Download or read book The Effect of in Situ Retorting on Oil Shade Pillars written by Levant Ozdemir and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this investigation was to determine the mechanical properties of oil shale at elevated temperatures and confining pressures, the thermal properties at elevated temperatures and to provide mathematical models that can be utilized for effective mine and pillar design for an in-situ oil shale retorting operation. Cf. Abstract.

Download or read book Methods for Minimizing Plastic Flow of Oil Shale During in Situ Retorting written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an in situ oil shale retorting process, plastic flow of hot rubblized oil shale is minimized by injecting carbon dioxide and water into spent shale above the retorting zone. These gases react chemically with the mineral constituents of the spent shale to form a cement-like material which binds the individual shale particles together and bonds the consolidated mass to the wall of the retort. This relieves the weight burden borne by the hot shale below the retorting zone and thereby minimizes plastic flow in the hot shale. At least a portion of the required carbon dioxide and water can be supplied by recycled product gases.

Download or read book Identification of Research and Development Priorities and of Costing Problems Associated with Implementation of in Situ Recovery of Shale Oil written by S. S. Penner and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Look at in Situ Oil Shale Retorting Methods Based on Limited Heat Transfer Contact Surfaces written by Allen L. Barnes and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development and Operation of an Experimental Entrained solids Oil shale Retort written by Harold W. Sohns and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigation of the Geokinetics Horizontal in Situ Oil Shale Retorting Process Quarterly Report October November December 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ignition of Geokinetics first full-sized prototype retort (Retort 24) was completed on December 1, 1980. Recovery of oil from Retort No. 24 began about midway through December, and 531 barrels of oil had been recovered by the end of the quarter. A cold oil effect resulted in the accumulation of oil within the retort. Five thousand one ninety one barrels of oil were shipped to WESRECO, Salt Lake City, Utah during the quarter, and the shale oil was blended into No. 5 fuel oil, which was sold to industrial users. The Retort No. 25 post-blast core drilling program was completed in October. A total of seven core holes were drilled. Evaluation of the core samples was underway. Preliminary analysis indicated good breakage in the lower portion of Retort No. 25. A new technique for sealing retort surface fractures was designed and implemented on Retort No. 25. A layer of bentonite with gas and steam retention properties was applied to the retort surface and covered with a layer of topsoil.

Download or read book Investigation of the Geokinetics Horizontal in Situ Oil Shale Retorting Process written by Edward G. Costimiris and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the end of March 1982, Retort No. 25 was in its 167th day of burning with a total oil production of 16,599 barrels, an average of 99 barrels per day for this five month burn period. Total oil production for the first quarter was 9187 barrels, an average of 3062 barrels per month or 102 barrels per day. Various environmental studies were carried out on Retort No. 25 during this burn period, as defined in the Environment Research Plan. Stack gas analyses show that the retort operated within the PSD established emission levels. Lab and field experiments continued on a wet scrubber to remove H/sub 2/S and NH/sub 3/ from the process gas. Process and instrumentation wells were drilled on Retort No. 26. All process holes were completed in February and all instrumentation holes were finished in March. Installment of process manifolding, surface piping and thermocouples is continuing. The Retort No. 27 site was prepared for blasting during January and February with detonation of the retort accomplished on February 25. Retort No. 27, the first 2 acre retort, used 283,000 pounds of Ireco explosive loaded into 354 blast holes. Important data concerning the effect of retort size increase, early overburden motion and the effects of blast design modifications upon shale fracturing characteristics were obtained from this blast. Preliminary indications show that the blast was a success and post blast analysis is presently in progress to evaluate the characteristics of the blast. During the quarter, the second and third suite of samples for the Retort No. 25 fugitive emissions study were gathered. From this study, it was concluded that more sampling will be required before fugitive emission rates can be properly characterized.

Download or read book Pollution Control Technical Manual for Modified In Situ Oil Shale Retorting Combined with Lurgi Surface Retorting written by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.

