Download or read book The Effect of Buoyant Convection on the Buoyancy driven Spreading and Draining of Porous Media Gravity Currents Along a Permeability Jump written by Imran Khan and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate theoretically the impact of introducing convective dissolution along the interface of a (dense) miscible gravity current propagating up- and downdip along a permeability jump in a saturated, layered porous medium. Emphasis is placed on three different dissolution scenarios, namely constant dissolution, dissolution with simultaneous shutdown and dissolution with sequential shutdown. The last two modes are book-end opposite cases that make different assumptions concerning the mixing that arises along the gravity current-ambient interface. In the case of simultaneous shutdown, all portions of the interface experience the same rate of convective dissolution. Thus the point of shutdown, the instant at which the rate of dissolution begins to decrease, is everywhere the same. Simultaneous shutdown is associated with a rapid mixing of ambient fluid contaminated through dissolution in both the horizontal and vertical directions. By contrast, and in sequential shutdown, we neglect horizontal mixing in the ambient such that, in general, the rate of dissolution depends on position. In all three dissolution scenarios, we apply a sharp interface model and consider that the permeability jump separating the upper and lower layer of the porous medium makes an angle to the horizontal. To gauge the effectiveness of dissolution as a long-term trapping mechanism, e.g. for supercritical CO2 or acid-gas, we consider the temporal evolution of the storage efficiency and examine the impact of changing the dissolution strength, the (possibly infinite) time, t1, for the onset of shutdown and, for t1 ∞, the e-folding decay time, t2, which prescribes the rate at which dissolution terminates. The along-jump distances traveled by the up- and downdip gravity currents fall as the dissolution strength increases. This observation has special importance when characterizing gravity current intermediate run-out lengths, defined (for not small t1) as the along-jump propagation distances where there exists a balance between the fluid supplied to the gravity current vs. that lost by a combination of dissolution and basal draining. The run-out lengths so defined are classified as intermediate because, for t t1, shutdown decreases the rate of dissolution. The associated readjustment leads to a remobilization of previously-arrested gravity current fronts and the subsequent (though not indefinite) elongation of these along-jump flows. In turn, the distances traveled between intermediate and terminal run-out are shown to depend on the dissolution strength and t1. Contrasting sequential vs. simultaneous dissolution models, the former is associated with a high degree of injectate retention in the upper layer and is therefore associated with comparatively large storage efficiencies, E∗h. A more general comparison between dissolution models reveals regions of the parameter space where horizontal mixing in the ambient fluid plays a dynamically significant vs. minor role.
Download or read book Buoyancy Driven Flows written by Eric P. Chassignet and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-05 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Buoyancy is one of the main forces driving flows on our planet, especially in the oceans and atmosphere. These flows range from buoyant coastal currents to dense overflows in the ocean, and from avalanches to volcanic pyroclastic flows on the Earth's surface. This book brings together contributions by leading world scientists to summarize our present theoretical, observational, experimental and modeling understanding of buoyancy-driven flows. Buoyancy-driven currents play a key role in the global ocean circulation and in climate variability through their impact on deep-water formation. Buoyancy-driven currents are also primarily responsible for the redistribution of fresh water throughout the world's oceans. This book is an invaluable resource for advanced students and researchers in oceanography, geophysical fluid dynamics, atmospheric science and the wider Earth sciences who need a state-of-the-art reference on buoyancy-driven flows.
Download or read book Buoyancy driven Flow in Fluid saturated Porous Media Near a Bounding Surface written by Hitoshi Sakamoto and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On Buoyancy driven Flow in Porous Media Motivated by the Energy Industry written by William John Rayward-Smith and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Buoyancy Driven Flow in Porous Media Applied to Heat Storage and Carbon Sequestration written by Peter Dudfield and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the Effects of Buoyancy Forces on Liquid liquid Displacement Processes in Porous Media written by Tianle Guo and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transverse Dispersion in Liquid Flow Through Porous Media written by Eugene Sidney Simpson and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geomorphological Fluid Mechanics written by N.J. Balmforth and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geomorphology deals with some of the most striking patterns of nature. From mountain ranges and mid-ocean ridges to river networks and sand dunes, there is a whole family of forms, structures, and shapes that demand rationalization as well as mathematical description. In the various chapters of this volume, many of these patterns are explored and discussed, and attempts are made to both unravel the reasons for their very existence and to describe their dynamics in quantitative terms. Particular focus is placed on lava and mud flows, ice and snow dynamics, river and coastal morphodynamics and landscape formation. Combining a pedagogical approach with up-to-date reviews of forefront research, this volume will serve both postgraduate students and lecturers in search of advanced textbook material, and experienced researchers wishing to get acquainted with the various physical and mathematical approaches in a range of closely related research fields.
Download or read book Convection in Porous Media written by D.A. Nield and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book we have tried to provide a user-friendly introduction to the topic of convection in porous media. We have assumed that the reader is conversant with the basic elements of fluid mechanics and heat transfer, but otherwise the book is self-contained. Only routine classical mathematics is employed. We hope that the book will be useful both as a review (for reference) and as a tutorial work (suitable as a textbook in a graduate course or seminar). This book brings into perspective the voluminous research that has been performed during the last two decades. The field has recently exploded because of worldwide concern with issues such as energy self-sufficiency and pollution of the environment. Areas of application include the insulation of buildings and equipment, energy storage and recovery, geothermal reservoirs, nuclear waste disposal, chemical reactor engineering, and the storage of heat-generating materials such as grain and coal. Geophysical applications range from the flow of groundwater around hot intrusions to the stability of snow against avalanches.
