Download or read book The effect of welding parameters on mechanical properties and microstructural behaviour of Al Alloy 6061 using TIG written by Vishavdeep Singh and published by BookRix. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated tungsten inert gas welding process involves a method of increasing penetration capability of the arc in TIG welding. This is achieved through the application of a thin coating of activated flux onto the joint surface prior to welding. This leads to strong joint. This paper deals with the study of microstructural and mechanical properties of aluminium alloy AA-6061 weld joints using A-TIG welding. During the experiment the welding current and gas flow rate are used as variable parameters and welding speed kept as constant. In this activated TIG welding process, there were five single component fluxes which are CdCl2, SiO2, MgO, Al2O3 and TiO2 used in the initial experiment to evaluate Welding current, Gas Flow Rate, Flux by joining plates by using A-TIG welds. Based on the higher penetration of weld bead, two single component fluxes SiO2 and TiO2 were selected for actual experiment. The values of optimum welding current and gas flow rate and flux was finding out from the experiment. Welding specimen were investigated using scanning electron microscope, vicker's micro hardness test and tensile strength. The SiO2 flux produced the most noticeable effect in terms of tensile strength and micro hardness.

Download or read book Mechanical Metallurgical and Fatigue Properties of Friction Stir Welded and Tungsten Inert Gas Welded AA6061 T6 Aluminium Alloys written by Akshansh Mishra and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-09-11 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project Report from the year 2017 in the subject Engineering - Mechanical Engineering, grade: 8.9, SRM University, language: English, abstract: This paper deals with the mechanical, microstructural and fatigue analysis of welded joints. In the study, 6061-T6 aluminium alloy plates in 4mm thickness, that are particularly used for aerospace and in automotive industries, were welded using Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding and Friction Stir Welding (FSW) methods as similar joints with one side pass and parameters of varying tool rotation, weld speed and 2.3 degree tool tilt angle. The weld zones cross sections were analysed with light optical microscopy (LOM). During recent years several investigations have been made of fatigue properties of friction stir welded joints. The great majority of available data from the fatigue analysis of friction stir welded joints are concerned with uniaxial loading conditions for a simple geometry. In uniaxial loading nominal stress is normally used as reference stress and it is easy to determine. However, fatigue failure is a highly localized phenomenon in engineering components and determining the nominal stress is not always possible due to the complexity of structures and presence of stress concentrators such as notches and cracks in which many approaches based on local parameters.

Download or read book The Welding of Aluminium and Its Alloys written by G Mathers and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-09-24 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Welding of Aluminium and its Alloys is a practical user's guide to all aspects of welding aluminium and aluminium alloys. It provides a basic understanding of the metallurgical principles involved showing how alloys achieve their strength and how the process of welding can affect these properties. The book is intended to provide engineers with perhaps little prior understanding of metallurgy and only a brief acquaintance with the welding processes involved with a concise and effective reference to the subject.It is intended as a practical guide for the Welding Engineer and covers weldability of aluminium alloys; process descriptions, advantages, limitations, proposed weld parameters, health and safety issues; preparation for welding, quality assurance and quality control issues along with problem solving.The book includes sections on parent metal storage and preparation prior to welding. It describes the more frequently encountered processes and has recommendations on welding parameters that may be used as a starting point for the development of a viable welding procedure. Included in these chapters are hints and tips to avoid some of the pitfalls of welding these sometimes-problematic materials. The content is both descriptive and qualitative. The author has avoided the use of mathematical expressions to describe the effects of welding.This book is essential reading for welding engineers, production engineers, production managers, designers and shop-floor supervisors involved in the aluminium fabrication industry. A practical user's guide by a respected expert to all aspects of welding of aluminium Designed to be easily understood by the non-metallurgist whilst covering the most necessary metallurgical aspects Demonstrates best practice in fabricating aluminium structures

