Download or read book The Ecological Impacts of the Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus Planipennis written by Constance Elizabeth Hausman and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of exotic species is the inevitable consequence of an expanding global society that relies heavily on international trade of goods and services. These introduced species have negative effects on biodiversity and disrupt native communities. In fact, the spread of non-native species is the second greatest threat to the loss of biodiversity next to habitat destruction. The emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Buprestidae), is a recent example of an exotic forest pest species. EAB completes its life cycle on ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) including larvae feeding on cambium tissue which interferes with water and nutrient translocation. Once ash trees become infested with EAB, mortality is>99%. This dissertation was initiated after EAB was discovered and attempts to understand how EAB affects long-term forest community dynamics in order to provide practical applied conservation strategies. These research projects are designed to identify the ecological impacts of EAB and to determine long-term community changes to native deciduous forests. The research objectives are: (1) to identify consequences of EAB eradication efforts, (2) to determine altered community composition under different disturbance intensities (tree removal management recommendations) and (3) to design effective ex situ conservation protocols for future ash tree preservation. EAB causes a disturbance to native forest by creating large light gaps through ash tree dieback; yet, EAB eradication efforts magnified the scale of disturbance through time and space which facilitated the establishment of invasive plant species. The tracked vehicles used during eradication also caused significant soil compaction. Management efforts applied to EAB-infested forests should prioritize appropriate tree removal techniques to minimize the disturbance to the surrounding community. Ash stands in close proximity to roads or edges, or near established invasive populations may benefit from proactive removal of invasive species. This research contributes to ash conservation efforts by providing a guideline for ex situ collection methods. By understanding diversity and spatial genetic structure of green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), a seed collection protocol has been constructed that optimizes the likelihood of capturing all alleles in a population while minimizing collection efforts. This cumulative research provides effective forest management recommendations and prioritizes ash conservation.
Download or read book Understanding and Managing Emerald Ash Borer Impacts on Ash Forests written by Randall Kolka and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emerald ash borer (EAB) is rapidly spreading throughout Eastern North America and devastating ecosystems where ash is a component tree. This rapid and sustained loss of ash trees has already resulted in ecological impacts on both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and is projected to be even more severe as EAB invades ash dominated wetlands of the western Great Lakes region. We propose a Special Issue that will address current research documenting ecological impacts of EAB in forest ecosystems, as well as management approaches to mitigate those impacts. Prospective authors are invited to contribute original researches to this Special Issue of Forests. Topics may include, but are not limited to: Managements of ash forests and potential replacements, nutrient and vegetation dynamics, greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration and cycling, hydrologic impacts, and pre or post-infestation silvicultural approaches or management strategies.
Download or read book Understanding and Managing Emerald Ash Borer Impacts on Ash Forests written by Randall K. Kolka and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-10-12 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Understanding and Managing Emerald Ash Borer Impacts on Ash Forests" that was published in Forests
Download or read book Environmental ScienceBites written by Kylienne A. Clark and published by The Ohio State University. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was written by undergraduate students at The Ohio State University (OSU) who were enrolled in the class Introduction to Environmental Science. The chapters describe some of Earth's major environmental challenges and discuss ways that humans are using cutting-edge science and engineering to provide sustainable solutions to these problems. Topics are as diverse as the students, who represent virtually every department, school and college at OSU. The environmental issue that is described in each chapter is particularly important to the author, who hopes that their story will serve as inspiration to protect Earth for all life.
Download or read book The Green Menace written by Jordan D. Marché (II) and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes the scientific and social responses made to discovery of the emerald ash borer (EAB) in North America. That beetle has become one of the most destructive and costly exotic species ever encountered. This work covers all major aspects of scientific research and management efforts related to it.
