Download or read book The Effect of Respiratory Management on Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Preterm Infants written by Roos Jeannette Sipkje Vliegenthart and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing evidence that invasive mechanical ventilation in preterm infants induces long-term pulmonary morbidity such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia as well as neurodevelopmental sequelae. Therefore, this thesis aims to assess the effect of a restricted respiratory management policy on neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants. Based on this thesis, several conclusions can be drawn. First, this thesis demonstrates that the implementation of a non-invasive respiratory support policy is feasible and might be associated with improved neurodevelopmental outcome even in extremely preterm infants. This is supported by our finding that – in this new era of non-invasive respiratory management – every additional day of invasive mechanical ventilation is associated with an increased risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome at two years of age. Second, bronchopulmonary dysplasia is associated with an adverse neurodevelopmental outcome at two and five years of age. In addition, increasing severity results in an increased risk of NDI. Similar to the general population, the correlation between two and five years neurodevelopmental outcome is only fair, emphasizing the importance of following up this high-risk population to at least 5 years of age. Finally, there is only limited evidence supporting the use of a higher dose of caffeine and doxapram in the treatment of apnea of prematurity.

Download or read book Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Preterm Infants written by U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2013-05-09 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neonatal lung disease is the most common complication of preterm delivery, and results in significant morbidity and mortality. Preterm infants suffer from both acute and chronic respiratory failure as a result of anatomic and biochemical disruption of lung function, lung inflammation and oxidative stress, nutritional deficiencies, and arrest of tracheobronchial and pulmonary vascular growth. Treatment for acute respiratory failure often contributes to evolving bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and chronic respiratory failure, due to barotrauma and oxygen toxicity from prolonged respiratory support, deficient nutrition, as well as immaturity of lung growth, vascular development and immunologic defenses. Pulmonary hypertension may occur in association with acute and/or chronic respiratory failure. Multiple etiologies make finding an effective treatment for respiratory failure in preterm infants challenging. Disorders related to prematurity and respiratory distress are among the leading causes of infant mortality in the U.S. Treatment options for respiratory failure in preterm infants include a variety of modalities. Prenatal steroids, antibiotics, exogenous surfactant replacement, tidal volume ventilation, conventional ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure, high flow oxygen administration, and high frequency ventilation are all used as therapeutic modalities. Treatment of preterm infants with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) as a rescue therapy for refractory hypoxemic respiratory failure is an extension of the relative success of the treatment of term and near term infants with iNO. Inhaled NO has demonstrated efficacy in improving oxygenation and reducing the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in late preterm infants born after 34 weeks gestation and full term infants with respiratory failure, with no evidence of long term benefits. Despite the approved use of iNO in full term and late preterm infants, the developmentally distinct mechanisms of respiratory failure and differing cardiovascular, pulmonary, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of more immature infants require systematic study of the short and long term outcomes for preterm infants treated with iNO to prevent or treat respiratory failure. The Cochrane review acknowledged very limited data on long term outcomes of preterm infants treated with iNO. If iNO is beneficial, the number need to treat would be very large. Papers published or presented from 2007 to present report conflicting results as to whether, in preterm infants, iNO has beneficial, adverse, or no effects on long term neurodevelopmental and pulmonary outcomes. Despite the ongoing controversy, iNO continues to be used for hypoxemic respiratory failure in preterm infants less than 34 weeks gestation even with potential harm to the developing lungs and brain. There is an urgent need to weigh the current evidence as to whether iNO is a safe and effective treatment in preterm infants. We sought to identify and synthesize evidence addressing the following questions: 1. Does inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) therapy increase survival and/or reduce the occurrence or severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) among premature infants who receive respiratory support? 2. Are there short term risks of iNO therapy among premature infants who receive respiratory support? 3. Are there effects of iNO therapy on long term pulmonary and/or neurodevelopmental outcomes among premature infants who receive respiratory support? 4. Does the effect of iNO therapy on BPD and/or death or neurodevelopmental impairment vary across subpopulations of premature infants? 5. Does the effect of iNO therapy on BPD and/or death or neurodevelopmental impairment vary by timing of initiation, mode of delivery, dose and duration, or concurrent therapies?

Download or read book Preterm Birth written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-05-23 with total page 791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in the United States is a complex public health problem that requires multifaceted solutions. Preterm birth is a cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics, environmental exposure, medical conditions, infertility treatments, and biological factors. Many of these factors co-occur, particularly in those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged or who are members of racial and ethnic minority groups. While advances in perinatal and neonatal care have improved survival for preterm infants, those infants who do survive have a greater risk than infants born at term for developmental disabilities, health problems, and poor growth. The birth of a preterm infant can also bring considerable emotional and economic costs to families and have implications for public-sector services, such as health insurance, educational, and other social support systems. Preterm Birth assesses the problem with respect to both its causes and outcomes. This book addresses the need for research involving clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science disciplines. By defining and addressing the health and economic consequences of premature birth, this book will be of particular interest to health care professionals, public health officials, policy makers, professional associations and clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science researchers.

