Download or read book The Effect of Direct to consumer Advertising on Prescription Drug Use Among the Insured written by Richard Aaron Hansen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Direct to Consumer Advertising and Insurers Spending Control Mechanisms for Prescription Drugs written by Courtney Yarbrough and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous studies have examined the effects of direct-to-consumer advertising (DTC) on patient and physician behaviors; however, none has focused on the relationship between DTC and insurance benefit design. In this study, we explored the impact of DTC advertising on the cost control behaviors of private firms supplying insurance in the Medicare Part D program. We used data from the IMS National Prescription Drug Promotions database and formulary information from Medicare Part D prescription drug plans from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to study the relationship between DTC spending and formulary tier placement, using an instrumental variables estimator to control for the endogeneity of DTC spending. Our results suggest that direct-to-consumer advertising puts pressure on insurers for more favorable formulary placement. Television direct-to-consumer advertising and other measures of manufacturer market power had a significant and negative effect on the likelihood of a branded drug being classified as nonpreferred in formularies. Similarly, we found that when insurers had more market power, branded drugs were more likely to be placed in a nonpreferred formulary tier. We hypothesize that consumers play an important mediating role in the relationship between DTC advertising and insurance coverage for drugs.
Download or read book Prescription Drugs written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Making Medicines Affordable written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to remarkable advances in modern health care attributable to science, engineering, and medicine, it is now possible to cure or manage illnesses that were long deemed untreatable. At the same time, however, the United States is facing the vexing challenge of a seemingly uncontrolled rise in the cost of health care. Total medical expenditures are rapidly approaching 20 percent of the gross domestic product and are crowding out other priorities of national importance. The use of increasingly expensive prescription drugs is a significant part of this problem, making the cost of biopharmaceuticals a serious national concern with broad political implications. Especially with the highly visible and very large price increases for prescription drugs that have occurred in recent years, finding a way to make prescription medicinesâ€"and health care at largeâ€"more affordable for everyone has become a socioeconomic imperative. Affordability is a complex function of factors, including not just the prices of the drugs themselves, but also the details of an individual's insurance coverage and the number of medical conditions that an individual or family confronts. Therefore, any solution to the affordability issue will require considering all of these factors together. The current high and increasing costs of prescription drugsâ€"coupled with the broader trends in overall health care costsâ€"is unsustainable to society as a whole. Making Medicines Affordable examines patient access to affordable and effective therapies, with emphasis on drug pricing, inflation in the cost of drugs, and insurance design. This report explores structural and policy factors influencing drug pricing, drug access programs, the emerging role of comparative effectiveness assessments in payment policies, changing finances of medical practice with regard to drug costs and reimbursement, and measures to prevent drug shortages and foster continued innovation in drug development. It makes recommendations for policy actions that could address drug price trends, improve patient access to affordable and effective treatments, and encourage innovations that address significant needs in health care.
Download or read book Potential Effects of a Ban on Direct to Consumer Advertising of New Prescription Drugs written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prescription Drugs written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Public Health Impact of Direct to Consumer Advertising of Prescription Drugs July 2001 January 2002 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Direct to consumer Advertising of Prescription Drugs written by United States. Congress. Senate. Special Committee on Aging and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selling Sickness written by Ray Moynihan and published by Greystone Books. This book was released on 2008-09-01 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this hard-hitting indictment of the pharmaceutical industry, Ray Moynihan and Allan Cassels show how drug companies are systematically using their dominating influence in the world of medical science, drug companies are working to widen the very boundaries that define illness. Mild problems are redefined as serious illness, and common complaints are labeled as medical conditions requiring drug treatments. Runny noses are now allergic rhinitis, PMS has become a psychiatric disorder, and hyperactive children have ADD. Selling Sickness reveals how expanding the boundaries of illness and lowering the threshold for treatments is creating millions of new patients and billions in new profits, in turn threatening to bankrupt national healthcare systems all over the world. This Canadian edition includes an introduction placing the issue in a Canadian context and describing why Canadians should be concerned about the problem.
Download or read book The Effects of Direct to Consumer Advertising in the Prescription Drug Markets written by Toshiaki Iizuka and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year of 1997 witnessed an important change in direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising of prescription drugs. For the first time, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) permitted brand-specific DTC ads on TV without a "brief summary" of comprehensive risk information. This led to a three-fold growth of DTC advertising expenditure in four years, followed by an intensive debate about the effects of DTC advertising on patient and doctor behaviors. This paper empirically examines the effects of DTC ads on ethical drugs by combining 1996-1999 DTC advertising data with the annual National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS). We find that DTC advertising leads to a large increase in the number of outpatient drug visits, a moderate increase in the time spent with doctors, but no effect on doctors' specific choice among prescription drugs within a therapeutic class. Consistent with the proponents' claim, this finding suggests that DTC ads encourage patient visits but do not challenge doctors' authority in the specific choice of prescription drugs. We cannot rule out the possibilities, however, that DTC ads may induce doctors to use prescription drugs over alternative treatments and doctors may spend extra time clarifying DTC ads if they do not prescribe the most advertised drug(s). Our results suggest that the effect of DTC advertising is primarily market-expanding rather than business-stealing, and therefore DTC advertising is a public good for all drugs in the same therapeutic class.
