound advice to athletes.
Download or read book The Effects of Nitric Oxide on Lipolysis in Obese Women Before and After 10 Days of Endurance Training written by Emily Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition written by Manfred Lamprecht and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of antioxidants in sports is controversial due to existing evidence that they both support and hinder athletic performance. Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition covers antioxidant use in the athlete ́s basic nutrition and discusses the controversies surrounding the usefulness of antioxidant supplementation. The book also stresses how antioxidants may affect immunity, health, and exercise performance. The book contains scientifically based chapters explaining the basic mechanisms of exercise-induced oxidative damage. Also covered are methodological approaches to assess the effectiveness of antioxidant treatment. Biomarkers are discussed as a method to estimate the bioefficacy of dietary/supplemental antioxidants in sports. This book is useful for sport nutrition scientists, physicians, exercise physiologists, product developers, sport practitioners, coaches, top athletes, and recreational athletes. In it, they will find objective information and practical guidance.
Download or read book THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE AND EXERCISE TRAINING ON FAT OXIDATION IN OLDER ADULTS written by Atcharaporn Limprasertkul and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The population aged 65 and older in the United State is anticipated to increase by 53% by 2020. Aging is associated with changes in body composition and metabolism resulting in decreased maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). In addition, gender, inactivity and diet in elderly may increase the risk of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes. Among the potential mechanisms associated with these changes may be reduced fat oxidation (FO). The immune system affects the factors described above, and in turn there are age-related changes in immune function which may lead to immunosenescence, thereby increasing the chance for infections and risks for some diseases. A common treatment for metabolic disturbances and immune function is statin drugs which decrease low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events and may reduce inflammatory processes.^The purpose of this dissertation was to determine if FO was reduced in elderly, specifically after correcting for other factors (e.g. diet, activity level, reduced VO2max etc.), and to investigate the impact FO has on immune responses to stress (exercise), and finally the benefits and consequences of statin therapy.Hypotheses: The following hypotheses were tested: 1) Elderly will have reduced fat oxidation, even after correction for the reduced maximal aerobic power, compared to young subjects. 2) The reduced fat oxidation in the elderly will be associated with reduced release and uptake of fats for metabolism, compared to young. 3) Aerobic exercise training in the elderly will improve fat oxidation, but will not reach the same level as the young. 4) Elderly will have an exaggerated immune response to exercise stress, which will be reduced by exercise training.^5) Statin therapy will significantly reduce fat oxidation.Protocol: To test these hypotheses, a series of studies were conducted. First, a retrospective analysis of total body fat oxidation from a randomized controlled study that was designed to test the effectiveness of an aerobic exercise program in elderly was completed. Second, a study was conducted to test total body fat oxidation, substrate delivery and immune responses to exercise in the elderly compared to young. In addition, an aerobic training program was conducted with the elderly to examine the total body fat oxidation, substrate delivery and immune response before and after training.^Third, compare elderly subjects on statin therapy with a matched control group for the above variables.Methods: In the first study, total body FO during progressive VO2max test on a cycle ergometer in sedentary young and elderly subjects was compared and then the effect of aerobic exercise training on FO in elderly determined. Healthy young women (n = 12), men (n = 10), elderly women (n = 44) and elderly men (n = 44) completed a VO2max test. Respiratory exchange ratio (RER = VCO2/ VO2) was measured as an estimate of FO. Elderly women and men (n =22 each) completed 8 weeks of aerobic exercise training (1 hr, 3 sessions/wk) on a cycle ergometer. For the second study, FO, VO2max, blood lipids, and the immune response to exercise in elderly (N=14) compared to young (n=16) and elderly prior to and after aerobic exercise training (12 wks, 3 sessions/wk for 1 hr).