Download or read book The Effect of Stereotype Threat on African American and Hispanic Participants on Academic and Non academic Tasks in Workplace Settings written by Jennifer Leigh Flanagan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Refocusing Academic Libraries through Learning and Discourse written by Mary K. Bolin and published by Chandos Publishing. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organizational Transformation in Academic Libraries: Discourse, Process, Product helps inform discussions in academic libraries on organizational patterns and divisions of labor. The book gives librarians leverage to think outside traditional bureaucratic structures and re-think how libraries serve their patrons. It examines existing structures and proposes new organizational models and lays out a process for planning organizational transformation and implementing a new organization. Seven chapters offer a radical vision of library transformation, proposing a collaborative process for changing academic libraries into organizations fit for the second quarter of the twenty-first century and beyond. Academic libraries are changing in the face of information technologies, economic pressures and globally disruptive events such as the current pandemic. As a result, practical solutions for transforming organizational and workflow structures for the future are desperately needed. The title analyzes existing organizational structures and proposes new ones that can be adapted to individual libraries. It discusses the challenges posed by virtual learning environments, digital initiatives and resources, changes to cataloging standards and succession planning, as well as changes brought about by the current pandemic. Presents a clear analysis of organizational patterns and divisions of labor in the future of the academic library Gives specific organizational models and presents a process for planning and implementing organizational transformation Advocates for, and supports the radical transformation of, library organization and workflow structures Proposes a collaborative process for transforming academic libraries into future-ready organizations Considers current challenges and aims to support the design of new organizations ready for the second quarter of the 21st century and beyond
Download or read book Stereotype Threat written by Michael Inzlicht and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st century has brought with it unparalleled levels of diversity in the classroom and the workforce. It is now common to see in elementary school, high school, and university classrooms, not to mention boardrooms and factory floors, a mixture of ethnicities, races, genders, and religious affiliations. But these changes in academic and economic opportunities have not directly translated into an elimination of group disparities in academic performance, career opportunities, and levels of advancement. Standard explanations for these disparities, which are vehemently debated in the scientific community and popular press, range from the view that women and minorities are genetically endowed with inferior abilities to the view that members of these demographic groups are products of environments that frustrate the development of the skills needed for success. Although these explanations differ along a continuum of nature vs. nurture, they share in common a presumption that a large chunk of our population lacks the potential to achieve academic and career success.In contrast to intractable factors like biology or upbringing, the research summarized in this book suggests that factors in one's immediate situation play a critical yet underappreciated role in temporarily suppressing the intellectual performance of women and minorities, creating an illusion of group differences in ability. Research conducted over the course of the last fifteen years suggests the mere existence of cultural stereotypes that assert the intellectual inferiority of these groups creates a threatening intellectual environment for stigmatized individuals - a climate where anything they say or do is interpreted through the lens of low expectations. This stereotype threat can ultimately interfere with intellectual functioning and academic engagement, setting the stage for later differences in educational attainment, career choice, and job advancement.
Download or read book Contesting Stereotypes and Creating Identities written by Andrew J. Fuligni and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2007-05-31 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the end of legal segregation in schools, most research on educational inequality has focused on economic and other structural obstacles to the academic achievement of disadvantaged groups. But in Contesting Stereotypes and Creating Identities, a distinguished group of psychologists and social scientists argue that stereotypes about the academic potential of some minority groups remain a significant barrier to their achievement. This groundbreaking volume examines how low institutional and cultural expectations of minorities hinder their academic success, how these stereotypes are perpetuated, and the ways that minority students attempt to empower themselves by redefining their identities. The contributors to Contesting Stereotypes and Creating Identities explore issues of ethnic identity and educational inequality from a broad range of disciplinary perspectives, drawing on historical analyses, social-psychological experiments, interviews, and observation. Meagan Patterson and Rebecca Bigler show that when teachers label or segregate students according to social categories (even in subtle ways), students are more likely to rank and stereotype one another, so educators must pay attention to the implicit or unintentional ways that they emphasize group differences. Many of the contributors contest John Ogbu's theory that African Americans have developed an "oppositional culture" that devalues academic effort as a form of "acting white." Daphna Oyserman and Daniel Brickman, in their study of black and Latino youth, find evidence that strong identification with their ethnic group is actually associated with higher academic motivation among minority youth. Yet, as Julie Garcia and Jennifer Crocker find in a study of African-American female college students, the desire to disprove negative stereotypes about race and gender can lead to anxiety, low self-esteem, and excessive, self-defeating levels of effort, which impede learning and academic success. The authors call for educational institutions to diffuse these threats to minority students' identities by emphasizing that intelligence is a malleable rather than a fixed trait. Contesting Stereotypes and Creating Identities reveals the many hidden ways that educational opportunities are denied to some social groups. At the same time, this probing and wide-ranging anthology provides a fresh perspective on the creative ways that these groups challenge stereotypes and attempt to participate fully in the educational system.
