Download or read book The Effect of Airline Alliances in Civil Aviation on Fair Competition written by Itumeleng Mogashoa and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the late 1990s, global network airlines have enrolled in one of the three existing global alliances (GAL) namely the Sky-Team, Star Alliance and Oneworld. By 2011, the airlines in the alliance dominated over two-thirds of all international traffic. This research seeks to examine the legal and economic analysis, and consequent interpretation of airline alliances within civil aviation and how this affects fair competition. The evolution of global airline alliances is characterised by the analysis of their size, as well as the volume of the partnership and code-share agreement between the alliances. The findings of this study indicate that the aviation international regulatory framework recognises that these principles have thus far been enacted and applied throughout the legal and/or regulatory instruments. However, with the ever-expanding commercial aviation industry, the desire for business growth and regulatory framework are not always aligned. Airline alliances have proved to be cost-effective and efficient and enabled passengers to reach their designation on schedule. Furthermore, they have also enhanced fair competition in the airline industry with the result that the market now operates more effectively. This research recommends that airline alliances should be allowed, but that competition regulatory authorities must be empowered to scrutinise them and closely monitor the conditions imposed on the alliance to ensure the protection of the smaller players in the industry and any anti-competitive effects mitigated adequately. The regulatory competition bodies should lay out policies and procedures encouraging fair competition in the industry by seeking to eliminate unfair and procedurally flawed barriers and consideration given to the fundamental benefits to be enjoyed by the businesses and stakeholders alike in the formation and existence of these alliances.
Download or read book Aviation competition effects on consumers from domestic airline alliances vary report to congressional requesters written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aviation Competition written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aviation Competition written by John Hamilton Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Competitive Implications of Domestic and International Alliances Among Airlines written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Aviation and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aviation Competition written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-03-14 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RCED-99-37 Aviation Competition: Effects on Consumers from Domestic Airline Alliances Vary
Download or read book Aviation Competitions written by Aaron Casey and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999-06-01 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the implications of three alliances formed in 1998 by the six largest U.S. airlines, which account for nearly 70% of domestic airline traffic -- Northwest and Continental, Delta and United, and American and US Airways -- to cooperate on some aspects of their business. Critics maintain that the alliances will decrease competition, ultimately reducing passengers' choices and increasing fares. This report: describes the status of each of the alliances, examines the potential beneficial and harmful effects on consumers, and examines the authority of the Dep't. of Justice and Transportation to review these alliances and the status of their reviews.
Download or read book International Aviation written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-10 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RCED-95-99 International Aviation: Airline Alliances Produce Benefits, but Effect on Competition Is Uncertain
Download or read book International Aviation Alliances written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust, Business Rights, and Competition and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Aviation written by United States Government Accountability and published by Scholar's Choice. This book was released on 2015-02-14 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book An Empirical Investigation of the Competitive Effects of Domestic Airline Alliances written by Gustavo Bamberger and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we investigate empirically the effect of two recent domestic airline alliances. We find that both alliances benefited consumers - average fares fell and total traffic increased after the creation of the alliances on those city pairs affected by the alliances. We also find that these effects are found both on city pairs where the alliance created one or two new online carriers, and on city pairs where the alliance increased the service offered by one or both alliance partners. Finally, we find that the size of the fare effect of the alliance depends on the pre-alliance level of competition on a city pair with the effect being larger on those city pairs where the level of competition was relatively low
Download or read book International Aviation written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aviation Competition Effects on Consumers from Domestic Airline Alliances Vary written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Aviation written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aviation Competition written by United States General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategic Airline Alliances and Restrictions of Competition by Object Under EU Competition Law written by Ádám Remetei-Filep and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, the question is asked whether, in the light of the 'more economic approach' adopted in recent years, it is correct to classify metal-neutral revenue-sharing airline alliances as restrictive of competition by object and interpret this concept in a wider sense under Article 101(1) TFEU. By relying on the example and analysis of airline alliances and in particular metal-neutral revenue-sharing alliances, the thesis argues that the 'orthodox' or wider interpretation of restriction by object is correct and, as such, does not contradict the idea behind the more economic approach of EU competition law. However, the analysis of restriction by object has to take into account the effects of Article 101 TFEU as a whole, including Article 101(3) TFEU. Therefore this wider interpretation of object restrictions must be complemented by a realistic application of Article 101(3) TFEU, in order to achieve the desired outcome of an administrable and efficient enforcement regime that minimises error costs. This is a legal thesis. It will review the EU competition law approach to airline alliances and use the example of airline alliances to explore the issue of restriction by object and its interaction with Article 101(3) TFEU. The thesis examines both from an economic and legal point of view all those aspects of strategic alliances, air transport and strategic airline alliances that are essential for a thorough understanding of their characteristics when analysed under Article 101(1) and 101(3) TFEU. The research question concentrates on the dichotomy of Article 101 TFEU, and it is concluded that the experience of the aviation industry supports the thesis.
Download or read book International Airline Alliances EC Competition Law US Antitrust Law and International Air Transport written by Angela Cheng-Jui Lu and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new study takes a keen look at the problems facing the international community due to conflicts arising from applications of varying competition laws by different competition authorities to international airline alliances. As a result of privatisation, deregulation, liberalisation and globalisation, international air carriers form alliances with one another in order to cope with growing competition in the international air transport market. This book clearly provides an introduction to the background to and origin of airline alliances, different models of alliances and the related anti-competitive practices resulting from existing international airline alliances. The potential anti-competitive practices resulting from these cross-border alliances trigger a great deal of concern from various competition authorities. Thus, this study goes on to provide a detailed analysis regarding the relevant EC competition law and US antitrust law and their applications to alliance activities. The comparison of different applications of EC competition law and US antitrust law to international airline alliances provides leading research results first-hand. In the conclusion, the essential elements regarding establishing a level playing field in the international air transport market are identified and the author provides possible solutions for the harmonisation of different applications of competition law to international airline alliances.