^VO2max and sustained submaximal (70% of VO2max) exercise tests were completed, as were pre and post-exercise blood samples. For the last study, elderly on statin therapy (n = 14) were compared to elderly control subjects (n = 14). FO was determined during maximal and sustained submaximal exercise protocol. Blood samples were drawn for lipid analysis and immune function.Results: VO2 and RER increased linearly with exercise intensity for young and elderly. RER was significantly higher in women than men (p = 0.001), in both young and elderly (p = 0.001). At submaximal VO2, RER increased as a function of VO2, and in elderly the slope increased significantly more than young (young men, RER = 0.12 VO2 + 0.71; elderly men, RER = 0.27 VO2 + 0.71; young women, RER = 0.33 VO2 + 0.54; elderly women, RER = 0.49 VO2 + 0.60, RER/L/min).^Exercise training in elderly increased VO2max (20% in elderly women, 30% in elderly men) and decreased RER at submaximal VO2 in elderly men (RER = 0.21 VO2 + 0.75), but not for elderly women. These data were confirmed in the second study where young had significantly higher VO2max than elderly (30.3 " 6.7 ml/min/kg vs. 16.7 " 6.2 ml/min/kg, p = 0.001). Young also had lower RER at all VO2's than elderly; however, not after correction for VO2max. Young had longer sustained exercise duration (45.5 " 17.6 min) than elderly pre-training (30.2 " 14.0 min). None of the differences between young and elderly could be accounted for by diet or daily activity levels. After 12 weeks of aerobic training in elderly, there was a significant increase in VO2max (14.53 " 3.68 to 24.54 " 4.57 ml/min/kg, p = 0.001).^After training, fasting total cholesterol (TC, 193 " 43 mg/dL) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (118 " 34 mg/dL) did not change, while triglycerides (TG) (81 " 36 mg/dL to 115 " 59 mg/dL, p = 0.009) increased. After the VO2max test, post-training, RER (slope = 0.012 vs. 0.016, p = 0.001) and blood lactate (31%, p = 0.028) were significantly lower, while glucose increased (7%, p = 0.04). TG increased by the VO2max test (10-15%) both pre and post-training. After training, submaximal exercise time (58.3 " 27.3 min vs. 30.2 " 14.0 min, p = 0.02), glucose (20%, p = 0.038) and TG increased (6-18%, p = 0.024), while RER was reduced (0.90 " 0.03 vs. 1.00 " 0.03, p = 0.04). Although total caloric intake was higher in young, the balance of carbohydrates, fats and proteins was similar in young and elderly (about 53, 26 and 19%, respectively). In young subjects, no cytokines were increased after the VO2max test.^After the submaximal test in young, IL-1 & beta; (8 " 4 pg/ml) and IL-10 (0.7" 0.6 pg/ml) were not affected by exercise, while IL-6 increased significantly (1.9 " 1.3 to 2.9 " 2.2 pg/ml). In elderly after VO2max test, IL-1 & beta; increased (7.9 " 1.4 to 8.9 " 5.5 pg/ml, p = 0.05) and IL-10 decreased (0.6 " 1.1 to 0.8 " 1.5 pg/ml, p = 0.04). There were no differences between cytokines in young and elderly subjects (p = 0.38 to 0.63). For elderly there were no significant effects of exercise on IL-1 & beta;, IL-6 or IL-10 after 12 weeks of training. In the last study, RER was significantly higher in subjects taking statins during both the VO2max and submaximal tests, indicating reduced FO. Blood lipoprotein levels during exercise were not affected by statins nor were levels of glucose, lactate, or TG. However, free fatty acid levels were significantly elevated by exercise. Statin therapy did not affect IL-1 & beta; or TNF- & alpha;, but increased IL-6.^Conclusions: FO was reduced in the elderly before training, and remained lower than young even after VO2max and FO were increased after training, particularly in women. Elderly did not have reduced fat availability from blood or FO after correction for VO2max during exercise on a treadmill, which increased after training; and sustained exercise duration increased; however this 12 week aerobic training had little effect on the cardiovascular risk factors measured in this study. Neither young nor elderly healthy untrained subjects demonstrated inflammatory responses to exercise and training. In addition, cytokine production was not significantly altered in elderly. It appears that factors other than age may negatively impact the immune system in elderly subjects, i.e. diet, inactivity, diseases, etc.^Although statin therapy lowers baseline blood lipoproteins, its secondary effects need further consideration as FO was significantly reduced in elderly, and this could not be accounted for by diet, exercise, fitness or availability of fat from the blood.