Download or read book The Relation of Stereotype Threat to African American and Latino Performance on the WAIS IV written by Brittany Nicole Hall-Clark and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stereotype threat is defined as a sociopsychological threat evoked by an evaluative situation in which a negative stereotype about one's group could be confirmed (Steele, 1997). While the deleterious effects of stereotype threat have been demonstrated numerous times in laboratory settings (McKay, Doverspike, Bowen-Hilton, & Martin, 2002; Ngyuen & Ryan, 2008; Spencer, Steele & Quinn, 1999; Steele & Aronson, 1995), generalization to actual testing situations has been limited (Stricker & Ward, 2004). The current study sought to increase ecological validity by examining stereotype threat among racial/ethnic minority students undergoing assessment using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV) without explicit priming. Another aim was to reduce stereotype threat by emphasizing the malleability of intelligence, as recommended by previous researchers (Aronson, Fried, & Good, 2002; Good, Aronson, & Inzlicht, 2003). Additionally, the relationship of ethnic identity to stereotype threat and test performance and the role of anxiety, a proposed mechanism of stereotype threat, were examined. Participants were also interviewed about their experiences of stereotype threat using a phenomenological approach. A 2(condition) x 3(race/ethnicity) experimental design was used, and 138 college students were randomized to the control or malleability conditions. Due to manipulation failure, the hypothesis that African and Latino American students would experience less stereotype threat and perform better on the WAIS-IV in the malleability condition could not be tested. Qualitative findings suggested that while participants endorsed perceptions of stereotype threat in general societal settings, they did not report stereotype threat while undergoing the WAIS-IV. The hypothesis that ethnic identity moderates the relationship between stereotype threat and performance received mixed support: ethnic identity-affirmation interacted with perceived stereotype threat on Digit Span, but all other interactions were nonsignificant. Lastly, the hypothesis that anxiety mediates the relationship between perceived stereotype threat and WAIS-IV performance was not supported. However, post-hoc analyses suggested that perceived stereotype threat mediates the relationship of anxiety and WAIS-IV performance. Correlational results revealed that perceived stereotype threat and stereotype vulnerability were related to WAIS-IV scores. In addition, students of color reported greater test and state anxiety than their European American counterparts. Implications for researchers, test administrators, and admissions officers are discussed.
Download or read book Exploring Stereotype Threat and Stereotype Boost The Impact of Manner of Stereotype Activation written by Fanny Jimenez and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2006-09-22 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2005 in the subject Psychology - Social Psychology, grade: wird in USA nicht bewertet, Indiana University (Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences), language: English, abstract: The concept of stereotype threat (Steele & Aronson, 1995) has received considerable attention in the past few years. In several studies, Steele and his colleagues took a close look at the influence that negative stereotypes can have on individuals in performance-related situations. As a reaction to the initial concept, the research also extended to other phenomena related to stereotype threat, such as the influence of positive stereotypes in performance-related situations. However, this investigation of the other side of stereotype threat and further studies that have been done regarding stereotype threat in general resulted in contradicting findings. My thesis presents a focused review of the available literature first. This is done to provide a basis for the conceptual framework Shih and colleagues proposed (Shih, Ambady, Richeson, Fujita & Gray, 2002). Their work integrates the conflicting findings and suggests two possible factors that might regulate the effects that positive and negative stereotypes have on people: selfrelevance and the manner of stereotype activation. In my study, I tested this framework in replicating and critically evaluating the study Shih et al. (2002) have conducted. The results and implications for future research are presented.