Download or read book Characterization Modeling Monitoring and Remediation of Fractured Rock written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractured rock is the host or foundation for innumerable engineered structures related to energy, water, waste, and transportation. Characterizing, modeling, and monitoring fractured rock sites is critical to the functioning of those infrastructure, as well as to optimizing resource recovery and contaminant management. Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock examines the state of practice and state of art in the characterization of fractured rock and the chemical and biological processes related to subsurface contaminant fate and transport. This report examines new developments, knowledge, and approaches to engineering at fractured rock sites since the publication of the 1996 National Research Council report Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow: Contemporary Understanding and Fluid Flow. Fundamental understanding of the physical nature of fractured rock has changed little since 1996, but many new characterization tools have been developed, and there is now greater appreciation for the importance of chemical and biological processes that can occur in the fractured rock environment. The findings of Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock can be applied to all types of engineered infrastructure, but especially to engineered repositories for buried or stored waste and to fractured rock sites that have been contaminated as a result of past disposal or other practices. The recommendations of this report are intended to help the practitioner, researcher, and decision maker take a more interdisciplinary approach to engineering in the fractured rock environment. This report describes how existing tools-some only recently developed-can be used to increase the accuracy and reliability of engineering design and management given the interacting forces of nature. With an interdisciplinary approach, it is possible to conceptualize and model the fractured rock environment with acceptable levels of uncertainty and reliability, and to design systems that maximize remediation and long-term performance. Better scientific understanding could inform regulations, policies, and implementation guidelines related to infrastructure development and operations. The recommendations for research and applications to enhance practice of this book make it a valuable resource for students and practitioners in this field.
Download or read book Principles of Environmental Physics written by John Monteith and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1990-02-15 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly revised and up-dated edition of a highly successful textbook.
Download or read book Convective Heat Transfer in Porous Media written by Yasser Mahmoudi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on heat transfer in porous media, this book covers recent advances in nano and macro’ scales. Apart from introducing heat flux bifurcation and splitting within porous media, it highlights two-phase flow, nanofluids, wicking, and convection in bi-disperse porous media. New methods in modeling heat and transport in porous media, such as pore-scale analysis and Lattice–Boltzmann methods, are introduced. The book covers related engineering applications, such as enhanced geothermal systems, porous burners, solar systems, transpiration cooling in aerospace, heat transfer enhancement and electronic cooling, drying and soil evaporation, foam heat exchangers, and polymer-electrolyte fuel cells.
Download or read book Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.
Download or read book Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers written by Jacob Bear and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coastal aquifers serve as major sources for freshwater supply in many countries around the world, especially in arid and semi-arid zones. Many coastal areas are also heavily urbanized, a fact that makes the need for freshwater even more acute. Coastal aquifers are highly sensitive to disturbances. Inappropriate management of a coastal aquifer may lead to its destruction as a source for freshwater much earlier than other aquifers which are not connected to the sea. The reason is the threat of seawater intrusion. In many coastal aquifers, intrusion of seawater has become one of the major constraints imposed on groundwater utilization. As sea water intrusion progresses, existing pumping wells, especially those close to the coast, become saline and have to be abandoned. Also, the area above the intruding seawater wedge is lost as a source of natural replenishment to the aquifer. Despite the importance of this subject, so far there does not exist a book that integrates our present knowledge of seawater intrusion, its occurrences, physical mechanism, chemistry, exploration by geo physical and geochemical techniques, conceptual and mathematical modeling, analytical and numerical solution methods, engineering measures of combating seawater intrusion, management strategies, and experience learned from case studies. By presenting this fairly comprehensive volume on the state-of-the-art of knowledge and ex perience on saltwater intrusion, we hoped to transfer this body of knowledge to the geologists, hydrologists, hydraulic engineers, water resources planners, managers, and governmental policy makers, who are engaged in the sustainable development of coastal fresh ground water resources.
Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book A Peacebuilding Tool for a Conflict Sensitive Approach to Development written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2012-03-01 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Asian Development Bank (ADB) works with a number of developing member countries facing fragile and conflict-affected situations---circumstances that complicate economic development, and might include domestic or international conflict, ethnic tensions, vulnerability to natural disasters, or a confluence of these factors. ADB piloted the peacebuilding tool in Nepal as a conflict-sensitive approach, a key to effective and safe implementation of projects in the country's post-conflict context. The peacebuilding tool is an analytical tool for assisting project team leaders and social experts in understanding the local context, and in identifying potential risks to implementation of development projects that are linked to social conflicts, as well as in formulating mitigation measures for addressing these risks.
Download or read book Living and Working in Space written by William David Compton and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The official record of America's first space station, this book from the NASA History Series chronicles the Skylab program from its planning during the 1960s through its 1973 launch and 1979 conclusion. Definitive accounts examine the project's achievements as well as its use of discoveries and technology developed during the Apollo program. 1983 edition.