Download or read book The effect of post welded heat treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of friction stir welded Al 6063 written by Jasveer Singh and published by BookRix. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aluminium is the third most abundant element (after oxygen and silicon), and the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust. Aluminium is remarkable for the metal's low density and for its ability to resist corrosion due to the phenomenon of passivation. Structural components made from aluminium and its alloys are vital to the aerospace industry and are important in other areas of transportation and structural materials Welding plays a crucial role or say as a back bone of manufacturing industry to join the components. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a relatively new joining process that has been demonstrated in a variety of metals such as steel, titanium, lead, copper and aluminium. The unique properties of friction stir welds make possible some completely new structural designs with significant impact to ship design and construction. Friction stir welding is especially advantageous for joining aluminium and has been exploited commercially around the world in several industries. In the present work the effects of welding speed have been investigated on the microstructural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded aluminium alloy 6063. FSW was carried out at rotational speed of 1300 rpm (constant) and transverse speeds of 35, 50 and 65 mm/min. Mechanical performance has been investigated in terms of hardness, wear resistance and tensile strength. To study the effect of post welding heat treatment on properties of friction stir welded joint, the artificial ageing was carried out at 1600 C for a soaking period of 20 hours in the muffle furnace. The study revealed that friction stir welded joint prepared at welding speed of 35 mm/min exhibited better tensile strength, hardness and wear resistance. Better mechanical properties of the joint prepared at welding speed of 35 mm/min may be attributed due to fine, homogeneous and equaxed grain structure of stir zone. Post welding heat treatment of friction stir welded joint improved the wear resistance and microhardness of the joint. However tensile properties deteriorated with the post welding heat treatment of joint.

Download or read book Handbook of Laser Welding Technologies written by S Katayama and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-06-30 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser welding is a rapidly developing and versatile technology which has found increasing applications in industry and manufacturing. It allows the precision welding of small and hard-to-reach areas, and is particularly suitable for operation under computer or robotic control. The Handbook of laser welding technologies reviews the latest developments in the field and how they can be used across a variety of applications. Part one provides an introduction to the fundamentals of laser welding before moving on to explore developments in established technologies including CO2 laser welding, disk laser welding and laser micro welding technology. Part two highlights laser welding technologies for various materials including aluminium and titanium alloys, plastics and glass. Part three focuses on developments in emerging laser welding technologies with chapters on the applications of robotics in laser welding and developments in the modelling and simulation of laser and hybrid laser welding. Finally, part four explores the applications of laser welding in the automotive, railway and shipbuilding industries. The Handbook of laser welding technologies is a technical resource for researchers and engineers using laser welding technologies, professionals requiring an understanding of laser welding techniques and academics interested in the field. Provides an introduction to the fundamentals of laser welding including characteristics, welding defects and evolution of laser welding Discusses developments in a number of techniques including disk, conduction and laser micro welding Focusses on technologies for particular materials such as light metal alloys, plastics and glass

Download or read book Effect of Process Parameters on Temperature Distribution Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Self reacting Friction Stir Welding Aluminum Alloy 6061 T651 written by Monica Adriana Torres Obregon and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Influence of Welding and Heat Treatment on Aluminum Alloys written by Eric B. Hilty and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The welding of structural materials, such as aluminum alloys 6063, 6061 and 6005A, does have an adverse influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties at locations immediately adjacent to the weld. The influence of heat input, due to welding and artificial aging, was investigated on aluminum alloy extrusions of 6063, 6061 and 6005A. Uniaxial tensile tests, in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy observations, were done on the: (i) as-provided alloy in the natural temper, (ii) the as-provided alloy artificially aged, (iii) the as-welded alloy in the natural temper, and (iv) the as-welded alloy subject to heat treatment. The welding process used was gas metal arc (GMAW) with spray transfer at approximately 140-220 amps of current at 22-26 volts. The artificial aging used was a precipitation heat treatment for 6 hours at 360oF. The aluminum alloys of the 6XXX series contain magnesium (Mg) and silicone (Si) and are responsive to temperature. Optical microscopy observations revealed the influence of artificial aging to cause change in both size and shape of the second-phase particles present and distributed through the microstructure. The temperature and time of exposure to heat treatment did cause the second-phase particles to both precipitate and migrate through the microstructure resulting in an observable change in strength of the material. Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted for desired specimen thicknesses for sake of comparison. Section 6.4.2-2 of the 2010 Aluminum Design manual discusses provisions for mechanical properties of welded and artificially aged aluminum light poles, fabricated from aluminum alloy 6063 and 6005A. A basis for these provisions was the result of older round-robin testing programs [2, 3]. However, results of the studies were never placed in the open literature. Hence, the focus of this study was to determine the expected mechanical properties of welded and artificially aged 6063, 6061 and 6005A aluminum alloys and publish the results. Tensile tests revealed the welded aluminum alloy to have lower strength, both yield and ultimate tensile strength, when compared to the as-received un-welded counterpart. The impact of post-weld heat treatment on tensile properties and resultant fracture behavior is presented and briefly discussed in light of intrinsic microstructural effects and nature of loading.

