Download or read book The Effect of Woodpecker Damage on the Reliability of Wood Utility Poles written by Olivier Daigle and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydro One, a major distribution of electricity in Ontario, has reported that approximately 16,000 of the wood utility poles in its network of two million poles have been damaged by woodpeckers. With a cost of replacement of approximately $4000 per pole, replacing all affected poles is an expensive enterprise. Previous research conducted at UW attempted to quantify how different levels of woodpecker damage affected the pole strength. In the course of this research, some shear failures were observed. Utility poles being slender cantilevered structures, failures in shear are not expected. The objectives of this study were to determine the effective shear strength of wood utility poles and to determine the reliability of wood utility poles under different configurations, including poles that had been damaged by woodpeckers. An experimental programme was developed and conducted to determine the effective shear strength of wood poles. Red Pine wood pole stubs were used for this purpose. The stubs were slotted with two transverse half-depth cuts parallel to one another but with openings in opposite directions. A shear plane was formed between these two slots. The specimens were loaded longitudinally and the failure load was recorded and divided by the failure plane area to determine the shear strength. The moisture content of each specimen was recorded and used to normalize each data point to 12 % moisture content. The experimental study showed that the mean shear strength of the Red Pine specimens adjusted to 12 % moisture content was 2014 kPa (COV 47.5 %) when calculated using gross shear area, and 2113 kPa (COV 40.5 %) when calculated using net area. The shear strength of full-size pole specimens can be represented using a log-normal distribution with a scale parameter of [lambda] = 0.5909 and a shape parameter of [zeta] = 0.5265. iii The reliability of Red Pine wood utility poles was determined analytically. A structural analysis model was developed using Visual Basic for Applications in Excel and used in conjunction with Monte Carlo simulation. Statistical distribution parameters for wind loads and ice accretion for the Thunder Bay, Ontario region were obtained from literature. Similarly, statistical data were obtained for the modulus of rupture and shear strength from previous research conducted at UW as well as the experimental programme conducted in this research. The effects of various properties on reliability were tested parametrically. Tested parameters included the height of poles above ground, construction grade, end- of-life criterion, and various levels of woodpecker damage. To evaluate the results of the analysis, the calculated reliability levels were compared to the annual reliability level of 98 % suggested in CAN/CSA-C22.3 No. 60826. Results of this reliability study showed that taller poles tend to have lower reliability than shorter ones, likely due to second-order effects having a greater influence on taller poles. The Construction Grade, a factor which dictates the load factors used during design, has a significant impact on the reliability of wood utility pole, with poles designed using Construction Grade 3 having a reliability level below the 98 % threshold. Poles designed based on Construction Grade 2 and 3 having reached the end-of-life criterion (60 % remaining strength) had reliability below this threshold whilst CG1-designed pole reliability remained above it. Wood poles with exploratory- and feeding-level woodpecker damage were found to have an acceptable level of reliability. Those with nesting-level damage had reliability below the suggested limits. Poles with feeding and nesting damage showed an increase in shear failure. The number of observed shear failure depended on the orientation of the damage. Woodpecker damage with the opening oriented with the neutral axis (i.e., the opening perpendicular to the direction of loading) produced a greater number of shear failure compared to woodpecker damage oriented with the extreme bending fibres.

Download or read book Effect of Woodpecker Damage and Wood Decay on Wood Utility Pole Strength written by Mark C. Steenhof and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many regions of North America, Europe, and Australia, wood utility poles are used as main and secondary structural members for the support of electrical distribution and transmission lines. In the province of Ontario alone there are over 40000 H-frame, 6000 Gulfport, and thousands of single pole structures constructed of over 2 million wood utility poles (Pandey et al. 2010b). Currently, utility companies report an increasing number of woodpecker damage incidents on in-service utility poles (HONI 2010). In addition, many aging poles have woodpecker damage in combination with wood decay. Both these forms of degradation cause strength reductions in utility poles, making their structural integrity questionable. This has raised concerns regarding the safety of utility maintenance workers and the public, and the dependability of the electrical network. In response to these concerns, Hydro One Networks Incorporated (HONI) initiated a research project on the effect of woodpecker damage and wood decay on wood utility pole strength. The objective of the research was to develop methods of quantifying the strength reduction caused by woodpecker damage and wood decay. This information was then used to develop in-service assessment methods for determination of whether pole replacement is necessary when specific levels of woodpecker damage and wood decay are present. By developing better assessment methods, in-service utility poles will not be unnecessarily replaced, reducing maintenance costs.

Download or read book Woodpecker Damage to Wooden Utility Poles written by Robert Louis Rumsey and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Prevention of Woodpecker Damage to Wooden Utility Poles written by Richard N. Jorgensen and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Inventory of Current Energy Research and Development written by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wood Pole Woodpecker Damage Repair written by Engineering and Research Center (U.S.). Division of Operation and Maintenance Technical Services and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Patriot Generating Station written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1086 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1973- include the following subject areas: Biological sciences, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environmental sciences, Health sciences, Engineering, Mathematics and statistics, Earth sciences, Physics, Education, Psychology, Sociology, Anthropology, History, Law & political science, Business & economics, Geography & regional planning, Language & literature, Fine arts, Library & information science, Mass communications, Music, Philosophy and Religion.

Download or read book Power Distribution Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Telegraph and Telephone Age written by and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wood Handbook written by Forest Products Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers written by and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers written by Institution of Electrical Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book These Precious Days written by Ann Patchett and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The beloved New York Times bestselling author reflects on home, family, friendships and writing in this deeply personal collection of essays. "The elegance of Patchett’s prose is seductive and inviting: with Patchett as a guide, readers will really get to grips with the power of struggles, failures, and triumphs alike." —Publisher's Weekly “Any story that starts will also end.” As a writer, Ann Patchett knows what the outcome of her fiction will be. Life, however, often takes turns we do not see coming. Patchett ponders this truth in these wise essays that afford a fresh and intimate look into her mind and heart. At the center of These Precious Days is the title essay, a surprising and moving meditation on an unexpected friendship that explores “what it means to be seen, to find someone with whom you can be your best and most complete self.” When Patchett chose an early galley of actor and producer Tom Hanks’ short story collection to read one night before bed, she had no idea that this single choice would be life changing. It would introduce her to a remarkable woman—Tom’s brilliant assistant Sooki—with whom she would form a profound bond that held monumental consequences for them both. A literary alchemist, Patchett plumbs the depths of her experiences to create gold: engaging and moving pieces that are both self-portrait and landscape, each vibrant with emotion and rich in insight. Turning her writer’s eye on her own experiences, she transforms the private into the universal, providing us all a way to look at our own worlds anew, and reminds how fleeting and enigmatic life can be. From the enchantments of Kate DiCamillo’s children’s books (author of The Beatryce Prophecy) to youthful memories of Paris; the cherished life gifts given by her three fathers to the unexpected influence of Charles Schultz’s Snoopy; the expansive vision of Eudora Welty to the importance of knitting, Patchett connects life and art as she illuminates what matters most. Infused with the author’s grace, wit, and warmth, the pieces in These Precious Days resonate deep in the soul, leaving an indelible mark—and demonstrate why Ann Patchett is one of the most celebrated writers of our time.

Download or read book Power Line Fire Prevention Field Guide written by Howard E. Moore and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Building News and Engineering Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 1058 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes annual report of its council (1941-48, in pt. 1).