Download or read book The Effect of Rust Inoculum and Meteorological Factors on the Epidemiology of Rust Diseases of Wheat Under Overhead Irrigation written by M. R. Muchinda and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Meteorological Factors Affecting the Epidemiology of Wheat Rusts written by World Meteorological Organization. Working Group on Meteorological Factors Affecting the Epidemiology of Wheat Rusts and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rust Diseases of Wheat written by Alan P. Roelfs and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 1992 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Rust Diseases of Wheat written by William Quenn Loegering and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diseases Distribution Epidemiology and Control written by Alan P. Roelfs and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-04-24 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cereal Rusts, Volume II: Diseases, Distribution, Epidemiology, and Control is a compendium of papers that aims to control cereal rusts through principles about the nature of the disease, as well as learned strategies toward its control. These papers deal with the major cereal rust diseases such as wheat and rye stem rust, wheat leaf rust, stripe rust, oat stem rust, barley leaf rust. Control of these types of rust diseases include cultural methods, barberry eradication, crop resistance, fungicides, and ecological controls. One paper notes that cultivars, a plant variety developed through selective breeding, should be used. The key to its development with long-lasting resistance is diversity, namely, genetic diversity in resistance types, and diversity in its strategic development, including a combination of race-specific with non-race specific resistance. For example, Parlevliet has pointed out that in natural ecosystems, race-specific resistance can protect the host plant by rendering the pathogen population less aggressive. One paper also examines the use of chemicals for rust disease control in the United States. This compendium is ideally suited for the cytologists, physiologists, biochemists, geneticists, epidemiologists, taxonomists, and cereal plant pathologists.
Download or read book Stem Rust Infection and Development in Artificially Inoculated Fields of Wheat at Hays Kansas and Its Effect on Yield 1960 to 1965 written by Roland F. Line and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most wheat varieties growing in the vicinity of Hays, Kansas, are susceptible to races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that are common in central United States. However, they are seldom severely damaged by stem rust. It is commonly thought that weather in that area is not favorable for establishment and development of stem rust. In 1960 to 1965 the epidemiology of stem rust was studied at Hays in fields of Cheyenne wheat inoculated with urediospores of race 56 when the plants were in tillering to boot stages of growth. Infection occurred in all 6 years. Rust increase was related to the frequency of days when conditions were favorable for infection. Plots with initial intensities of 2.5 to 20 pustules per 100 culms were compared. In the 6 consecutive years (1960 to 1965) severities at soft dough stage were about 30, 25, 7, 2, 2, and 20%; yields for rusted plots were 20, 19, 25, 34, 22, and 18 bu/acre; and yields for adjacent control areas were 46, 29, 45, 35, 29, and 62 bu/acre, respectively. In 1965, a natural epidemic of stem rust caused severe damage to wheat in Kansas and Nebraska. In 1965, the crop ripened late in the season. In 5 of the 6 years, weather was favorable for rust epidemics. Late natural infection appeared to be the primary factor limiting severity of the rust epidemics. (Author).
Download or read book Meteorological Factors Affecting the Epidemiology of Wheat Rusts written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Accessions List Eastern Africa written by Library of Congress. Library of Congress Office, Nairobi, Kenya and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Number 6 includes cumulative main and added entry index for the monographs listed in that year.
Download or read book Wheat Leaf Rust Epidemiology in Morocco and the Expression and Inheritance of Resistance in the Cultivar Era written by Brahim Ezzahiri and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Combating stem and leaf rust of wheat Historical perspective impacts and lessons learned written by H.J. Dubin, John P. Brennan and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Environment and Pathogen Variability on the Infection of Wheat by Puccinia Striiformis West written by Richard Gary Beaver and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Race identification of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis West.) is influenced by environment, pathogen variability and host age. Isolates of stripe rust were collected in the Pacific Northwest and characterized on two sets of differential varieties; the "Oregon" and the United States. Six of the seven isolates tested on the seedling Oregon differentials were identified as separate races at the 2 C/18 C (night /day) temperature profile; however, seven races could be identified using mature plants. Eight of the 16 Oregon differentials used as seedlings gave similar infection types as mature plants with all seven isolates tested. The remaining eight varieties changed from a susceptible seedling reaction to a more resistant reaction as a mature plant with specific host-pathogen combinations. This change can be used to separate the seven isolates into races. Only the variety Leda was consistently more resistant as a mature plant than as a seedling. This "mature plant resistance" is contrasted to the "field resistance" of the variety Gaines which is conditioned by environment. Five of the eight isolates tested on the United States differential varieties could be identified as separate races. With the aid of the eight supplemental varieties all eight isolates could be separated. Six field races of stripe rust could be identified on wheat grown at 11 sites in Oregon using the Oregon field differential varieties. These varieties also indicated a shift in the make-up of the rust race populations during the last four years in the Willamette Valley. Similarities in field race characteristics at Pendleton, in eastern Oregon, and Aurora, in the Willamette Valley, were also