Download or read book Respiratory Management of Extremely Preterm Infants written by Hasan Özkan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-12 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation written by Peter C. Rimensberger and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-12 with total page 1584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by outstanding authorities from all over the world, this comprehensive new textbook on pediatric and neonatal ventilation puts the focus on the effective delivery of respiratory support to children, infants and newborns. In the early chapters, developmental issues concerning the respiratory system are considered, physiological and mechanical principles are introduced and airway management and conventional and alternative ventilation techniques are discussed. Thereafter, the rational use of mechanical ventilation in various pediatric and neonatal pathologies is explained, with the emphasis on a practical step-by-step approach. Respiratory monitoring and safety issues in ventilated patients are considered in detail, and many other topics of interest to the bedside clinician are covered, including the ethics of withdrawal of respiratory support and educational issues. Throughout, the text is complemented by numerous illustrations and key information is clearly summarized in tables and lists.

Download or read book Surfactant Replacement Therapy written by Donald L. Shapiro and published by Alan R. Liss. This book was released on 1989 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fetal and Neonatal Lung Development written by Alan H. Jobe and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-18 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lung disease affects more than 600 million people worldwide. While some of these lung diseases have an obvious developmental component, there is growing appreciation that processes and pathways critical for normal lung development are also important for postnatal tissue homeostasis and are dysregulated in lung disease. This book provides an authoritative review of fetal and neonatal lung development and is designed to provide a diverse group of scientists, spanning the basic to clinical research spectrum, with the latest developments on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of normal lung development and injury-repair processes, and how they are dysregulated in disease. The book covers genetics, omics, and systems biology as well as new imaging techniques that are transforming studies of lung development. The reader will learn where the field of lung development has been, where it is presently, and where it is going in order to improve outcomes for patients with common and rare lung diseases.

Download or read book Early Vocal Contact and Preterm Infant Brain Development written by Manuela Filippa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-17 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book synthesizes and analyzes research on early vocal contact (EVC) for preterm infants, an early healthcare strategy aimed at reducing the long-term impact of neonatal hospitalization, minimizing negative impacts of premature birth, and promoting positive brain development. Chapters begin by examining research on the maternal voice and its unique and fundamental role in infant development during the fetal and neonatal period. The book discusses the rationale for EVC with preterm infants, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms, and the challenges for infants’ development. Subsequent chapters highlight various EVCs that are used in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), including direct talking and singing to preterm infants. In addition, the book also presents and evaluates early family-centered therapies as well as paternal and other caregiver voice interventions. Topics featured in this book include: Early vocal contact and the language development of preterm infants. The maternal voice and its influence on the stability and the sleep of preterm infants. Parental singing as a form of early interactive contact with the preterm infant. Recorded or live music interventions in the bioecology of the NICU. The role of the music therapist to hospitalized infants. The Calming Cycle Theory and its implementation in preterm infants. Early Vocal Contact and Preterm Infant Brain Development is an essential reference for researchers, clinicians and related professionals, and graduate students in developmental psychology, pediatrics, neuroscience, obstetrics and nursing.

Download or read book Effective Care of the Newborn Infant written by John C. Sinclair and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This companion volume to the highly acclaimed Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth (OUP 1989, edited by Iain Chalmers et al.) evaluates the care of newborn infants. Medical research has produced an explosion of new knowledge concerning the causes, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the newborn infant. As the pace of therapeutic innovation quickens, there is an increasing need for efficient access to information concerning the probable effects of therapy. This book meets the urgent demand for a systematic summary of the best available evidence concerning the expected outcomes of therapeutic decisions in neonatology. This revolutionary work consists fundamentally of quantitative reviews of randomized trials of alternative courses of action. It contains some 2000 new analyses of data from the clinical trials literature, representing the vast majority of randomized trials in neonatology. The result is the first systematic review of evidence from randomized clinical trials in this field and an explicit dissection of the research data supporting, or in some cases not supporting, clinical management of the newborn. This book will interest pediatricians, especially neonatologists; obstetricians, especially maternal-fetal medicine specialists; family practitioners; and epidemiologists.

Download or read book SARS MERS and other Viral Lung Infections written by David S. Hui and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2016-06-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viral respiratory tract infections are important and common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the past two decades, several novel viral respiratory infections have emerged with epidemic potential that threaten global health security. This Monograph aims to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome and other viral respiratory infections, including seasonal influenza, avian influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus, through six chapters written by authoritative experts from around the globe.

Download or read book Perinatal Intensive Care written by Silvio Aladjem and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neonatal Cardiology written by Michael Artman and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2002-02-05 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: * Provides a sound background in the basic mechanisms of congenital heart disease * Includes guidelines for evaluating newborns with suspected heart disease * Offers advice on treatment and drug therapy guidelines

Download or read book Respiratory Diseases of the Newborn Infant written by Sinha, Ian P and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2021-06-01 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: So much of our lung health throughout life is determined by what happens before birth and when we are born. Managing respiratory problems in newborn infants requires experience and teamwork, an understanding of the background to the problems, and knowledge of the evidence behind the clinical options available. In this Monograph, science, evidence and expertise are brought together in a collection of comprehensive, state-of-the-art reviews that cover: the structure and function of the newborn respiratory system; neonatal lung disease in preterm infants; developmental, structural and functional diseases of the respiratory system; and more. This book will prove a valuable resource for neonatal clinicians, scientists researching the area and adult clinicians managing lung health.