Download or read book Short and Long Term Impacts of Forest Management in Response to the Invasive Emerald Ash Borer in New England Forests written by Hanusia Higgins and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As non-native forest pests disperse across the United States, the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (EAB), has emerged as one of the most costly and destructive invaders. In response to EAB, forest management practices, including pre-salvage logging, "phloem reduction" (large ash removal), and strategies to improve future ash regeneration, have been implemented to meet economic, ecological, cultural, and safety objectives. Although many studies have quantified the impacts of EAB on mortality of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.), less is known about the short- and long-term ecological impacts of forest management in response to this pest. In summer 2020, we measured forest structure and composition at sites across New England that included white ash harvests motivated by the threat of EAB impacts. Management responses varied from selective ash removals to capture potential economic losses to group selection harvests designed to recruit new ash cohorts. Informed by our findings, we modeled three approaches to ash management under three potential future climate regimes, along with EAB and natural wind disturbance for a 100-year period in northern Bennington County, Vermont. This dual approach allowed us to examine both the immediate aftermath of forest management responses to EAB, and the future outcomes of these management practices on ash trees and their natural communities, in the context of other important drivers of forest dynamics such as climate change. In our observational study, we found a lower proportion of white ash basal area in harvested study sites compared to unharvested control sites. However, white ash regeneration at the seedling and sapling stages was higher in harvested than in unharvested plots. In addition, our modeling of ash management practices projected more white and black ash biomass present in 2120 forests when harvests and chemical treatments prioritizing ash retention and regeneration were implemented compared to typical current practices, and less ash biomass in 2120 following more aggressive salvage and pre-salvage harvests removing white ash. Climate also played a significant role in next-century forest composition, as more drastic climate projections compared to current conditions favored warmer-adapted species in the region. Our findings indicate that forest management practices that align with ash species' silvics, such as the greater light availability needed to successfully recruit new white ash cohorts, can bolster ash regeneration and perpetual presence in New England forests. Although EAB remains a significant threat, our work confirms the importance of implementing a variety of management approaches, supported by recent findings that ash survival and resistance to EAB is more prevalent, and more variable, than previously thought. This work will help inform future management decisions in response to this invasive pest that ensure long-term ecological and economic options are maintained on site.
Download or read book Low Temperature Biology of Insects written by David L. Denlinger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low temperature is a major environmental constraint impacting the geographic distribution and seasonal activity patterns of insects. Written for academic researchers in environmental physiology and entomology, this book explores the physiological and molecular mechanisms that enable insects to cope with a cold environment and places these findings into an evolutionary and ecological context. An introductory chapter provides a primer on insect cold tolerance and subsequent chapters in the first section discuss the organismal, cellular and molecular responses that allow insects to survive in the cold despite their, at best, limited ability to regulate their own body temperature. The second section, highlighting the evolutionary and macrophysiological responses to low temperature, is especially relevant for understanding the impact of global climate change on insect systems. A final section translates the knowledge gained from the rest of the book into practical applications including cryopreservation and the augmentation of pest management strategies.
Download or read book Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States written by Therese M. Poland and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.
Download or read book Riparian Forest Canopy and Soil Nutrient Cycling Responses to the Loss of Ash Fraxinus Spp L from Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus Planipennis Fairmaire Infestations in Southern Ontario written by David Dutkiewicz and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines the ecological impacts of an emerald ash borer (EAB) infestation on riparian forest habitats in Southern Ontario. From 2010 to 2015 there was 100% mortality of white, green, and black ash the study plots, and 33% mortality of blue ash. EAB caused about a 1.5-fold increase in overall openness of the riparian forest canopy, and significantly reduced the deposition of ash leaf litter. Ash regeneration displayed a negative relationship with ash tree density; this was attributed to greater competition by herbaceous vegetation that flourished in gaps created by dead ash. Analysis of forest canopy gaps (CG plots) created by dead ash in riparian forest plots and nearby closed canopy areas (CC plots) was conducted in newly infested areas (1-3 yrs; n=9) and old infestation areas (8-10 yrs; n=5). Nutrients of both litterfall flux and soil did not vary significantly between CG and CC plots. However, N concentration of soil solution was elevated in the CG plots of the new infestation and reduced in the old infestation. Herbaceous vegetation biomass in CG canopy sites at the older infestation was about 10 times higher than CC sites, and about 6 times higher in the new infestation. Collectively, my results indicate that effects of EAB on riparian canopy structure, ash leaf litter, and herbaceous vegetation biomass are substantial. However, the effects of EAB on biogeochemical cycles (N and C flux) in soil and soil water nutrients are undermined.
