Download or read book The Effect of Logging on Discharge Temperature and Sedimentation of a Salmon Stream written by G. A. James and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Physical Effect of Logging on Salmon Streams of Southern Alaska Classic Reprint written by G. A. James and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-28 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Physical Effect of Logging on Salmon Streams of Southern Alaska The principal and most valuable industry of Alaska has been the salmon fisheries. Future development of Southeast Alaska, however, will depend on an increasing utilization of its important forest resource. The fisheries resource and the timber resource are intimately related. Reliable answers are therefore needed as to whether large-scale pulp timber logging is harmful to the spawning facilities of salmon streams. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Immediate Effects of Logging on the Freshwater Environment of Salmonids written by John R. Moring and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Physical Effect of Logging on Salmon Streams of Southeast Alaska written by G. A. James and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gives results of first five-year period of research into the long-term effects of the forest industry on the water resources of the area. The study was limited to salmon streams on the Tongass National Forest.

Download or read book An Annotated Bibliography of the Effects of Logging on Fish of the Western United States and Canada written by Dave R. Gibbons and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotations accompany 278 entries on logging effects on fish in the western U.S. (particularly the Pacific Northwest, California, and Alaska) and western Canada. An additional non-annotated 39 entries are listed.

Download or read book Effects of Logging on the Spawning Bed Environment in Two Oregon Coastal Streams written by Neil Harrison Ringler and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of two patterns of logging on the intragravel environment were studied in three Oregon coastal streams between June 1968 and June 1969. The watershed of one stream (Needle Branch) had been clearcut, and that of a second stream (Deer Creek) cut in staggered settings in 1966. A third watershed (Flynn Creek) served as an unlogged control. The dissolved oxygen content, biochemical oxygen demand, and temperature of the intragravel water were determined, as well as the size composition and organic content of the gravel. Changes were evaluated in terms of their effects on the survival of salmonid eggs and alevins. Water samples for analysis of dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand were removed from the streambed by means of standpipes. Intragravel water temperature was obtained with a thermister probe forced into the redds and with thermograph probes buried at selected locations in the streambed. Gravel samples were removed from recent redds and from previously used spawning sites ("former redds") with a newly-developed sampler that incorporated dry ice and acetone to freeze an intact core of gravel around an iron pipe. Samples were cut into strata 8.3 cm in depth and analyzed for size composition by volumetric displacement and for organic content by weight loss upon ignition. Dissolved oxygen in redds of Needle Branch averaged 7.15 mg/1, whereas that in Deer Creek averaged 8.91 mg/1 during 1969. Oxygen levels in Needle Branch redds in 1969 were 37.4 percent lower than those reported in 1964. Oxygen in Deer Creek redds dropped 12.7 percent in the same period. Dissolved oxygen at permanent standpipe locations was significantly lower than that in redds and showed greater variability. Oxygen levels were positively correlated with streamflow and negatively correlated with temperature. Organic content of the gravel ranged from 0.33 to 7.52 percent by weight; less than 3 percent of the organic material was larger than 6.35 mm. The quantity of organic material was directly related to the amount of fine sediment in the sample. Recent redds in Needle Branch contained significantly less organic debris than did former redds. However, the organic content of redds in Needle Branch did not differ statistically from that in Deer and Flynn Creeks. The biochemical oxygen demand of the intragravel water averaged 1.95 mg/1 for the three streams; differences among streams were not statistically significant. Stratification of fine sediment was evident in many redds, but a definite pattern of stratification could not be detected. Gravel size composition in Needle Branch did not differ statistically from that of the other streams. Recent redds in Needle Branch contained significantly less sediment than did former redds. Intragravel water temperature lagged from 2 to 6 hours behind surface temperature in attaining the diurnal maximum. Water temperature decreased with depth in the gravel in Needle Branch and Deer Creek on clear days, but the intragravel water was almost isothermal in Flynn Creek. Fluctuation in intragravel water temperature occurred as early as March, and maxima as great as 19.7°C were recorded prior to complete emergence of coho salmon. Surface and intragravel temperatures reflected the amount of shade over the stream surface. Survival to emergence of coho salmon appeared to be little affected by the observed changes in the intragravel environment.