Download or read book The Newborn Lung written by Eduardo Bancalari and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-06-19 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Richard Polin’s Neonatology Questions and Controversies series highlights the most challenging aspects of neonatal care, offering trustworthy guidance on up-to-date diagnostic and treatment options in the field. In each volume, renowned experts address the clinical problems of greatest concern to today’s practitioners, helping you handle difficult practice issues and provide optimal, evidence-based care to every patient. Stay fully up to date in this fast-changing field with The Newborn Lung, 3rd Edition. The most current clinical information throughout, including key management strategies that may reduce some of the chronic sequelae of neonatal respiratory failure. New content on the role of microbiome in lung injury and lung development. Current coverage of non-invasive respiratory support, perinatal events and their influence on lung development and injury, cell-based lung therapy, automation of respiratory support, and oxygenation targeting in preterm infants. Consistent chapter organization to help you find information quickly and easily. The most authoritative advice available from world-class neonatologists who share their knowledge of new trends and developments in neonatal care. Purchase each volume individually, or get the entire 7-volume set! Gastroenterology and Nutrition Hematology, Immunology and Genetics Hemodynamics and Cardiology Infectious Disease and Pharmacology New Volume! Nephrology and Fluid/Electrolyte Physiology Neurology The Newborn Lung

Download or read book Cerebral Palsy written by Freeman Miller and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2006-05-08 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a child has a health problem, parents want answers. But when a child has cerebral palsy, the answers don't come quickly. A diagnosis of this complex group of chronic conditions affecting movement and coordination is difficult to make and is typically delayed until the child is eighteen months old. Although the condition may be mild or severe, even general predictions about long-term prognosis seldom come before the child's second birthday. Written by a team of experts associated with the Cerebral Palsy Program at the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, this authoritative resource provides parents and families with vital information that can help them cope with uncertainty. Thoroughly updated and revised to incorporate the latest medical advances, the second edition is a comprehensive guide to cerebral palsy. The book is organized into three parts. In the first, the authors describe specific patterns of involvement (hemiplegia, diplegia, quadriplegia), explain the medical and psychosocial implications of these conditions, and tell parents how to be effective advocates for their child. In the second part, the authors provide a wealth of practical advice about caregiving from nutrition to mobility. Part three features an extensive alphabetically arranged encyclopedia that defines and describes medical terms and diagnoses, medical and surgical procedures, and orthopedic and other assistive devices. Also included are lists of resources and recommended reading.

Download or read book Questions from NeoReviews written by Henry C. Lee and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhance your knowledge of neonatal-perinatal medicine and/or study for Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine board certification or recertification with this new study guide from the editors of NeoReviews. This new guide includes more than 1,200 questions previously published in NeoReviews from January 2007 to December 2017. Each question is followed by a short explanation of the correct answer with references, including the original article. Chapters include Cardiology Dermatology Endocrinology ENT and Ophthalmology Fluids, Electrolytes, Nutrition Gastrointestinal Genetics and Inborn Errors of Metabolism Hematology/Oncology Immunology Infectious Diseases Maternal-Fetal Medicine Neonatal Resuscitation Neurology Renal Respiratory Statistics, Research, Health Services, and Ethics

Download or read book An Atlas of Neonatal Brain Sonography written by Paul Govaert and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-08-16 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Atlas covers the entire spectrum of brain disease as studied with ultrasound, illustrated throughout with superb-quality images. It is aimed at neonatologists and radiologists confronted with everyday clinical questions on the neonatal ward. Most newborn brain disorders can be identified with ultrasound; this book will therefore be particularly useful in settings with limited MRI facilities. Prenatal ultrasound specialists will also find it valuable as a postnatal reference in their field of interest. Suggestions for differential diagnosis accompany all the sonographic findings, guiding the clinician in proceeding from an abnormal image to a diagnosis. This second edition of the Atlas has been brought up to date to include the many advances in technique and interpretation that have been made in the past decade. The images have been replaced with new ones of higher quality, and all the line artwork has been standardised and improved. Readership Neonatologists, radiologists, neuroradiologists with an interest in neonatal ultrasound From reviews of the first edition: "This is the most challenging and comprehensive book on this theme, and is an essential reference for clinicians to make a correct diagnosis." —Satoshi Takada, Brain and Development "This can be little doubt that this title represents the definitive work on neonatal cranial ultrasound. The authors have had extensive experience in the use of ultrasound scanning the neonatal brain for almost as long as ultrasound has been used to investigate intracranial pathology on the neonatal unit. Their combined experience is most impressive." —Malcolm Leven, Archives of Disease in Childhood