Download or read book The Effect of Direct to Consumer Advertising on Prescription Drug Prices and Sales written by Dhaval Dave and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study is to estimate the effect of direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) of prescription drugs on prescription drug prices and sales. Major increases in broadcast DTCA began in August 1997 when the FDA eliminated the requirement that broadcast advertising present all of the information on the product insert in the advertisement. From 1995 to 2005 DTCA went from $380 million year to $4.24 billion year. Today only the U.S. and New Zealand allow broadcast DTCA. The model shows that a time limited monopoly will initially set prices low and advertising high which will reverse over the patent life. Advertising ends with the expiration of the patent. A pooled data set for all advertised and non-advertised drugs in four major therapeutic classes spanning the period of 1994-2005 was created. Regression models of prescription drug prices and sales on DTCA, detailing, free samples and patent expiration were estimated. Preliminary results suggest that broadcast DTCA has increased prescription drug prices and sales. The expansion in broadcast DTCA may be responsible for about 18 percent of the overall growth in prescription drug expenditures over the sample period. About two-thirds of the growth in expenditures is due to increased sales and about one-third is due to higher prices.
Download or read book Prescription Drugs written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) of prescription drugs, focusing on: (1) its potential benefits or detriments; (2) consumer and physician attitudes toward DTCA and the confidence placed in this knowledge; and (3) existing research gaps regarding DTCA. GAO found that: (1) the many benefits cited as possible effects of DTCA included consumer education, price reduction, and patient involvement in health care, and the detriments included physician shopping, increased costs, and inadequate risk information; (2) the findings from the few studies conducted to determine the possible effects of DTCA did not apply to all types of advertising or to all consumers; (3) the few research studies of physicians' and consumers' opinions of DTCA were limited since the studies did not systematically address the advertising and media differences, and sampling designs were flawed; (4) as a result of the limitations, those studies did not measure the extent to which opinions about DTCA were positive or negative or short-term changes in those opinions; (5) studies indicated that, generally, physicians opposed DTCA because they believed that it would undermine the physician-patient relationship with the extent of their opposition depending on the type of DTCA, the media, and the content; (6) since most consumers were unaware of DTCA, they based their opinions about it on other experiences, such as other products' advertisements; (7) in general, consumers supported DTCA because they believed that it would provide them with information; (8) there was limited information regarding whether DTCA effects differed by media or content; and (9) such gaps as the effect of widespread advertising on drug prices may not be possible to study before the actual widespread implementation of DTCA.
Download or read book The Economics of Prescription Drug Advertising written by Marta Ewa Wosinska and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Direct to consumer Advertising of Prescription Medications in an Elderly Population written by Thomas Patrick Christensen and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Matching Prescription Drugs and Consumers written by Paul H. Rubin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This was the first paper to discuss the benefits of direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising. It was published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1985. The authors are Alison Masson (AKA Alison Keith) and Paul H. Rubin, and the paper was written when the authors were economists at the Federal Trade Commission. The argument was that there were pieces of information available to patients that might not be available to physicians, and DTC advertising could make use of this information. For example, a patient might have stopped taking a drug because of side effects. In that case, he would not be contact with a physician, and so might not obtain information about new drugs lacking that side effect. Similarly, a new treatment for a previously untreatable condition might become available, but the patient would not be in a position to learn of this new treatment if he were not in contact with a physician. It was also argued that DTC advertising could increase competition between various medications, and so lead to lower prices. When the paper was written, the FDA had in place a moratorium on DTC advertising. The paper as later cited by the FDA in its decision to allow such advertising. The arguments can still explain the benefits of most DTC advertising.
Download or read book The Future of Drug Safety written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-02-27 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of publicity and congressional attention to drug safety issues, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requested the Institute of Medicine assess the drug safety system. The committee reported that a lack of clear regulatory authority, chronic underfunding, organizational problems, and a scarcity of post-approval data about drugs' risks and benefits have hampered the FDA's ability to evaluate and address the safety of prescription drugs after they have reached the market. Noting that resources and therefore efforts to monitor medications' riskâ€"benefit profiles taper off after approval, The Future of Drug Safety offers a broad set of recommendations to ensure that consideration of safety extends from before product approval through the entire time the product is marketed and used.
Download or read book The Impact of Direct to Consumer Advertising of Prescription Drugs on Physician Visits and Drug Requests written by Qiang Liu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyzes the effect of DTCA expenditures for anti-hyperlipidemia drugs on patient behaviors. The key findings are: (a) DTCA expenditures have a positive and long-term effect on the number of visits to physicians by newly-diagnosed hyperlipidemia patients. (b) The effectiveness of DTCA in generating new patient visits varies substantially across patient sub-groups. (c) The effect of DTCA is larger on drug visits than on non-drug-only visits. (d) Own-brand DTCA expenditures increase the number of patient requests for Lipitor and Zocor, but have no effect on patient requests for Pravachol. Competing drugs' DTCA expenditures have a positive effect only on patient requests for the leading brand, Lipitor. (e) A cost-effectiveness analysis suggests that the economic benefits of DTCA in terms of life years saved by preventing cardiovascular disease are considerably larger than the costs of advertising. (f) DTCA on TV has strong effects on underserved segments of the population, such as those on Medicaid. We believe this finding should be carefully considered by proponents of a complete ban or stricter regulations on DTCA.
