Download or read book The Effect of Cleaning Ultrafiltration Membrane Using Different Concentration of NaOH written by Mohd Farridd Ahmad Termizi and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The developments of membrane technology are currently increased in parallel with the wide requirement. This happen because many application of this membrane technology. One of the applications from membrane technology is treatment of waste water as this experiment withheld. The study of mercury separation in deionized (DI) water using Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane to make sure whether UF membrane can separate mercury in the solution or not. This study using (UF) without the basis of PVDF. Besides, this study was held for pressure from 1.5-10.5 bar. If the optimum pressure of 5 bar, permeate flux value is as low as1.82Lm2/min and retentate flux value is as high as 18.02Lm2/min achieved. Concentration value at retentate is high showing that the presences of mercury inhibit in the sample compare to original (DI) water. Concentration value achieved at retentate is about 2.0μg/L and permeate value is 1.0μg/L. After running separation process, observed that the product flow will be constant starting at the first 20 minutes to 40 minutes. This happen because pores on the Ultrafiltration membrane surface clogged with mercury. In order to clean pores, 5 concentration parameter NaOH for 0.1M, 0.2M, 0.3M, 0.4M, 0.5M recommended for cleaning process. From overall results, 0.5M NaOH is suitable for cleaning process of (UF) membrane according to graph plotted as same as standard graph that we get from first experiment.

Download or read book Ultrafiltration Membrane Cleaning Processes written by Guillem Gilabert-Oriol and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the ultrafiltration membranes, specifically focusing on the elements that are produced using PVDF technology and out-side-in configuration. It specifically targets ultrafiltration technology as a pretreatment of seawater reverse osmosis desalination process. However, what is described in the book can be leveraged in other ultrafiltration membrane types. It explains how to significantly improve the efficiency of the process.

Download or read book Surface Modifying Macromolecules SMM Incorporated Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter NOM Removal written by Thanh Huyen Dang and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Desalination and Water Treatment written by Murat Eyvaz and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-09-19 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for fresh water is increasing with the rapid growth of the world's population. In countries and regions with available water resources, it is necessary to ensure the health and safety of the water supply. However, in countries and regions with limited freshwater resources, priority is given to water supply plans and projects, among which the desalination strategy stands out. In the desalination process, membrane and thermal processes are used to obtain fresh water from salty water that is in abundant amounts in the sea. This book will outline valuable scientific contributions to the new desalination and water treatment technologies to obtain high quality water with low negative environmental impacts and cost. The editors would like to record their sincere thanks to the authors for their contributions.

Download or read book Handbook of Food Engineering written by Dennis R. Heldman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 1310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the complexity of the food supply system increases, the focus on processes used to convert raw food materials and ingredients into consumer food products becomes more important. The Handbook of Food Engineering, Third Edition, continues to provide students and food engineering professionals with the latest information needed to improve the efficiency of the food supply system. As with the previous editions, this book contains the latest information on the thermophysical properties of foods and kinetic constants needed to estimate changes in key components of foods during manufacturing and distribution. Illustrations are used to demonstrate the applications of the information to process design. Researchers should be able to use the information to pursue new directions in process development and design, and to identify future directions for research on the physical properties of foods and kinetics of changes in the food throughout the supply system. Features Covers basic concepts of transport and storage of liquids and solids, heating and cooling of foods, and food ingredients New chapter covers nanoscale science in food systems Includes chapters on mass transfer in foods and membrane processes for liquid concentration and other applications Discusses specific unit operations on freezing, concentration, dehydration, thermal processing, and extrusion The first four chapters of the Third Edition focus primarily on the properties of foods and food ingredients with a new chapter on nanoscale applications in foods. Each of the eleven chapters that follow has a focus on one of the more traditional unit operations used throughout the food supply system. Major revisions and/or updates have been incorporated into chapters on heating and cooling processes, membrane processes, extrusion processes, and cleaning operations.

