Download or read book The Effect of Trough Interactions on Tropical Cyclone Intensity Change written by Deborah E. Hanley and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diagnosis of Tropical Cyclone Structure and Intensity Change written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long term goals of this project are to improve and refine understanding of the dynamics of tropical cyclone structure and intensity change, with emphasis on the role of environmental dynamical effects on the intensity change process. This project builds upon the experience of the principal investigator in the study of extratropical cyclone dynamics in maritime regions during the past decade, and the recognition that extratropical maritime cyclones bear similarities to their tropical counterparts. Accordingly, a guiding theme of this research effort is to apply and extend well established dynamical perspectives on extratropical maritime cyclogenesis and cyclone life cycles to the tropics. The long term goals of this project have been addressed through diagnostic and modeling investigations of: (1) the origin and evolution of tropopause based precursor disturbances that culminate in rapid maritime cyclogenesis over the western North Atlantic Ocean; (2) the roles of trough interactions in tropical cyclone intensity change with a view toward determining the factors that distinguish between cyclogenetic and cyclolytic trough interactions; (3) the roles of environmental dynamical effects in tropical cyclone structure and intensity change; and (4) the kinematics of vorticity asymmetries associated with nondivergent barotropic vortices on a beta plane.
Download or read book Tropical cyclone intensity and structure changes Theories observations numerical modeling and forecasting written by Eric Hendricks and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-29 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Extratropical Cyclones written by Chester Newton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-22 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is composed of 12 review papers invited for the Palmen Memorial Symposium on Extratropical Cyclones held in Helsinki, Finland, 29 August - 2 September 1988. To celebrate the 90th anniversary of the birth of Professor Erik Palmén, this symposium was organized to give a state-of-the-art picture of research on the structure and dynamics of extratropical cyclones, a topic which Palmén pioneered during the era of advances in aerological analysis. This symposium was organized by the Geophysical Society of Finland and the American Meteorological Society in cooperation with the Danish, Norwegian and Swedish Geophysical Societies. Extratropical Cyclones offers state-of-the-art information on extratropical cyclones, and recent findings by European and American authorities in various subject areas. The first two chapters discuss Palmen's works on cyclones and his early general circulation concepts. The ten chapters following chronicle the advances in understanding cyclones; the theory, structure, and physical processes of cyclones; orographic cyclogenesis; and more. Extratropical Cyclones also contains synoptic case analyses, modeling results, examples of the phenomena discussed, and abundant references. While particular aspects are emphasized in the individual contributions, the book as a whole summarizes the major features of various kinds of extratropical cyclones based on observational analyses, theory and numerical experimentation. This volume is of interest to researchers in dynamic and synoptic meteorology, climatology and mesometeorology, as well as in numerical modeling and weather forecasting. It is also useful for meteorology courses at graduate and upper undergraduate levels.
Download or read book Tropical Cyclone Intensity Analysis Using Satellite Data written by Vernon F. Dvorak and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Experiment in Statistical Prediction of Tropical Cyclone Intensity Change written by Robert T. Merrill and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indian Ocean Biogeochemical Processes and Ecological Variability written by Jerry D. Wiggert and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-09 with total page 1037 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 185. Indian Ocean Biogeochemical Processes and Ecological Variability provides a synthesis of current knowledge on Indian Ocean biogeochemistry and ecology and an introduction to new concepts and topical paradigm challenges. It also reports on the development of more extensive/frequent observational capacity being deployed in the Indian Ocean. This represents the first collection of syntheses that emphasize a basin-wide perspective, and the contributing authors include some of the most esteemed oceanographers and Indian Ocean experts in the world. The volume is derived from invited plenary talks that were presented at the initial Sustained Indian Ocean Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research (SIBER) workshop held at the National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) in Goa, India, in October 2006. The volume discusses The overlying physical processes set by monsoonal forcing and how these control biological production and variability Nutrient cycling and limitation Pelagic carbon cycling and air-sea exchange Benthic biogeochemistry and ecology The impact of climate and human activities on biogeochemistry and ecosystems. The readership for this book will consist of academic and governmental researchers interested in exploring how oceanographic, atmospheric, and hydrological processes combine to establish the environmental setting that supports and drives the pelagic system and which are especially relevant to understanding the complex biogeochemical and ecological interactions in the Indian Ocean.