Download or read book Environmental Pest Management written by Moshe Coll and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-07-27 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide-ranging, interdisciplinary exploration of key topics that interrelate pest management, public health and the environment This book takes a unique, multidimensional approach to addressing the complex issues surrounding pest management activities and their impacts on the environment and human health, and environmental effects on plant protection practices. It features contributions by a distinguished group of authors from ten countries, representing an array of disciplines. They include plant protection scientists and officers, economists, agronomists, ecologists, environmental and public health scientists and government policymakers. Over the course of eighteen chapters, those experts share their insights into and analyses of an array of issues of vital concern to everyone with a professional interest in this important subject. The adverse effects of pest control have become a subject of great concern worldwide, and researchers and enlightened policymakers have at last begun to appreciate the impact of environmental factors on our ability to manage pest populations. Moreover, while issues such as pesticide toxicity have dominated the global conversation about pest management, economic and societal considerations have been largely neglected. Environmental Pest Management: Challenges for Agronomists, Ecologists, Economists and Policymakers is the first work to provide in-depth coverage of all of these pressing issues between the covers of one book. Offers a unique multi-dimensional perspective on the complex issues surrounding pest management activities and their effect on the environment and human health Addresses growing concerns about specific pest management strategies, including the use of transgenic crops and biological controls Analyses the influence of global processes, such as climate change, biological invasions and shifts in consumer demand, and ecosystem services and disservices on pest suppression efforts Explores public health concerns regarding biodiversity, pesticide use and food safety Identifies key economic drivers of pest suppression research, strategies and technologies Proposes new regulatory approaches to create sustainable and viable crop protection systems in the framework of agro-environmental schemes Offering a timely and comprehensively-unique treatment of pest management and its environmental impacts in a single, inter-disciplinary volume, this book is a valuable resource for scientists in an array of disciplines, as well as government officials and policymakers. Also, teachers of undergraduate and graduate level courses in a variety of fields are sure to find it a highly useful teaching resource.
Download or read book Biological Invasions written by Wolfgang Nentwig and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-13 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume on Biological Invasions deals with both plants and animals, differing from previous books by extending from the level of individual species to an ecosystem and global level. Topics of highest societal relevance, such as the impact of genetically modified organisms, are interlinked with more conventional ecological aspects, including biodiversity. The combination of these approaches is new and makes compelling reading for researchers and environmentalists.
Download or read book Effects of Sugar Resources on Longevity of Two Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus Planipennis Parasitoids written by Dana M. Brennan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Emerald Ash Borer written by Susan H. Gray and published by Cherry Lake. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerald Ash Borers have shiny green bodies and an appetite for ash trees. This native Asian insect hitchhiked to North America and has killed millions of ash trees. Learn more about the emerald ash borer and what is being done to try to stop its spread.
Download or read book Direct and Indirect Impacts of Emerald Ash Borer on Forest Bird Communities written by Lawrence Charles Long and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennis Fairmare) is an exotic invader in North American forests. The buprestid wood borer has killed millions of ash trees since its discovery in southeastern Michigan in 2002. Because North American ash trees lack an evolutionary history with EAB, it has the potential to functionally extirpate the genus Fraxinus from the North American continent. Widespread, simultaneous ash mortality is likely to initiate a cascade of direct and indirect ecological effects. Forest infestation by EAB and subsequent loss of ash trees may lead to altered habitat and food availability for native insectivores such as birds. The objectives of this research were to: (1) determine utilization of EAB as a food resource by non-migratory bark-gleaning birds, (2) quantify forest regeneration in response to EAB-induced ash tree mortality and (3) determine the impact of EAB-induced regeneration on forest bird communities.
Download or read book Workshop Proceedings written by D. B. Lyons and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bark and Wood Boring Insects in Living Trees in Europe a Synthesis written by François Lieutier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-24 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the first time, a synthesis on the research work done in Europe on all Bark And Wood Boring Insects In Living Trees (BAWBILT) is presented. As final product of a four-year research project gathering together 100 scientists from 24 countries, the book is the fruit of a real collective synthesis in which all European specialists have participated. It reviews and comments on all the European literature, while considering the biological (trees, insects, associated organisms, and their relationships) and forest management aspects. However, although focused on the European forest, it also compares the available information and interpretations to those concerning similar species in other continents. It ends with propositions of research priorities for Europe. The book is directed to all scientists and students concerned with forest entomology and ecology, as well as to forest managers and all scientific public interested in forest biology.
Download or read book Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-12-04 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York City's municipal water supply system provides about 1 billion gallons of drinking water a day to over 8.5 million people in New York City and about 1 million people living in nearby Westchester, Putnam, Ulster, and Orange counties. The combined water supply system includes 19 reservoirs and three controlled lakes with a total storage capacity of approximately 580 billion gallons. The city's Watershed Protection Program is intended to maintain and enhance the high quality of these surface water sources. Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program assesses the efficacy and future of New York City's watershed management activities. The report identifies program areas that may require future change or action, including continued efforts to address turbidity and responding to changes in reservoir water quality as a result of climate change.