Download or read book Handbook of Membrane Separations written by Anil Kumar Pabby and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-07-07 with total page 1210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Biotechnological Applications provides detailed information on membrane separation technologies as they have evolved over the past decades. To provide a basic understanding of membrane technology, this book documents the developments dealing with these technologies. It explo

Download or read book Comprehensive Membrane Science and Engineering written by Enrico Drioli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 1709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Membrane Science and Engineering, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is an interdisciplinary and innovative reference work on membrane science and technology. Written by leading researchers and industry professionals from a range of backgrounds, chapters elaborate on recent and future developments in the field of membrane science and explore how the field has advanced since the previous edition published in 2010. Chapters are written by academics and practitioners across a variety of fields, including chemistry, chemical engineering, material science, physics, biology and food science. Each volume covers a wide spectrum of applications and advanced technologies, such as new membrane materials (e.g. thermally rearranged polymers, polymers of intrinsic microporosity and new hydrophobic fluoropolymer) and processes (e.g. reverse electrodialysis, membrane contractors, membrane crystallization, membrane condenser, membrane dryers and membrane emulsifiers) that have only recently proved their full potential for industrial application. This work covers the latest advances in membrane science, linking fundamental research with real-life practical applications using specially selected case studies of medium and large-scale membrane operations to demonstrate successes and failures with a look to future developments in the field. Contains comprehensive, cutting-edge coverage, helping readers understand the latest theory Offers readers a variety of perspectives on how membrane science and engineering research can be best applied in practice across a range of industries Provides the theory behind the limits, advantages, future developments and failure expectations of local membrane operations in emerging countries

Download or read book Tailor made Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes for the Study of the Effects of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Fouling written by Sepideh Hakim Elahi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles are currently used in many consumer products, such as cosmetics, sunscreens, paint and many other applications. Therefore, with this increasing manufacture and application, it is inevitable that large amounts of nanoparticles are eventually discharged into the environment. Due to their size and high capacity to convey toxic substances, nanoparticles can have adverse effects on human health and the environment. Therefore, nanoparticles are an emerging class of contaminants that water purification technologies must be designed to remove when present. Membranes are capable of separating species as a function of their physical and chemical properties when a driving force is applied, which enables filtration for removal of colloids, cells and molecules. Filtration processes, such as ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF), play major roles in filtration of fresh waters, brackish and saline waters, as well as wastewaters. A concern for membranes is the ability of nanoparticles to deposit within the membrane pores as well as on the membrane surface to foul the surface. Particles smaller than membrane pores can accumulate at the pore entrance to ultimately block the pore entrance and/or enter the membrane material matrix and adsorb to the membrane interior. Like larger colloids, fouling by nanoparticles is influenced by the solution chemistry (ionic strength, pH) and may therefore be controllable. However, the impacts of solution chemistry on the aggregation state and deposition mechanisms of nanoparticles have not yet been fully addressed. Therefore in this work, hydrophobic flash-sheet polysulfone (PSf) membranes, chosen due to polysulfone's high mechanical strength and thermostability, were casted via phase inversion to investigate the effects of two metal oxide nanoparticles on membrane fouling. First, membranes were cast using different casting dope concentrations in the presence/absence of a pore former (i.e. lithium chloride) with different thicknesses for characterization with respect to flux and salt (i.e. sodium chloride) rejection. The results revealed that with increasing dope concentration and membrane thickness, permeability decreased and subsequently salt rejection increased. Furthermore, compared to LiCl-free membranes, LiCl-containing ones were more permeable and displayed higher salt rejection, which was due to more porosity and smaller pore size caused by LiCl additives in membranes. In the second portion of the study, the effects of two metal oxide nanoparticles, TiO2 and ZnO, on membrane flux and salt rejection were determined. In this work, TiO2 and ZnO were added to the filtration solution, also known as feed solution. Interestingly, when TiO2 was a part of filtration solution, higher filtration fluxes than pure water fluxes were obtained; on the other hand, ZnO presence in the filtration solution decreased the filtration flux. In other words, TiO2 presence in the filtration solution increased the flux, while ZnO behaved, as expected, almost the same as filtration of only sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. The increase in flux was possibly due to TiO2 agglomeration (despite sonication) and flocculation of TiO2 nanoparticles in the presence of increasing ionic strength. It is hypothesized that at high ionic strength, zeta potentials would decrease due to double layer compression, which caused TiO2 to tend to flocculate to form a more permeable fouling cake. The larger particles would also experience more hydrodynamic lift, which would lead to a thinner cake layer and thus higher flux during filtration.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Membranes written by Enrico Drioli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-14 with total page 1100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A landmark work covering the major aspects of the science, technology and application of membrane operations and related fields, from basic phenomena to the most advanced applications and future perspectives. Over 1500 concise entries in an A-Z format cover a vibrant field with a multitude of applications in diverse disciplines such as biotechnology, medicine, agro-food and petrochemical industries, environmental protection, as well as drinking water supply. Coverage includes membrane reactors and catalytic design (catalytic membrane reactors). Practically all unit operations of process engineering can be redesigned as membrane unit operations (e. g. membrane distillation, membrane crystallization, membrane stripping, membrane scrubbing). Entries are provided by an international team of experts from academia, research institutions as well as from industry.

