Download or read book The Effects and Mechanisms of Action of the Substance P N terminus on Nociceptive Transmission in the Spinal Cord written by Virginia Mary Goettl and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Control of Nociceptive Transmission in the Spinal Cord written by W.D. Willis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of the Substance P N terminus on Opioid Dependence Withdrawal and Acute Tolerance written by Julie Solien Kreeger and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Control of Nociceptive Transmission in the Spinal Cord written by William D. Willis and published by Springer Verlag. This book was released on 1982-01-01 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanisms of Drug Action on the Nervous System written by Ronald W. Ryall and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989-05-25 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensively revised from the first edition (1979). Examines the mechanisms by which drugs cause their therapeutic effects and side-effects, in relation to underlying physiological and pathological processes. A textbook for undergraduates in pre-clinical medicine, pharmacology, and natural sciences,
Download or read book Placebo and Pain written by Falk Eippert and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Placebo analgesia is an illustrative example of the impact that psychological factors can have on the experience of pain. While this form of pain modulation is mediated by multiple neurobiological mechanisms, one influential explanation posits that a descending pain control system contributes to placebo effects in pain. Here, we first give an overview of descending pain control as established in animal studies, focusing on an opioid-dependent system that includes the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) as core regions and controls nociceptive processing already at the level of the spinal cord. We then review functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies that provide evidence for an involvement of this system in placebo analgesia. Finally, we have a look at the role of the spinal cord in placebo analgesia, focusing on spinal fMRI studies.
Download or read book The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics written by Raymond S. Sinatra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-14 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics is an invaluable practical resource for clinicians giving pain relief in any clinical setting, describing the pharmacologic principles and clinical use of all available pain medications. As well as detailed overviews of pain processing and analgesic theory, sections are dedicated to oral and panteral opioid analgesics, neuraxial opioids, NSAIDs, local anesthetics, anticonvulsant type analgesics, NMDA antagonists, alpha adrenergic analgesics, antidepressant analgesics, muscle relaxants, adjuvant medications, and new and emerging analgesics. The concise format of the chapters allows for quick and easy reading and assimilation of information. Enhanced by summary tables and figures, each chapter provides an overview of a particular drug, covering chemical structure, mode of activity, indications, contraindications, common doses and uses, advantages and disadvantages, and drug related adverse events. Key references are also provided. Edited by leading experts in pain management, this is essential reading for any clinician involved in pain management.
Download or read book Peripheral Neurons in Nociception written by Jean-Marie R. Besson and published by John Libbey Eurotext. This book was released on 1994 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a review of studies on the physiopharmacology of the peripheral fibres involved in nociception. It examines the substances that are directly or indirectly capable of modifying the activity of these fibres, paying special attention to the part played by physicochemical factors and the sympathetic nervous system. Drawing on the conclusions of eminent pharmacologists, the book not only considers fundamental aspects of the problem but also suggests approaches for research into developing new analgesic molecules. It will be of interest to researchers, pharmacologists, physiologists, physicians and the pharmaceutical industry.
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms for the Modulation of Nociceptive Transmission in the Peripheral and Central Nervous Systems written by Eiichi Kumamoto and published by . This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nociceptive information from the periphery is transmitted through primary-afferent fibers to spinal dorsal horn, particularly substantia gelatinosa (lamina II) neurons. This information flows to the thalamus and then to the primary sensory area of the cerebral cortex, eliciting nociceptive sensation. In addition to the pathway responsible for the sensory aspect of pain, there is another pathway involved in the emotional aspect of pain that affects the pain perception. Such a nociceptive transmission is modulated by a variety of endogenous and exogenous chemical substances in the peripheral and central nervous systems. This book entitled as Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms for the Modulation of Nociceptive Transmission in the Peripheral and Central Nervous Systems gives some examples of such a modulation of nociceptive transmission that was revealed from morphological, electrophysiological and behavioral studies. Chapter 1 describes a detail of the structure of synapses which are formed between primary-afferent fibers and substantia gelatinosa neurons being thought to play an important role in regulating the nociceptive transmission. Chapter 2 makes a