Download or read book The Effect of Logging on Twelve Salmon Streams in Southeast Alaska written by United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Gravel Morphology on Fine Sediment Accumulation and Survival of Incubating Salmon Eggs written by William R. Meehan and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rate of fine sediment accumulation and survival of pink salmon eggs were determined for three types of stream gravels. At low stream flows, round gravel accumulated somewhat more sediment than other gravel types, while at higher discharges angular gravel accumulated more sediment. Survival of pink salmon eggs was slightly higher in angular gravel.

Download or read book Cumulative Effects of Logging Road Sediment on Salmonid Populations in the Clearwater River Jefferson County Washington written by C. J. Cederholm and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Increased Stream Sedimentation Associated with Logging Activity and Its Effects Upon Salmonid Fishes written by David A. Heller and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Logging Road Landslide Siltation on the Salmon and Trout Spawning Gravels of Stequaleho Creek and the Clearwater River Basin Jefferson County Washington 1972 1978 written by Carl Jeffrey Cederholm and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ecological Effects of Logging on the Macroinvertebrates of a Salmon Stream in British Columbia microform written by Culp, Joseph M and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1982 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Logging and Mass Wasting on Salmonid Spawning Habitat in Streams on the Queen Charlotte Islands written by D. B. Tripp and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Logging and Mass Wasting on Salmonid Spawning Habitat in Streams on the Queen Charlotte Islands written by Colombie-Britannique. Ministry of Forests and Lands and published by Ministry of Forests and Lands. This book was released on 1986 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Selective Logging and Roads on Instream Fine Sediments and Macroinvertebrate Assemblages in the Clackamas Basin Oregon written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logging and associated skid trails, haul routes, and roads can have significant impacts on the magnitude and timing of sediments in streams in forested watersheds. Loss of vegetation, soil compaction, use of heavy logging equipment, and alteration of natural hydrologic patterns within the watershed can increase landslide rates, create erosion, and generate fine sediments. Selective logging, also called thinning, is a logging practice that leaves some trees within sale units unharvested. The ecological impacts of thinning on stream ecosystems are not fully understood and need further study. My hypothesis was that macroinvertebrate assemblages would be different in streams in non-reference areas that contain recent selective logging compared to streams in reference areas, and in downstream vs. upstream of selective logging units. I also hypothesized that selective logging and high road densities would be associated with increased instream fine sediments. I sampled water quality parameters and macroinvertebrates in three managed and three reference streams in the Clackamas River Basin during the field season of 2013. Turbidity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), suspended sediment concentrations (SSC), and flow were sampled at each stream on four occasions during spring through early fall. Macroinvertebrates were sampled once in late summer or early fall. EPA rapid habitat assessments, canopy cover, pebble counts, embeddedness, and slope were also determined. Water quality parameters and macroinvertebrate indices in reference and non-reference sites were compared using t-tests, Welch's tests, or rank based equivalents. Macroinvertebrate assemblage patterns and associated environmental variables were characterized using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination plots and envfit overlays. Macroinvertebrates had higher abundance and taxa richness in non-reference streams, and indices suggested poorer water quality in non-reference streams. Non-reference streams had a lower percentage of shredders and a higher portion of gatherer-collectors. Associations between land use, fine sediments, and changes in macroinvertebrate metrics and community assemblages were apparent at the reference vs. non-reference scale. It is likely that macroinvertebrates are responding, at least in part, to past logging and high road densities in non-reference streams. Fewer indications were found that recent logging may be affecting water quality and macroinvertebrates. Pearson's correlation coefficients show that the percent of recent logging upstream of study sites was correlated with several measures of fine sediments, suggesting that recent land use may be affecting sediment levels at the subwatershed scale. Stream temperatures increased from upstream to downstream in non-reference sites. Though no continual stream temperature data were collected in this study, the history of continuing temperature standard exceedances in the area suggest that further investigation of how selective logging may be affecting stream temperature and other water quality parameters in the Clackamas Basin is warranted. No other differences in water quality parameters were found from upstream to downstream, possibly because water quality was sufficiently protected, or because signals from land use impacts may be obscured by a several factors, including upstream confounding factors such as roads and past logging, and natural variability.

Download or read book Technical Notes of the Alaska Forest Research Center written by United States. Northern Forest Experiment Station, Juneau, Alaska and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Final Environmental Impact Statement written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: