Download or read book The Cost of Environmental Degradation written by Lelia Croitoru and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-07-16 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How much is a cleaner environment worth? For policy makers, that question used to go largely unanswered. Many economic activities cause environmental degradation, entailing real costs to the economy and to people's welfare. Knowing the extent of these costs is crucial for identifying a country's main environmental priorities and allocating appropriate funds for environmental protection. Over the past decade, the World Bank has initiated a systematic effort to measure the costs of environmental degradation in the Middle East and North Africa, shedding new light on their magnitude and on the need for policy changes. In many cases, these costs were found to be surprisingly large. 'The Cost of Environmental Degradation: Case Studies from the Middle East and North Africa' brings together the best case studies of this program and summarizes their policy impacts at the national and regional levels. The case studies quantify monetarily the annual damage due to environmental degradation and express these estimates as percentages of the countries' gross domestic product. The studies use the most recent environmental valuation methods to estimate the economic costs resulting from air pollution, water degradation, deforestation, and land degradation. Uniquely, the book dedicates a case study to value the costs of environmental degradation resulting from an oil spill and demolition waste in times of conflict. The studies then illuminate the concrete implications on policy, investments, and institutions for the respective nations. This book will be of interest to policy makers, nongovernmental organizations, and academic and research institutions.
Download or read book The Economics of Environmental Degradation written by Todor Panaĭotov and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cost of Air Pollution written by and published by Organization for Economic Co-Operation & Development. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outdoor air pollution kills more than 3 million people across the world every year, and causes health problems from asthma to heart disease for many more. This is costing societies very large amounts in terms of the value of lives lost and ill health. Based on extensive new epidemiological evidence since the 2010 Global Burden of Disease study, and OECD estimates of the Value of Statistical Life, this report provides evidence on the health impacts from air pollution and the related economic costs.
Download or read book Economic Costs and Consequences of Environmental Regulation written by Wayne B Gray and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2002. How expensive is environmental regulation and how does it affect the economy? A proper understanding of the costs imposed by environmental regulation is important for policy-makers and others concerned with regulatory design. This book focuses on empirical studies of the impact of environmental regulation on the economy, exposing the reader to a variety of estimation methodologies and datasets that have been used in this area. Three basic sources provide information on the costs of environmental regulation: surveys; engineering studies; and econometric analysis. This text draws on all three in its investigation.
Download or read book Theories and Approaches of Environmental Economics written by M.V. Joshi and published by Atlantic Publishers & Dist. This book was released on 2005 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With The Development Process, There Are Dangerous Risks To Future Well-Being Posed By Acid Rain, Ozone Depletion And Green-House Effects. The Time Has Come To Study Environmental Degradation, Its Causes, Effects And Remedies In The Economic Context. Environmental Economics Is Suitable Theoretical And Applied Platform For This.The Book Is Best Combination Of Theoretical Analysis Of Environmental Problems. Here The Meaning, Nature, Scope And Importance Of Environmental Economics Are Analyzed. The Various Theories Of Sustainable Development And Environmental Impact Assessment Are Reviewed. An Attempt Has Been Made To Examine The Role Of State And Market In The Context Of Environment To Analyze The Pollution Theories And Problems, Environment And Development, Environmental Industrial Management And Culture And Environment Etc.This Book Will Very Useful To Environmental Researchers, Theorists, Students, Teachers And Environmental Institutions. This Will Guide To Policy-Makers And Environmental Reformers, Organizers Etc.
Download or read book Costs of Inaction on Key Environmental Challenges written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-09-19 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides introductory perspectives on the costs of inaction on key environmental challenges and discusses some of the future problems likely to be encountered in this very complex area.
Download or read book The Cost of Environmental Degradation in the Middle East and North Africa written by Lelia Croitoru and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Pollution Raises written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why countries need to pollute environment to develop economy, such a need for industrialization related environmental degradation in the course of economic development. A country needs and chooses to achieve industry production it can raise technological advancement and adopt technologies, which are substantially less polluting than the technologies used by countries which industry in the past. The environmental development trade off might have existed historically. But it is not bad to developing countries to scarce environment quality for industry development. Nowadays, different countries' governments need to concern how to reduce environmental pollution and to raise economic growth at the same time. In fact, human are facing these challenges, such as energy crisis is from 1970 year is precipitated by oil price jumps, market failure in allocation of environmental resources. At the same time, human are also facing economic development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet our own needs. Due to natural resource is limited to be supplied in the future, industry needs manufactured, human and natural is left undiminished, so this needs restricting consumption to save natural resources for asset creation and conservation and protection of the natural environment. Efforts and indicators for monitoring sustainability indicates the environmentally adjusted national income or Green Domestic Product (GNP)=NDP less depletion of natural capital-environmental damage and green national accounts indicates degradation of environmental capital is like depreciation of man -made capital. Hence, it implies environmental pollution is a damage cost to any countries. Hence, if the country can reduce or avoid the environmental pollution, then its environmental damage cost will not influence its GDP (Green Domestic Product) income amount indicator to be reduced for the country's national income in the year. Then, it's economic growth will be better in the year. Due to GDP is the country whole year income financial performance indicator. It will concern the country's economic growth level in the year.Environmental pollution is an important issue in the process of economic growth. Instance, China has obtained remarkable economic growth with an average annual growth rate of 9.6% in gross domestic product (GDP) from 1979 year to 2004 year. Despite the impressive economic performance, the environment qualities have become worse during the past two decades. China government began to concern about to following these questions: will the high economic growth be able to sustain within environmental constraints or without exceeding ecological system? What is the effect of economic growth on environment quality? Are there any tradeoff between attaining high economic growth and protecting environment? And will the environment conditions become improved automatically at higher income level? What should the government do to the environmental degradation? When environmental sustainability, due to the increasing scarcity or overuse of renewable natural resources, arisen non renewable commodities, such as fossil fuels or industrial metals which cause problems, such as water and air pollution, atmosphere or the ozone layer. Thus these bad happening(result) have cause-effect relationship between pollution and public health.
Download or read book Environmental Pollution and Economic Cost Relationship written by Johnny Ch LOK and published by . This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In General, the economy growth is always the attention focal point to every country. The economy growth impacts the protecting environment, on the contrary, the protecting environment also impacts the economy growth whether the environment is a factor considering the economic growth. In fact, environment not only provides the substance foundation and activity space for human, but also is responsible for production. Economic development not only enhances the integration national power and improves the people's life quality, but brings number of environmental problems, soil degradation, desertification etc. Concerning how to reduce environment pollution and to raise economic growth at the same time. I shall have these questions to be needed to answer in order to give suggestion to solve this challenge. These questions are such as below:⦁Whether does economic growth affect the environment?⦁On the contrary, whether also does the protecting environment affect the growth economy?⦁Whether is protecting economy and protecting environment a pair of contradiction or not what creates the environment problem?⦁Is economic development incompatible with environmental quality?⦁What is the effect of an increase in employment or wages on the environment in a particular industry?⦁How do environmental conditions or regulations influence firm location and expansion decisions and thus economic growth in a community?However, I feel that poverty is another factor to cause environmental pollution. Instead of factory manufacturing industry, such as India has many poor people neglect to keep natural river, ocean, hill, farming, and any public places environment to be clean and not direct to use these natural places. Solving this problem is that developing countries' economy how to increase economy under the protecting environment. Analyzing poverty and environmental pollution relationship is the focal point. We need to concern problem formulation, such as what the conflict is between developing economic and protecting environment. For example, the problem is concerned the traffic point problem, such as the environment impact of transportation has now become a global issue. Otherwise, environment impacts from transportation in the developed world are now equalized or exceeded by those in developing countries. It is given the relatively high level of car ownership and use in developing countries, such as developed country Hong Kong, which is a small Asia city, but there are many Hong Kong people who like to buy cars to drive to go to office on the roads every day. Hence, it causes much traffic jam transportation problems to Hong Kong roads every day. Otherwise, developing country, Africa. Because people are poor commonly, so there are less many own cars. The air pollution will be reduced also. However, Hong Kong has higher level of pollution to have a negative impact on employment growth due to the following reasons:
Download or read book The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-06-09 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the economic consequences of outdoor air pollution in the coming decades, focusing on the impacts on mortality, morbidity, and changes in crop yields as caused by high concentrations of pollutants.
Download or read book Economics of Land Degradation and Improvement A Global Assessment for Sustainable Development written by Ephraim Nkonya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-11 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with land degradation, which is occurring in almost all terrestrial biomes and agro-ecologies, in both low and high income countries and is stretching to about 30% of the total global land area. About three billion people reside in these degraded lands. However, the impact of land degradation is especially severe on livelihoods of the poor who heavily depend on natural resources. The annual global cost of land degradation due to land use and cover change (LUCC) and lower cropland and rangeland productivity is estimated to be about 300 billion USD. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) accounts for the largest share (22%) of the total global cost of land degradation. Only about 38% of the cost of land degradation due to LUCC - which accounts for 78% of the US$300 billion loss – is borne by land users and the remaining share (62%) is borne by consumers of ecosystem services off the farm. The results in this volume indicate that reversing land degradation trends makes both economic sense, and has multiple social and environmental benefits. On average, one US dollar investment into restoration of degraded land returns five US dollars. The findings of the country case studies call for increased investments into the rehabilitation and restoration of degraded lands, including through such institutional and policy measures as strengthening community participation for sustainable land management, enhancing government effectiveness and rule of law, improving access to markets and rural services, and securing land tenure. The assessment in this volume has been conducted at a time when there is an elevated interest in private land investments and when global efforts to achieve sustainable development objectives have intensified. In this regard, the results of this volume can contribute significantly to the ongoing policy debate and efforts to design strategies for achieving sustainable development goals and related efforts to address land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.
Download or read book Economics and the Global Environment written by Charles S. Pearson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-10-09 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economics and the Global Environment is a path-breaking, comprehensive analysis of how economic and environmental systems mesh in the international context. The book investigates if and how environmental resources, such as global climate, genetic diversity, and transboundary pollution can be managed in an international system of sovereign states without a Global Environment Protection Agency. It also considers traditional international economics - theory and policy - and explores how they can be expanded to accommodate environmental values. Until recently, trade theory and trade policy neglected pollution and environmental degradation. This situation has changed dramatically, and the controversial and corrosive issues of trade and the environment are here given careful analysis. These topics are enriched by a concise presentation of the principles of environmental economics, and a thoughtful treatment of sustainable development. The book will appeal to students and practitioners of trade and development, as well as the environmental community.
Download or read book Economic Analysis of Environmental Impacts written by John Dixon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and updated guide to the environmental economics of development projects demonstrates how the environmental impacts of projects can be translated into monetary values. The theoretical bases are examined, and the techniques themselves given detailed exposition, supported by extensive case studies illustrating a wide range of applications. The text should become a useful complement to all standard forms of project analysis.
Download or read book Acid Rain and Environmental Degradation written by Ger Klaassen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acid Rain and Environmental Degradation is a succinct yet comprehensive survey of emission trading - a significant research and policy field of increasing importance for both Europe and the USA. Against the background of environmental policy instruments in general, Dr Klaassen presents a state-of-the-art survey of both the theory and actual applications of tradable permits. This survey also analyses international theory and experience. Later chapters examine the European acid rain issue and discuss how it can be addressed by means of tradable permits with particular relevance to sulphur emissions. Acid Rain and Environmental Degradation responds to current European policy discussions to apply emission trading on a continental scale. Because of its unique blend of theory and practice, this volume not only sets the tone for future discussions in Europe on transboundary pollution control, but also offers something for the academic economist, the environmentalist and the policymaker.
Download or read book The Economics of Environmental Degradation written by Timothy M. Swanson and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides an institutional economics approach to analyzing the underlying causes of continuing environmental degradation - poverty, population, poor policies and trade. A survey of recent literature is followed by a consideration of whether there is a deeper explanation.
Download or read book Dimensions of Environmental and Ecological Economics written by Nirmal Chandra Sahu and published by Universities Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Besides Covering The Paradigamatic Bases Of Environmental, Ecological And Natural Resource Economics, This Book Discusses The Economic Dimensions Of And Approaches To Pollution, Environmental And Ecosystem Management, Biodiversity, Global Warming, Energy And Resource Use, And Sustainable Development.
Download or read book Environmental Economics For Non economists Techniques And Policies For Sustainable Development 2nd Edition written by John Asafu-adjaye and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2005-02-03 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental economics, which used to be on the periphery of the economics discipline, is fast becoming mainstream as concern for the environment grows. Practitioners in other disciplines (e.g. engineering, science, natural resource management, social sciences) are increasingly faced with environmental problems that have an economic component. This invaluable book fills an important gap in the literature by teaching both economists and non-economists how to use economic tools to address environmental problems.The book is divided into three parts. Part I introduces theoretical concepts, including chapters on ecological economics and basic microeconomics for the non-specialist. Part II introduces tools for environmental policy analysis, while Part III discusses global environmental issues. The material is presented in an engaging manner with extensive use of graphs and diagrams to explain the key concepts. Exercises and an extensive bibliography are provided at the end of each chapter.