general survey of the involvement of TRP channels in detecting nociceptive stimuli. Chapter 3 raises a question regarding the well-known modulatory role of prostaglandin E2 on tetrodotoxin-resistant Na+ channels expressed in primary-afferent neurons in inflammatory hyperalgesia. Although ATP is well-known to act as a chemical messenger to transfer sensory information, Chapters 4 and 5 mention that the activation of ionotropic P2X receptors for ATP participates in the modulation of nociceptive transmission at the peripheral and central nervous systems. Chapter 6 demonstrates that m-opioid receptor mediated membrane hyperpolarization and reduction of L-glutamate release from nerve terminals in the substantia gelatinosa play a pivotal role in the antinociceptive effect of opioids at the spinal dorsal horn level. Chapter 7 describes how phospholipase A2 activation affects glutamatergic excitatory and (GABAergic and/or glycinergic) inhibitory transmission in the substantia gelatinosa by using melittin as a tool to activate this enzyme. It has been pointed out in Chapter 8 that a down-regulation of inhibitory neurotransmitters (GABA and glycine) and their receptors, or a cell death of inhibitory interneurons in the substantia gelatinosa may result in neuropathic pain. Chapter 9 demonstrates that subcutaneous injection of bee venom, particularly melittin, in rats would cause a series of pathophysiological processes of pain which can mimic multiple manifestations of clinical pathological pain. Although pain contains not only sensory but also emotional responses, Chapters 10 and 11 mention that the midbrain and anterior cingulate cortex play an important role in the emotional aspect of pain. In summary, this book is relevant for graduate students and researchers who are interested in the modulation of nociceptive transmission at the cellular and molecular level. I express cordial thank to Dr. S.G. Pandalai for kindly giving me an opportunity to edit this book and Dr. T. Fujita for her great help in preparation of the final version of all the manuscripts and figures.
Download or read book Substance P in the Nervous System written by Ruth Porter and published by Financial Times/Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1982 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Substance P and Afferent Transmission in the Spinal Cord written by D Mark Wright and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Initial Processing of Pain and Its Descending Control written by Alan R. Light and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 1992 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spinal Cord Injury SCI Switches How GABA Affects Nociceptive Plasticity written by Yung-Jen Huang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research has shown that spinal cord injury (SCI) can induce neural hyperexcitability within the spinal cord that facilitates nociceptive reflexes. Nociceptive inputs have been shown to sensitize spinal nociceptive systems, inducing a learning deficit and enhanced mechanical reactivity (EMR) in spinally transected rats. Nociceptive sensitization has been linked to abnormal GABA-mediated inhibition of nociceptive neurons within the spinal cord. However, underlying changes remain poorly understood. This dissertation were designed to test the effect of blocking GABA transmission on nociceptive sensitization after spinal cord injury. Experiment 1 focused on the effect of bicuculline on shock-induced EMR in transected rats, finding blocking effect of bicuculline. Experiments 2 and 4 investigated whether bicuculline blocks inflammation-induced EMR. I found bicuculline pretreatment prevented both LPS and capsaicin-induced EMR. Further, capsaicin-induced EMR was reversed by bicuculline treatment (Experiment 5). Experiment 6 found that other GABA receptor antagonists also blocked the capsaicin-induced EMR. Of clinical importance, bicuculline blocked indices of capsaicin-induced central sensitization at the mRNA level (Experiment 7) and protein level (Experiment 8). These results suggest that bicuculline blocks central sensitization in spinally transected rats and that GABA has an excitatory effect. To explore whether a spinal transection alters GABA function, similar experimental manipulations were conducted in intact rats. Experiment 9 found that bicuculline treatment per se induced EMR and failed to block the capsaicin-induced EMR. Experiments 10 and 11 found that bicuculline did not block central sensitization at the cellular level. These results suggest that GABA inhibits nociceptive processing in intact rats, but promotes it after spinal injury. Experiment 12 explored that spinal transection induced a downregulation of the membrane-bound KCC2, and thereby changed intracellular chloride homeostasis. To test whether drug manipulation targeting chloride co-transporters switch the role of GABA in nociceptive sensitization, channel blockers targeting KCC2 and NKCC1 were tested. Experiment 13 showed that blocking KCC2 in intact rats causes bicuculline to attenuate capsaicin-induced EMR. Conversely, Experiment 14 showed that blocking NKCC1 in transected rats switches how bicuculline affects capsaicin-induced EMR. Taken together, my results suggest that spinal cord injury switches the effect of GABA in nociceptive sensitization by altering the intracellular chloride homeostasis. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155236
Download or read book Directory of Women in Science and Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acute Pain Management written by Raymond S. Sinatra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides an overview of pain management useful to specialists as well as non-specialists, surgeons, and nursing staff.