Download or read book Process Scale Purification of Antibodies written by Uwe Gottschalk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-07 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Promoting a continued and much-needed renaissance in biopharmaceutical manufacturing, this book covers the different strategies and assembles top-tier technology experts to address the challenges of antibody purification. • Updates existing topics and adds new ones that include purification of antibodies produced in novel production systems, novel separation technologies, novel antibody formats and alternative scaffolds, and strategies for ton-scale manufacturing • Presents new and updated discussions of different purification technologies, focusing on how they can address the capacity crunch in antibody purification • Emphasizes antibodies and innovative chromatography methods for processing

Download or read book Modelling of the Microfiltration Process written by Zhan Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-12 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the editor's recently proposed mathematical models for flux prediction in membrane filtration. It also provides typical mathematical models used in the development of membrane fouling control and explains the step-by-step derivation of these models. The book then highlights how these mathematical models provide insights into the mechanisms of membrane fouling and cleaning to allow for a better understanding of the complete membrane filtration process. Given its scope, this book appeals to a broad readership, particularly professionals at universities as well as engineers engaged in membrane separation in an industrial process.

Download or read book Handbook of Membrane Separations written by Anil K. Pabby and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of the Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Biotechnological Applications provides a comprehensive discussion of membrane applications. Fully updated to include the latest advancements in membrane science and technology, it is a one-of-its-kind overview of the existing literature. This fully illustrated handbook is written by experts and professionals in membrane applications from around the world. Key Features: Includes entirely new chapters on organic solvent-resistant nanofiltration, membrane condensers, membrane-reactors in hydrogen production, membrane materials for haemodialysis, and integrated membrane distillation Covers the full spectrum of membrane technology and its advancements Explores membrane applications in a range of fields, from biotechnological and food processing to industrial waste management and environmental engineering This book will appeal to both newcomers to membrane science as well as engineers and scientists looking to expand their knowledge on upcoming advancements in the field.

Download or read book Advances in Energy Environment and Chemical Engineering Volume 2 written by Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-21 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Energy, Environment and Chemical Engineering collects papers resulting from the conference on Energy, Environment and Chemical Engineering (AEECE 2022), Dali, China, 24-26 June, 2022. The primary goal is to promote research and developmental activities in energy technology, environment engineering and chemical engineering. Moreover, it aims to promote scientific information interchange between scholars from the top universities, business associations, research centers and high-tech enterprises working all around the world. The conference conducts in-depth exchanges and discussions on relevant topics such as energy engineering, environment technology and advanced chemical technology, aiming to provide an academic and technical communication platform for scholars and engineers engaged in scientific research and engineering practice in the field of saving technologies, environmental chemistry, clean production and so on. By sharing the research status of scientific research achievements and cutting-edge technologies, it helps scholars and engineers all over the world comprehend the academic development trend and broaden research ideas. So as to strengthen international academic research, academic topics exchange and discussion, and promote the industrialization cooperation of academic achievements.