Download or read book Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds II written by Thomas Böllinghaus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-07 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Failure of welded components can occur during service as well as during fabrication. Most common, analyses of the resistance of welded components against failure are targeted at crack avoidance. Such evaluations are increasingly carried out by modern weldability studies, i. e. considering interactions between the selected base and filler materials, structural design and welding process. Such weldability investigations are particularly targeted to prevent hot cracking, as one of the most common cracking phenomena occurring during weld fabrication. To provide an international information and discussion platform to combat hot cracking, an international workshop on Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds has been created, based on an initiative of the Institute for Materials and Joining Technology at the Otto-von-Guericke University in Magdeburg and the Division V. 5 – Safety of Joined Components at the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) in Berlin, Germany. The first workshop was organized in Berlin under the topics mechanisms and phenomena, metallurgy and materials, modelling and simulations as well as testing and standardization. It consisted of 20 individual contributions from eight countries, which were compiled in a book that found a very ready market, not only in the welding community. As a consequence of increasing interest, it has been decided to establish the Workshop on Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds as a regular event every three years embedded in the International Institute of Welding (IIW). Attached to the IIW Commission IX and II Spring intermediate meetings, the second workshop was organized in March 2007.

Download or read book The Effects of Friction Stir Welding on the Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Aluminum Alloy Aa2139 t8 written by Uchechi Chinaka Okeke and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for both high-strength and lightweight metals for structural applications to increase vehicle mobility has driven an increase in the research and development of lightweight alloys, including those based on aluminum (Al), to replace commonly-used steel. When alloyed copper (Cu), Al alloys can exhibit high tensile strengths. However, Al-Cu alloys are difficult to join using fusion welding processes due to solidification cracking. To circumvent the issues that arise with fusion welding, friction stir welding (FSW) can be employed. FSW is a solid state joining method that utilizes friction generated heat between a rotating tool and two metal plates to create a joint without the use of additional material. FSW temperatures are lower than the melting point and are historically achieved by controlling the welding speed. The welding temperature has largely been both an uncontrolled and unmonitored variable, which presents an issue when trying to predict or explain the weld microstructures. In addition, most FSW investigations are performed on parts that are less than 12 mm thick. This limits the understanding of processing-microstructure-property relationships of thicker FSW plates. This dissertation studied the effect of FSW on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of 25 mm thick AA2139-T8, a precipitation strengthened Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy. Processing-microstructure-property relationships were studied using both constant-speed (150 RPM and 50 mm/min) and constant-temperature FSW (performed at 490 ℗ʻC, 500 ℗ʻC, and 510 ℗ʻC). The microstructural evolution throughout the thickness of the weld was analyzed via optical microscopy, SEM, TEM, and XRD. The mechanical behavior was analyzed using tensile and Vickers hardness experiments. The distribution of the different precipitates was plotted throughout the welded area for the constant-temperature FSW materials. The average matrix grain size decreased from the weld top to bottom, while the precipitate volume percent increased from the weld top to bottom. The stir zone (SZ) exhibited lower strengths and hardness than the base metal. In addition, the larger grains in the upper weld nugget (UWN) of the SZ had a higher hardness than the smaller grains in the lower weld nugget (LWN) of the SZ and this was explained by the dissolution of the precipitates during welding and the associated solid solution strengthening. This study was the first to perform constant-temperature FSW on both an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy and a 25 mm thick plate. Compared with the 500 ℗ʻ and 510 ℗ʻC constant-temperature FSW, the 490 ℗ʻC constant-temperature FSW yielded the smallest average grain size and the highest precipitate volume percent through the SZ. The average grain size increased with welding temperature. The 510 ℗ʻC FSW exhibited the lowest room-temperature (RT) tensile YS, UTS, Îæf, and joint efficiency due to the void formation during the welding. The 490 ℗ʻC and 500 ℗ʻC FSWs failed at the interface between the SZ and the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and in the HAZ, respectively, which were the weakest links of the weld and dictated the tensile properties. The work in this dissertation provided new insights into the effects of constant temperature FSW on the microstructural evolution and the mechanical properties through the weld thickness. The knowledge gained from this work will not only assist in determining optimal welding parameters for this alloy for targeted applications, but will also serve as a framework for future research targeted at understanding processing-microstructure-property relationships of a variety of metallic systems undergoing not only FSW under controlled conditions but also undergoing different controlled thermomechanical processing treatments.