Download or read book AMP activated Protein Kinase written by Mario D. Cordero and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-02 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AMPK has emerged as an important integrator of signals that control energy balance through the regulation of multiple biochemical pathways in eukaryotes. This book focuses on the implications of AMPK as a master metabolic regulator in diseases, including new methods and animal models. The contributions are written by leading experts in the field and give an extensive overview of the current knowledge of AMPK biology and the role of AMPK in health and disease.
Download or read book Diet and Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.
Download or read book Effect of Acute Exercise on Whole Body Fat Oxidation written by Marysa M. W. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In consideration of the rising prevalence of obesity and its effect on metabolic health and disease, this study was conducted to examine mechanisms involved in adipose tissue function following an acute bout of exercise in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. Sedentary, overweight/obese women (n=10, BMI=30.6+6.0 kg·m-2, VO2peak=30.3+5.4 m·Lkg-1·min-1)completed 2 visits to the lab in which they either exercised for 1 hour or a rested in bed for the equivalent time (control). Experiments were executed randomly using a randomized cross-over study design. Gas exchange measures were measured at three time points before biopsies and subcutaneous adipose biopsies were obtained pre-condition, immediately after condition (0hr), two hours post (2hr), and four hours post (4hr). Acute exercise had significant effects whole body fat oxidation and phosphorylation of insulin signalling proteins, but had no effect on the phosphorylation of proteins regulating the expression of glyceroneogenic genes. In combination, these results suggest that acute exercise can transiently decrease insulin signalling although the mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. Additionally, acute exercise had no effect on the phosphorylation of proteins that are thought to regulate glyceroneogenic gene expression, suggesting that there are either alternative mechanisms involved or that time since the consumption of a meal is a greater stimulus for the activation/upregulation of glyceroneogenesis. Our findings suggest that acute exercise may acutely alter function of adipose tissue such that it contributes to elevations in whole body fatty acid metabolism, however, whether or not chronic adaptations are induced remains an important area for future study.
Download or read book Effects of Exercise Training Modalities on Fat Oxidation in Overweight and Obese Women written by Vicky Karen Phillips and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Protein Pacing Diet written by Dr Paul J. Arciero and published by Outskirts Press. This book was released on 2019-02-22 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: KEEP YOUR EYES ON THE PRISE! Proof that self-care is the new healthcare, powered by PROTEIN PACING(R) and the PRISE(R) LIFE Dr. Paul J. Arciero is the world's leading nutrition, exercise and applied physiology scientist and keynote speaker. In his compelling new book he presents the science behind the way we are exercising and eating is all wrong. His human clinical research findings have been condensed into a single guide designed to help the everyday overstressed busy person, weekend warriors, and even Olympians get off the crazy-diet roller coaster and live with optimal health and performance. His scientifically proven PRISE Life Protocol, powered by his Protein Pacing Diet, is healthier and easier than fad diets and the overexertion of most exercise routines. Dr. Paul's Protein Pacing & PRISE Life secrets are finally revealed - from what to eat and when to eat using his 'Morning Muscle Maximizer' and 'Bedtime Bellyfat Burner', to debunking the many health, fitness, and diet myths that arise daily. Consulted by the highest level media outlets - O Magazine, The Wall Street Journal, Fox News, Prevention, Good Housekeeping, WebMD, TIME, Huffington Post, Glamour, Women's Health, Men's Health, and many more - he answers the call to share his knowledge. It's time to join the millions of people worldwide who have heard his message: Put an end to fad diets and harmful exercise programs, and 'Never Diet Again' by Keeping Your Eyes on the PRISE!
Download or read book Nutrition and Fitness written by Artemis P. Simopoulos and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second of two volumes recording the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Nutrition and Fitness. The papers in this volume provide scientific information on the interrelationship of diet and physical activity in health and disease from the metabolic and behavioral standpoint. Stimulating and well-organized, this volume will interest geneticists, anthropologists, exercise physiologists, nutritionists and dietitians, psychologists and psychiatrists, pediatricians, internists, general practitioners, health care providers, industrial scientists, policymakers, and national and international governmental organizations.
Download or read book Possible Mechanisms to Explain Abdominal Fat Loss Effect of Exercise Training Other Than Fatty Acid Oxidation written by Chia-Hua Kuo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-07 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Seven Days of Endurance Training on Insulin Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Activity and PC 1 Content in Obese Subjects written by Stefanie U. Keen and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