Download or read book Environmental and Internal Controls of Tropical Cyclones Intensity Change written by Melicie Desflots and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical cyclone (TC) intensity change is governed by internal dynamics (e.g. eyewall contraction, eyewall replacement cycles, interactions of the inner-core with the rainbands) and environmental conditions (e.g. vertical wind shear, moisture distribution, and surface properties). This study aims to gain a better understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for TC intensity changes with a particular focus to those related to the vertical wind shear and surface properties by using high resolution, full physics numerical simulations. First, the effects of the vertical wind shear on a rapidly intensifying storm and its subsequent weakening are examined. Second, a fully coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean model with a sea spray parameterization is used to study the impact of sea spray on the hurricane boundary layer. The coupled model consists of three components: the high resolution, non-hydrostatic, fifth generation Pennsylvania State University-NCAR mesoscale model (MM5), the NOAA/NCEPWAVEWATCH III (WW3) ocean surface wave model, and theWHOI threedimensional upper ocean circulation model (3DPWP). Sea spray parameterizations were developed at NOAA/ESRL and modified by the author to be introduced in uncoupled and coupled simulations. The model simulations are conducted in both uncoupled and coupled modes to isolate various physical processes influencing TC intensity. The very high-resolutionMM5 simulation of Hurricane Lili (at 0.5 km grid resolution) showed a rapid intensification associated with a contracting eyewall. Changes in both the magnitude and the direction of the vertical wind shear associated with an approaching upper-tropospheric trough were responsible for the weakening of the storm before landfall. Hurricane Lili weakened in a 5-10 m/s vertical wind shear environment. The simulated storm experienced wind shear direction normal to the storm motion, which produced a strong wavenumber one rainfall asymmetry in the downshear-left quadrant of the storm. The rainfall asymmetry was confirmed by various observations from the TRMM satellite and the WSR-88D ground radar in the coastal region. The increasing vertical wind shear induced a vertical tilt of the vortex with a time lag of about 5-6 hours after the wavenumber one rainfall asymmetry was first observed in the model simulation. Other key factors controlling intensity and intensity change in tropical cyclones are the air-sea fluxes. Accurate measurement and parameterization of air-sea fluxes under hurricane conditions are challenging. Although recent studies have shown that the momentum exchange coefficient levels off at high wind speed, little is known about the high wind behavior of the exchange coefficient for enthalpy flux. One of the largest uncertainties is the potential impact of sea spray. The current sea spray parameterizations are closely tied to wind speed and tend to overestimate the mediated heat fluxes by sea spray in the hurricane boundary layer. The sea spray generation depends not only on the wind speed but also on the variable wave state. A new spray parameterization based on the surface wave energy dissipation is introduced in the coupled model. In the coupled simulations, the wave energy dissipation is used to quantify the amount of wave breaking related to the generation of sea spray. The spray parameterization coupled to the waves may be an improvement compared to sea spray parameterizations that depends on wind speed only.
Download or read book Influence of Upper tropospheric Troughs on Tropical Cyclone Intensity Change and Structure written by Casey M. Peirano and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Perspectives On Tropical Cyclones From Science To Mitigation written by Johnny C L Chan and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010-04-30 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a completely rewritten, updated and expanded new edition of the original Global Perspectives on Tropical Cyclones published in 1995. It presents a comprehensive review of the state of science and forecasting of tropical cyclones together with the application of this science to disaster mitigation, hence the tag: From Science to Mitigation.Since the previous volume, enormous progress in understanding tropical cyclones has been achieved. These advances range from the theoretical through to ever more sophisticated computer modeling, all underpinned by a vast and growing range of observations from airborne, space and ocean observation platforms. The growth in observational capability is reflected by the inclusion of three new chapters on this topic. The chapter on the effects of climate change on tropical cyclone activity is also new, and appropriate given the recent intense debate on this issue. The advances in the understanding of tropical cyclones which have led to significant improvements in forecasting track, intensity, rainfall and storm surge, are reviewed in detail over three chapters. For the first time, a chapter on seasonal prediction is included. The book concludes with an important chapter on disaster mitigation, which is timely given the enormous loss of life in recent tropical cyclone disasters.World Scientific Series on Asia-Pacific Weather and Climate is indexed in SCOPUS.