Download or read book Stereotype Threat Effects in Employment Settings written by James L. Farr and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a special edition of "Human Performance", in which stereotype threats in employment settings are examined.
Download or read book Extending Disidentification Theory written by Karen Powell Sears and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stereotype Threat Stereotype Obligation and the Intellectual Test Performance of African Americans and European Americans written by Bryant Thomas Marks and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Communicated Stereotypes at Work written by Anastacia Kurylo and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2024-05-15 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Communicated Stereotypes at Work, the editors and contributors posit that stereotypes communicated in the workplace remain a pervasive issue due to the dichotomy between the discriminatory and functional roles that these stereotypes can play in a range of professional settings. Contributors demonstrate that while the use of stereotypes in the workplace is distasteful and exclusionary, communicating these stereotypes can also appear—on the surface—to provide a pathway toward bonding with others, giving advice, and reducing uncertainty. The result of this dichotomy is that those who communicate stereotypes in the workplace may not view this communication from themselves or others as being problematic. With an emphasis on qualitative methods and analyses, contributors deconstruct stereotypes by exploring the theoretical, empirical, and pragmatic roles they play in communication. In doing so, authors expose the underpinnings of stereotypes and why they are communicated, focus on the role all of us play in perpetuating stereotypes, and suggest alternative modes of productive discourse. Scholars of interpersonal and organizational communication, cultural studies, and sociology as well as practitioners of various professions will find this book particularly useful.
Download or read book Examining Stereotype Threat Academic Self Concept and College Class Status Among African Americans at Historically Black Universities and Predominately White Universities written by Arlana Dodson-Sims and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of stereotype threat and academic self concept among African American college students. The participants were 217 African American college students attending a historically black university and a predominately white university. While there were no significant interactions among the variables, the results indicated: (1) students attending the predominately white university felt more alienated and less supported than students attending the historically black university; (2) students at the predominately white university experienced stereotype threat at a higher degree than students at the historically black university; (3) undergraduate students experienced more anxiety than graduate students; and (4) graduate students felt more alienated and less supported than undergraduate students. A major implication of the study is that educators and counselors at predominately white universities need to be sensitive to the impact stereotype threat among African American students.
Download or read book Performance Expectations are Not a Necessary Mediator of Stereotype Threat in African American Verbal Test Performance written by Joseph Lamont Brown and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Stereotype Threat on African American Academic Self concept Scores written by Kevin L. Harrell and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identity Contingency Threat written by Valerie Joyce Purdie-Vaughns and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book The Effects of Stereotype Threat on Women s and Men s Academic Performance and Test related Behaviors written by James Santiago and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated the influence of stereotype threat and gender on test performance and test-taking behaviors. Effects of stereotype threat and gender on math and verbal assessments, time spent per item, work shown on math items, test anxiety, domain identification, and locus of control were examined. Participants consisted of 50 females (M age = 19.92 years, SD = 1.69 years) and 52 males (M age = 21.50 years, SD = 5.73). There were 24 White, 5 Black, 25 Asian, 31 Hispanic, 10 multi-racial and 7 classified as "other-race" participants. Before completing the computer-administered measures, participants were either told that previous research indicates gender influences performance on math and verbal assessments, or that it does not. Results of this study indicated stereotype threat and gender do not significantly influence test performance, testing behaviors or other measures. Possible limitations include an ineffective stereotype threat manipulation, the computer-based testing format, and item difficulty.
Download or read book Reducing Stereotype Threat in Academically At Risk African Americans Students written by Crystal Marie Simmons and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Reducing Stereotype Threat in Academically At-Risk African- Americans Students: A Self- Affirmation Intervention by Crystal Marie Simmons Doctor of Philosophy in Education University of California, Berkeley Professor Frank C. Worrell, Chair In this study, I examined the effectiveness of a self-affirmation intervention (Cohen et al., 2006) with a sample of African American high school students who were at risk for academic failure. Participants consisted of 47 African-American students from 3 different high schools. Unlike previous research, results indicated that students who received the self-affirmation did not earn higher GPAs at the end of the first semester. Students who received the self-affirmation intervention also did not feel more psychologically engaged within the academic environment. Reasons for these disparate findings in comparison to previous research are discussed. Implications for stereotype threat theory and what type of students can benefit from this intervention are also discussed.