noted. Percentage of germination and penetration of uredospores of stripe rust differed on 15 Oregon differential varieties. An unidentified factor inhibited uredospore germination on certain varieties. Penetration of stomates was also delayed on some varieties but no consistent correlation could be made with inhibition of germination or host resistance to stripe rust. Desiccation following short dew periods of three or four hours effectively reduced the amount of viable inoculum available during a 24-hour period. Inoculum removal by desiccation can be made more effective by the use of varieties that lengthen the interval from uredospore germination to penetration. Under field conditions, inoculum removal can reduce final disease severity. For example, with an apparent infection rate of 0.0146 per unit per day for stripe rust, removal of inoculum from death of germinating spores for a five day period would reduce the final disease severity by 14.7 percent over a 40-day period. Factors limiting fall spread of stripe rust in the Willamette Valley differ from those in eastern Oregon. In the Willamette Valley spore movement is by leaf to leaf contact during the wet winter months. In eastern Oregon little or no rust movement occurs until warm spring weather facilitates aerial spore movement. During most years sporulating leaves are killed by freezing winter weather and rust survival is limited to infected, non-sporulating green host tissue. Competition for infection and sporulation sites between an albino race of stripe rust and four yellow races was noted. Some mechanism inherent to the albino race and presumably other races prevents invasion and/or sporulation within previously colonized host tissue. Competition between two races of stripe rust can reduce the potential number of sites for infection on a wheat leaf by 99 percent. In addition, competition can change the ratio of one race to another in the population from 1:1 to 3:1 in one generation. Summer survival on grasses in mountain areas of Oregon is limited and does not appear to play an important role in oversummering of stripe rust in Oregon. Field race(s) of stripe rust found at the Mountain Plots appears similar to race(s) in wheat growing areas. Movement of inoculum from mountain areas to wheat fields in the fall of the year seems unlikely since rust on wheat and grasses inoculated in June could not be found the following September.
Download or read book Wheat Rusts written by RA McIntosh and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although stem rust has been controlled by means of resistant cultivars, leaf and stripe rust continue as problems for many growing areas of the world. Wheat Rusts: An Atlas of Resistance Genes has been prepared by specialists from one of the leading international laboratories, and illustrates with colour photographs typical resistance phenotypes associated with most known genes for resistance to the three rust diseases of wheat. Relevant details for each gene include chromosome location, aspects of genetics and pathogen variation, the effects of environment on expression, origin, availability in genetic and breeding stocks, and use in agriculture. This atlas includes an introduction to host:pathogen genetics, methodologies for wheat rust research and breeding for resistance.
Download or read book Meteorological Factors Affecting the Epidemiology of Wheat Rusts written by Commission for agricultural meteorology and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cultural Practices and Infectious Crop Diseases written by Josef Palti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of a crop, and therefore its health, is always the result of interplay between biological and environmental factors, as influenced by human agency. In other words, crop health is a highly complex affair. This book is concerned with only one group of agents affecting crop health, the pathogens, and not with animal pests or direct effects of physiological or weather factors. Even within this one group, however, the interaction of causal agents with environmental and biotic factors is highly complex. No less complex is the effect of cultural practices on the crop and its health. There is probably no major practice that does not affect diverse facets of crop growth, which in turn affects crop/pathogen relationships. Thus tillage se quentially affects depth and rate of root development, hence nutrient uptake, hence general plant size and habit as well as crop climate and crop susceptibility. Irri gation affects all these parameters, and facilitates crop growth under diverse macro climatic conditions, with all the ensuing implications for disease development. In this book an attempt is made to superimpose one set of complexities, the cul tural practices, on another such set, crop health. This may seem overambitious, not to say foolhardy, unless we remember that it has been done by farmers, consciously or unconsciously, ever since the beginnings of agriculture. We are here chiefly try ing to rationalize traditional practices, review modern research on the development of further practices, and assess the place of the latter in integrated disease control.
Download or read book Epidemiology of Wheat Stem Rust in Portugal and the Effect of Environmental Factors and Certain Mutagenic Agents on the Prevalent Physiologic Races of Puccinia Graminis Tritici written by Joaquim Carvalho Santiago and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Epidemiology of Stripe Rust of Wheat 1961 1968 written by Gregory Ellis Shaner and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stem Rust of Wheat written by Paul David Peterson and published by American Phytopathological Society. This book was released on 2001 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat rust diseases have been among the most devastating of all plant diseases since biblical times. Now that nearly a half century has passed without a significant outbreak in the world's major wheat- producing regions, forward writer Nobel laureate Norman Borlaug cautions against complacency. Four contributed chapters examine how the science of plant pathology has responded to such challenges as stem rust of wheat epidemics in the North American Great Plains in the first half of the 20th century, and common barberry as an insidious spreader of black stem rust. Includes photos of plant pathologists and their research in the field (literally). c. Book News Inc.