Download or read book The Effect of Vertical Wind Shear on Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Structure Change written by 黃立武 and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean written by Sydney Levitus and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Advances in Geosciences written by Kenji Satake and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This invaluable volume set of Advances in Geosciences continues the excellent tradition of the Asia-Oceania scientific community in providing the most up-to-date research results on a wide range of geosciences and environmental science. The information is vital to the understanding of the effects of climate change and extreme weather on the most populated regions and fastest moving economies in the world. Besides, these volumes also highlight original papers from many prestigious research institutions which are conducting cutting-edge studies in atmospheric physics, hydrogical science and water resource, ocean science and coastal study, planetary exploration and solar system science, seismology, tsunamis, upper atmospheric physics and space science.
Download or read book The Structural Changes of Tropical Cyclones Upon Interaction with Vertical Wind Shear written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-20 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fourth Convection and Moisture Experiment (CAMEX-4) provided a unique opportunity to observe the distributions and document the roles of important atmospheric factors that impact the development of the core asymmetries and core structural changes of tropical cyclones embedded in vertical wind shear. The state-of-the-art instruments flown on the NASA DC-8 and ER-2, in addition to those on the NOAA aircraft, provided a unique set of observations that documented the core structure throughout the depth of the tropical cyclone. These data have been used to conduct a combined observational and modeling study using a state-of-the-art, high- resolution mesoscale model to examine the role of the environmental vertical wind shear in producing tropical cyclone core asymmetries, and the effects on the structure and intensity of tropical cyclones.The scientific objectives of this study were to obtain in situ measurements that would allow documentation of the physical mechanisms that influence the development of the asymmetric convection and its effect on the core structure of the tropical cyclone. Ritchie, Elizabeth A. Goddard Space Flight Center
Download or read book A Diagnostic Study of the Effects of Trough Interactions on Tropical Cyclone QPF written by Stephen Guimond and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The largest precipitation rates and enhancements are found in the down-shear left quadrant of the storm, consistent with previous studies of convective asymmetries. Maximum mean enhancement values of 1.4 mm/h are found at the 200 km radius in the down-shear left quadrant. Results indicate that the largest precipitation enhancements occur with "medium" TIs; comprised of EFC values between 17- 22 (m/s)/day and vertical wind shear
Download or read book Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As climate has warmed over recent years, a new pattern of more frequent and more intense weather events has unfolded across the globe. Climate models simulate such changes in extreme events, and some of the reasons for the changes are well understood. Warming increases the likelihood of extremely hot days and nights, favors increased atmospheric moisture that may result in more frequent heavy rainfall and snowfall, and leads to evaporation that can exacerbate droughts. Even with evidence of these broad trends, scientists cautioned in the past that individual weather events couldn't be attributed to climate change. Now, with advances in understanding the climate science behind extreme events and the science of extreme event attribution, such blanket statements may not be accurate. The relatively young science of extreme event attribution seeks to tease out the influence of human-cause climate change from other factors, such as natural sources of variability like El Niño, as contributors to individual extreme events. Event attribution can answer questions about how much climate change influenced the probability or intensity of a specific type of weather event. As event attribution capabilities improve, they could help inform choices about assessing and managing risk, and in guiding climate adaptation strategies. This report examines the current state of science of extreme weather attribution, and identifies ways to move the science forward to improve attribution capabilities.