Download or read book Method for Rubblizing an Oil Shale Deposit for in Situ Retorting written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A method for rubblizing an oil shale deposit that has been formed in alternate horizontal layers of rich and lean shale, including the steps of driving a horizontal tunnel along the lower edge of a rich shale layer of the deposit, sublevel caving by fan drilling and blasting of both rich and lean overlying shale layers at the distal end of the tunnel to rubblize the layers, removing a substantial amount of the accessible rubblized rich shale to permit the overlying rubblized lean shale to drop to tunnel floor level to form a column of lean shale, performing additional sublevel caving of rich and lean shale towards the proximate end of the tunnel, removal of a substantial amount of the additionally rubblized rich shale to allow the overlying rubblized lean shale to drop to tunnel floor level to form another column of rubblized lean shale, similarly performing additional steps of sublevel caving and removal of rich rubble to form additional columns of lean shale rubble in the rich shale rubble in the tunnel, and driving additional horizontal tunnels in the deposit and similarly rubblizing the overlying layers of rich and lean shale and forming columns of rubblized lean shale in the rich, thereby forming an in situ oil shale retort having zones of lean shale that remain permeable to hot retorting fluids in the presence of high rubble pile pressures and high retorting temperatures.

Download or read book Potential Future Role of Oil Shale written by United States. Interagency Task Force on Oil Shale and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report of the Interagency Task Force on Oil Shale examines the prospects for expanding shale oil production to meet the objectives of Project Independence. The study considers production potential; resource requirements such as human, money, and material resources; production constraints; and actions needed to accelerate development. The report also deals with economic factors in increased development of oil shale production; oil shale resource base and ownership; leasing requirements and policy; water demand, supply and quality; air quality analysis; impact on fish and wildlife; and the status of technology.

Download or read book Investigation of the Geokinetics Horizontal in Situ Oil Shale Retorting Process Quarterly Report October November December 1983 written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Retort No. 27 was ignited on August 11, 1983 and by December 31 had completed 139 days of operation and produced 11,420 barrels of oil. Retort No. 28 was ignited on October 18, 1983 and on December 31 had completed 74 days of operation and produced 5,285 barrels of oil. The off-gas processing plants for the two retorts was completed and put through a shakedown run. Concentration levels of H2S and NH3 in the retort off gas did not warrant plant operation in the fourth quarter. Environmental studies are reported.

Download or read book Withdrawal of Gases and Liquids from an in Situ Oil Shale Retort written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in situ oil shale retort is formed within a subterranean formation containing oil shale. The retort contains a fragmented permeable mass of formation particles containing oil shale. A production level drift extends below the fragmented mass, leaving a lower sill pillar of unfragmented formation between the production level drift and the fragmented mass. During retorting operations, liquid and gaseous products are recovered from a lower portion of the fragmented mass. A liquid outlet line extends from a lower portion of the fragmented mass through the lower sill pillar for conducting liquid products to a sump in the production level drift. Gaseous products are withdrawn from the fragmented mass through a plurality of gas outlet lines distributed across a horizontal cross-section of a lower portion of the fragmented mass. The gas outlet lines extend from the fragmented mass through the lower sill pillar and into the production level drift. The gas outlet lines are connected to a gas withdrawal manifold in the production level drift, and gaseous products are withdrawn from the manifold separately from withdrawal of liquid products from the sump in the production level drift.

Download or read book Partitioning of Major Minor and Trace Elements During Simulated in Situ Oil Shale Retorting in a Controlled state Retort written by J. P. Fox and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Control Strategies for Abandoned in Situ Oil Shale Retorts written by J. P. Fox and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Control Technology for in Situ Oil Shale Retorts written by J. P. Fox and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Organic Constituents in Process Water from the In situ Retorting of Oil from Oil shale Kerogen written by L. A. Raphaelian and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigation of the Geokinetics Horizontal in Situ Oil Shale Retorting Process Quarterly Report January March 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Retort No. 18 produced 3479 barrels of oil during the quarter for a total of 4528 barrels to date. Chromatographic analyses of Retort No. 18 shale oil by the GKI analytical laboratory indicated variation in the oil from the wells near the air-in end and from the air-out end of the retort. Shale oil has been blended with Altamont crude (the Roosevelt refinery's normal feedstock); the distillation, API gravity, pour point, flash point, Naptha and Cat Gas were not affected by the shale oil. The diesel off the crude unit changed from water white to yellow, however, and a fine grayish-brown precipitate formed. Re-entry drilling was performed on Retorts No. 21, No. 22, and No. 23 during the quarter; tracer tests were run by Sandia Laboratories on Retorts No. 19, No. 21, No. 22, and No. 23. Blasthole drilling began on Retort No. 25.