Download or read book The Effect of Omega 3 Fatty Acids on Airway Inflammation Hyperpnea induced Bronchoconstriction and Airway Smooth Muscle Contractility in Asthma written by Sally K. Head and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, affects nearly 25 million Americans. The vast majority of these patients suffer from exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), a complication of asthma. Although traditionally treated pharmacologically, nutritional strategies provide a promising alternative for managing EIB as the prevalence of asthma may be due in part to changes in diet. Our objective was to determine the effects of novel nutritional strategies on hyperpnea-induced bronchoconstriction (HIB) in asthmatic individuals. HIB uses rapid breathing to identify EIB in a research or clinical setting. Fish oil, a combination of the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docsahexaenoic acid (DHA), has been shown to be effective in suppressing EIB. However, its use in combination with other nutritional supplements, the optimal fish oil formula, and its effect on smooth muscle contractility have not been fully explored. An in vivo study (study 1) was conducted in individuals with both asthma and HIB to determine whether a combination of fish oil and vitamin C was more effective than either one alone in alleviating HIB. Pulmonary function was significantly improved with both fish oil and the combination treatment but not with vitamin C alone. In study 2, individuals with both asthma and HIB were supplemented with DHA alone since the optimal formula for fish oil has yet to be ascertained; previous in vitro studies have suggested DHA may be the more potent omega-3 fatty acid in fish oil. However, no significant changes in pulmonary function or airway inflammation were seen with DHA supplementation. For study 3, canine airway smooth muscle tissue was treated with fish oil to determine the in vitro effect of fish oil on smooth muscle contractility. Acute treatment with fish oil relaxed smooth muscle strips that had been contracted with 5-hydroxytryptamine. These minor relaxations in smooth muscle tension with fish oil may represent significant changes at the level of the smaller airways. These studies have confirmed that fish oil represents a viable treatment modality for asthmatic individuals with EIB and suggest that fish oil may influence airway smooth muscle contractility.
Download or read book Health Effects of Omega 3 Fatty Acids on Asthma written by U.s. Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-27 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the scientific medical literature to identify, appraise, and synthesize the evidence for the health effects of omega-3 fatty acids on asthma. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways leading to airways hyper-responsiveness and associated symptoms such as wheezing and coughing, and is also typically associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment. The inflammatory process is a complex one, involving a multitude of cell types and activities marking the early and late phase asthmatic responses. There are important issues requiring careful consideration in diagnosing asthma, including the need to distinguish it from transient wheezing disorders in children, especially under the age of 5 years, and also from chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, especially in older adults who are current or ex-smokers. Various strategies have been developed to manage asthma. Since airway inflammation is multifactorial, involving various cell types and mediators, the drugs used to decrease inflammation may act at several different steps in the inflammatory process. Agents that modify the asthma process, with some influencing inflammation, include: beta-2 adrenergic agonists, corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers, mast-cell stabilizing agents, and theophylline. Considerable interest in the possible value of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in asthma was sparked by Horrobin's hypothesis that the low incidence of asthma in Eskimos stems from their consumption of large quantities of oily fish, rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Additional impetus for research came from observations that omega-3 fatty acids' possible protective, or even therapeutic, effect might be afforded by their impact on mediators of inflammation thought to be related to the pathogenesis of asthma.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bronchial Asthma written by M. Eric Gershwin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-04-15 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "They asked if the sneezles came after the wheezles, or if the first sneezle came first. " It has been nearly 25 years since the first edition of this textbook was published. During that time, we have witnessed an enormous improvement in the understanding of the basic pathophysiology of asthma and, more importantly, better treatment options. However, and with regret, the incidence and prevalence of asthma during this 25 year period increased significantly. Recent studies from the NIH highlight this point and illustrate that despite improved care and diagnosis, mortality continues to rise. In fact, asthma remains the most common chronic childhood illness and is among the most common chronic adult diseases. Despite improved medications, increased awareness, and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease, mortality and morbidity continue to rise. Both international and national consensus positions have been published that offer guidance on treatment approaches. The importance of the primary care physician and provider cannot be overestimated in the appropriate diagnosis and management of this disease. The management options in asthma are changing rapidly with the advent of new drugs and approaches. The recent introduction of the leukotriene inhibitors has added an entirely new class of anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of asthma. The potential of even newer approaches, including cellular modulation of the asthma patient with specific anti-IgE antibodies, opens up exciting possible treatments.
Download or read book Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation written by Peter C. Rimensberger and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-12 with total page 1584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by outstanding authorities from all over the world, this comprehensive new textbook on pediatric and neonatal ventilation puts the focus on the effective delivery of respiratory support to children, infants and newborns. In the early chapters, developmental issues concerning the respiratory system are considered, physiological and mechanical principles are introduced and airway management and conventional and alternative ventilation techniques are discussed. Thereafter, the rational use of mechanical ventilation in various pediatric and neonatal pathologies is explained, with the emphasis on a practical step-by-step approach. Respiratory monitoring and safety issues in ventilated patients are considered in detail, and many other topics of interest to the bedside clinician are covered, including the ethics of withdrawal of respiratory support and educational issues. Throughout, the text is complemented by numerous illustrations and key information is clearly summarized in tables and lists.
Download or read book The Toxicant Induction of Irritant Asthma Rhinitis and Related Conditions written by William J. Meggs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-24 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Untoward reactions to environmental chemicals, particularly when a subject reports difficulties with exposures to chemicals of diverse classes involving more than one organ system, have been poorly understood and an area of great controversy. Studies of airway inflammation induced by respiratory irritants have established neurogenic inflammation as the mechanism for irritant asthma and rhinitis. Remodeling of the airway after an acute irritant exposure can lead to a heightened sensitivity to irritants that persists. Recognition that rhinitis, while sometimes regarded as a trivial disease, is associated with extra-airway manifestations such as fatigue and disturbances of sleep, mood, and cognition, further elucidates how chemical exposures can be serious for susceptible individuals. This book reviews current scientific understanding of irritant airway inflammation and related conditions, including cardiovascular effects of particulate exposures, airborne contact dermatitis and irritant dermatitis, and the brain as a target organ for both allergic and irritant reactions. It is essential reading for physicians and other healthcare workers caring for patients with environmental intolerances. Allergists, toxicologists, occupational and environmental physicians, and pulmonologists will find the materials particularly valuable. Patients and advocates for those with chemical intolerances will also find the book of interest.
Download or read book Lung Mechanics written by Jason H. T. Bates and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-30 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A modern quantitative study of lung mechanics, relating mathematical modeling and engineering principles to lung function, structure, mechanics, and disease.
Download or read book Nursing Care in Pediatric Respiratory Disease written by Concettina Tolomeo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-03 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pediatric respiratory disorders are responsible for a number of acute and chronic health conditions and are a leading cause of pediatric emergency room visits and hospitalizations. More than ever, nurses and nurse practitioners must have an understanding of the anatomy, pathophysiology, diagnosis and state of the art treatments in pediatric respiratory disease as they are often the first to come in contact with and recognize respiratory problems in children. Nursing Care in Pediatric Respiratory Disease seeks to provide both nurses and nurse practitioners with this information in order to aid them in the diagnosis and treatment of children suffering from acute and chronic respiratory disorders. Nursing Care in Pediatric Respiratory Disease opens with an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system, best practices for assessing respiratory symptoms in children, and common respiratory therapies and treatment methods. It then proceeds through an examination of varying acute and chronic upper and lower respiratory diseases spanning from asthma and cystic fibrosis to vocal cord paralysis and sinusitis in both hospital and ambulatory settings. Nursing Care in Pediatric Respiratory Disease provides nurses and other health care providers with a comprehensive and practical resource which allows them to collaborate and advocate more effectively, as well as educate both the family and child in management of respiratory disorders.
Download or read book Behavioral and Psychological Approaches to Breathing Disorders written by R. Ley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We start life with a breath, and the process continues automatically for the rest of our lives. Because breathing continues on its own, without our awareness, it does not necessarily mean that it is always functioning for optimum mental and physical health. The opposite is true often. The problem with breathing is that it seems so easy and natural that we rarely give it a second thought. We breathe: we inhale, we exhale. What could be simpler? But behind that simple act lies a process that affects us profoundly. It affects the way we think and feel, the quality of what we create, and how we function in our daily life. Breathing affects our psychological and physiological states, while our psychological states affect the pattern of our breathing. For example, when anxious, we tend to hold our breath and speak at the end of inspiration in a high-pitched voice. Depressed people tend to sigh and speak at the end of expiration in a low-toned voice. A child having a temper tantrum holds his or her breath until blue in the face. Hyperven tilation causes not only anxiety but also such a variety of symptoms that patients can go from one specialty department to another until a wise clinician spots the abnormal breathing pattern and the patient is successfully trained to shift from maladaptive to normal breathing behavior.
Download or read book Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory and Ventilatory Systems written by Marc Thiriet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Together, the volumes in this series present all of the data needed at various length scales for a multidisciplinary approach to modeling and simulation of flows in the cardiovascular and ventilatory systems, especially multiscale modeling and coupled simulations. The cardiovascular and respiratory systems are tightly coupled, as their primary function is to supply oxygen to, and remove carbon dioxide from, the body's cells. Because physiological conduits have deformable and reactive walls, macroscopic flow behavior and prediction must be coupled to nano- and microscopic events in a corrector scheme of regulated mechanism. Therefore, investigation of flows of blood and air in physiological conduits requires an understanding of the biology, chemistry, and physics of these systems, together with the mathematical tools to describe their functioning in quantitative terms. The present volume focuses on macroscopic aspects of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in normal conditions, i.e., anatomy and physiology, as well as the acquisition and processing of medical images and physiological signals.
Download or read book Pulmonary Function Testing written by David A. Kaminsky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-04 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a unique, comprehensive resource for physicians and scientists training in pulmonary medicine and learning about pulmonary function testing. Pulmonary function testing and the physiological principles that underlie it are often poorly understood by medical students, residents, fellows and graduate students training in the medical sciences. One reason is that students tend to get overwhelmed by the basic mathematical descriptions that explain the working of the respiratory system and the principles of pulmonary function testing. Another reason is that too many approaches focus on the math without explaining the clinical relevance of these principles and the laboratory testing that enables us to measure the very lung function that these principles are describing. This book answers that need by providing a series of chapters that guide the reader in a natural order of learning about the respiratory system. In particular, after a general overview of the structure-function design of the lung and the history of pulmonary function testing, authors begin with the drive to breathe, and then follow the pathway of air as it is drawn into the lung, undergoes gas exchange, and is then exhaled back out again. Each chapter focuses on the key principles and corresponding pulmonary function tests that explain each step in this pathway. Each chapter is written by at least two experts, one with expertise in the underlying physiology, and the other with expertise in the clinical testing and application of pulmonary function testing in practice. Many figures and tables highlight key points, and multiple case studies in each section provide specific examples of the clinical application of each pulmonary function test. This is an ideal guide to pulmonary function tests for practicing pulmonologists, residents, fellows, and medical students.
Download or read book Mosby s Comprehensive Review of Nursing for the NCLEX RN Examination written by Patricia M. Nugent and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2011-11-08 with total page 867 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classic resource that has helped nurses pass the NCLEX exam for over 60 years, Mosby's Comprehensive Review of Nursing for the NCLEX-RN® Examination, 20th Edition is fully updated to reflect the newest NCLEX-RN test plan. Content review is presented in a concise and full-color outline format organized by the core areas of medical-surgical, pediatric, maternity/women's health, and mental health nursing, with a practice test following each unit. More than 4,200 practice questions and rationales -- including more than 600 questions in the newest alternate item formats -- are written by a team of trusted NCLEX experts led by author Patricia M. Nugent. This title includes additional digital media when purchased in print format. For this digital book edition, media content may not be included.
Download or read book Handbook of Pediatric Cardiovascular Drugs written by Ricardo Munoz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-13 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook of drugs used in pediatric cardiac care will satisfy the need for a quick reference source of common drug therapy. There are no major texts available in the field of pediatric cardiology that exclusively provide therapeutic drug information. Several sources are available that present drug information for cardiology, but these place no emphasis on pediatric care and are written for general cardiac specialists.
Download or read book The 5 Minute Veterinary Consult written by Francis W K Smith, DVM and published by . This book was released on 2000-01 with total page 1488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every day, you are faced with a deluge of common and not-so-common problems. The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline offers authoritative coverage and timely answers to all your questions. It is a clinical reference loaded with practical information from leading experts in small animal practice. This text is an important resource you can use every day. A quick reference resource of internal medicine in canine and feline health, the book includes: over 700 specific disorders...contributions from nearly 300 leading authorities in the field...and 17 section editors covering every specialty of small animal practice. The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline is broken into three major sections. The Problems is a concise, targeted focus on primary signs and symptoms for fast and accurate recognition. The Laboratory offers profiles that give easy access to indications, interpretations, and pitfalls of each study to help you make better decisions and save time and money. The Diseases alphabetically lists every common condition you manage in the dog and cat, as well as less common ones, so you, ll be prepared no matter what shows up in your waiting room. All the major topics are listed alphabetically in a consistent one- or two-page format. Excellent appendices provide a convenient one-stop location for conversion tables, lab values, and drug information.
Download or read book Feline Internal Medicine Secrets written by Michael R. Lappin and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2001-02-27 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the breadth of feline diagnosis and management in the textbook-in-question-and-answer format of The Secrets Series®. After years of being treated under the basic medical model of the canine, feline medicine has reached greater prominence in the past few years, and has become a hot topic in veterinary medicine, yielding several successful books. Michael Lappin is one of the major names in modern feline medicine, and he has assembled a cast of contributors featuring many of the major feline authorities in the U.S. Each chapter presents a brief overview of, discusses the diagnostic plan, and then focuses on the key concepts for each topic.
Download or read book The Physiology of Training written by Gregory Whyte and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2006-03-22 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is directed primarily towards health care professionals outside of the United States. A title in the Advances in Sport and Exercise Science series, it provides valuable, current information for those involved in sports science, coaching science, physical education, and health promotion. Highly respected researchers and practitioners in the field have come together to produce a text containing a wealth of knowledge and experience in dealing with training at the highest level of athletics. Drawing on all available research literature, this book offers a significant contribution to training physiology by providing an in-depth explanation of coaching science using both theoretical and practical models for training across a wide range of coaching disciplines. Presents comprehensive coverage of the physiology of training. Outstanding list of contributors, including Olympic and World Championship Medallists from a variety of sports. Theory presented is underscored by practical examples across a broad range of athletics, providing a special blend of information combined with practical application. Exclusive chapters address training and medical conditions, as well as training and the environment. Clearly organized structure allows rapid access to desired information, making it a prime resource and practical teaching tool.
Download or read book Asthma written by Peter J. Barnes and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of this highly successful text includes all the virtues of the first--all aspects of research on the causative mechanisms of asthma and its treatment as well as exhaustive and extensive chapter references. The book has expanded in line with recent research findings. Of special note is the inclusion of important advances in the understanding of the basic inflammatory process in asthma--the role of individual cells, and the role of multiple inflammatory mediators. Comprehensive coverage of both basic science and clinical aspectrs of asthma Exhaustively referenced throughout