Download or read book Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration written by Zeman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrates knowledge on microfiltration and ultrification, membrane chemistry, and characterization methods with the engineering and economic aspects of device performance, device and module design, processes, and applications. The text provides a discussion of membrane fundamentals and an analytical framework for designing and developing new filtrations systems for a broad range of technologically important functions. It offers information on membrane liquid precursors, fractal and stochastic pore space analysis, novel and advanced module designs, and original process design calculations.

Download or read book The Effect of Wastewater Components on the Fouling of Ceramic Membranes written by Radhi Alazmi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not specified : In this work, the effect of wastewater feed composition on the membranefouling rate of 5 and 20 kD ultrafiltration ceramic membranes was investigatedusing statistical analysis of the experimental results (two way factorial design), with particular regard to the protein (meat extract and peptone), sodiumalginate and calcium chloride components. A mathematical model was usedto determine the major membrane blocking mechanisms and the effect ofdifferent feed components concentration on the blocking mechanisms. Polysaccharides are the major fouling compounds in extracellular polymericsubstance (EPS), while protein compounds are an important part of EPSmembrane fouling, their effect increases in the presence of polysaccharides. Sodium alginate calcium solutions fouled the membrane more severely, causing twice the increase of resistance (on average) than did meat extractcalcium solutions. This study showed that irreversible fouling was the majorfouling type in alginate calcium filtration experiments, while less of the foulingin the meat extract calcium filtration experiments was irreversible. The effect of changing the artificial wastewater components concentration onthe fitting accuracy of the blocking models for the 20 kD pore size membranewas almost the opposite of the 5 kD pore size membrane. Increasing thecalcium concentration increased the predication accuracy of the intermediateand complete blocking models, while the increase in alginate concentrationreduced the cake filtration model prediction accuracy. After each experiment, the membrane was cleaned using different cleaningchemical concentrations. The best cleaning was achieved with increasingsodium hydroxide concentration in the cleaning solution. In general highercleaning temperature and increasing cleaning time improved the membranerecovery, nevertheless; the effect was not as noticeable as the effect ofincreasing sodium hydroxide concentration.

Download or read book Impact of Operating Parameters on Flux Decline in Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration written by Anais A. Makardij and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Membrane Technology and Applications written by Norman N Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 1105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced membranes-from fundamentals and membrane chemistry to manufacturing and applications A hands-on reference for practicing professionals, Advanced Membrane Technology and Applications covers the fundamental principles and theories of separation and purification by membranes, the important membrane processes and systems, and major industrial applications. It goes far beyond the basics to address the formulation and industrial manufacture of membranes and applications. This practical guide: Includes coverage of all the major types of membranes: ultrafiltration; microfiltration; nanofiltration; reverse osmosis (including the recent high-flux and low-pressure membranes and anti-fouling membranes); membranes for gas separations; and membranes for fuel cell uses Addresses six major topics: membranes and applications in water and wastewater; membranes for biotechnology and chemical/biomedical applications; gas separations; membrane contractors and reactors; environmental and energy applications; and membrane materials and characterization Includes discussions of important strategic issues and the future of membrane technology With chapters contributed by leading experts in their specific areas and a practical focus, this is the definitive reference for professionals in industrial manufacturing and separations and research and development; practitioners in the manufacture and applications of membranes; scientists in water treatment, pharmaceutical, food, and fuel cell processing industries; process engineers; and others. It is also an excellent resource for researchers in industry and academia and graduate students taking courses in separations and membranes and related fields.