Download or read book Principles of Welding written by Robert W. Messler, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-09-26 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An advanced yet accessible treatment of the welding process and its underlying science. Despite the critically important role welding plays in nearly every type of human endeavor, most books on this process either focus on basic technical issues and leave the science out, or vice versa. In Principles of Welding, industry expert and prolific technical speaker Robert W. Messler, Jr. takes an integrated approach--presenting a comprehensive, self-contained treatment of the welding process along with the underlying physics, chemistry, and metallurgy of weld formation. Promising to become the standard text and reference in the field, this book provides an unprecedented broad coverage of the underlying physics and the mechanics of solidification--including peritectic and eutectic reactions--and emphasizes material continuity and bonding as a way to create a joint between materials of the same general class. The author supplements the book with hundreds of tables and illustrations, and correlates the science to welding practices in the real world. Principles of Welding departs from existing books with its clear, unambiguous presentation, which is easily grasped even by undergraduate students, yet given at the advanced level required by experienced engineers.

Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Mechatronics and Control Engineering written by Giuseppe Conte and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-13 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume consists of selected peer reviewed papers from the 10th International Conference on Mechatronics and Control Engineering (ICMCE 2021) discussing latest advances in mechanical engineering and dynamic analysis, sensor technology and application, mechanical design and system modelling, control system and engineering, robot design and control engineering, development and performance analysis of functional materials. Additional themes include methodologies, algorithms, applications and knowledge discovery in mechatronics and control engineering. This volume will prove a valuable resource for those in academia and industry.

Download or read book Advances in Materials Mechanical and Industrial Engineering written by Prasanta Sahoo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-09 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected extended papers from The First International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (INCOM2018), realized at the Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India. The papers focus on diverse areas of mechanical engineering and some innovative trends in mechanical engineering design, industrial practices and mechanical engineering education. Original, significant and visionary papers were selected for this edition, specially on interdisciplinary and emerging areas. All papers were peer-reviewed.

Download or read book Friction Stir Welding and Processing written by Sandeep Rathee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-03-25 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A single source of information on the fundamental concepts and latest research applications of friction stir welding and processing Friction Stir Welding and Processing: Fundamentals to Advancements provides concise yet comprehensive coverage of the field of friction stir welding, with an eye toward future research directions and applications. Throughout the book, case studies provide real-world context and highlight applications for various engineering sectors. With contributions from an array of leaders in the field, Friction Stir Welding and Processing provides readers with a single source of information on all aspects of FSW and FSP. After explaining the fundamentals of friction stir welding (FSW) and its variants, the book discusses composite fabrication techniques using friction stir processing (FSP). Different types of friction techniques are covered, as is the equipment used. Detailed characterization of samples and composites are included. Additional topics discussed include the impact of FSW on the economics of production, methods for coupling FSW/FSP with additive manufacturing, composite fabrication, and process-property relationships. Master the basic concepts of friction stir welding and its variants Discover the role of FSW in developing hybrid manufacturing techniques Follow case studies that connect theoretical concepts to real-world experimental results Learn from contributions from an array of global thought leaders in the field This is a valuable compendium on the topic for engineers and designers who utilize welding and advanced manufacturing across industries, as well as graduate students and post-graduate researchers who are exploring new friction stir welding applications.

Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recent Advancements in Mechanical Engineering written by T. S. Sudarshan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-20 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents select proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Recent Advancements of Mechanical Engineering (ICRAME 2021), which was held during 7th to 9th February 2021 at National Institute of Technology Silchar. The book entails the recent developments in a range of areas related to mechanical engineering. It examines the state-of-the-art researches in the areas of thermal engineering, engineering design, manufacturing/ production engineering and surface engineering. Various topics covered include advanced energy sources, bio-thermal applications, techniques in fluid flow, computing in applied mechanics and product design, dynamics and control of structures/ systems, fracture and failure mechanics, solid mechanics, casting, welding, brazing, soldering, JIT, MRP, supply chain management and logistics. The book will be useful for researchers and professionals working in the areas of mechanical engineering.

Download or read book Heat Treater s Guide written by Harry Chandler and published by ASM International. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The material is contained in more than 500 datasheet articles, each devoted exclusively to one particular alloy, a proven format first used in the complementary guide for irons and steels. For even more convenience, the datasheets are arranged by alloy groups: nickel, aluminum, copper, magnesium, titanium, zinc and superalloys. The book provides very worthwhile and practical information in such areas as: compositions, trade names, common names, specifications (both U.S. and foreign), available products forms, typical applications, and properties (mechanical, fabricating, and selected others). This comprehensive resource also covers the more uncommon alloys by groups in the same datasheet format. Included are: refractory metals and alloys (molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum), beryllium copper alloys, cast and P/M titanium parts, P/M aluminum parts, lead and lead alloys, tin-rich alloys, and sintering copper-base materials (copper-tin, bronze, brass, nickel silvers).