Download or read book The Downward Trend in Sulfur Dioxide Emissions at Coal fired Electric Utilities written by National Coal Association and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reduction in Sulfur Dioxide Emissions at Coal Fired Electric Utilities written by National Coal Association and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sulfur Dioxide Control by Electric Utilities written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate of Capitulation written by Vivian E. Thomson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-04-14 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How power is wielded in environmental policy making at the state level, and how to redress the ingrained favoritism toward coal and electric utilities. The United States has pledged to the world community a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 26–28 percent below 2005 levels in 2025. Because much of this reduction must come from electric utilities, especially coal-fired power plants, coal states will make or break the U.S. commitment to emissions reduction. In Climate of Capitulation, Vivian Thomson offers an insider's account of how power is wielded in environmental policy making at the state level. Thomson, a former member of Virginia's State Air Pollution Control Board, identifies a “climate of capitulation” in state government—a deeply rooted favoritism toward coal and electric utilities in states' air pollution policies. Thomson narrates three cases involving coal and air pollution from her time on the Air Board. She illuminates the overt and covert power struggles surrounding air pollution limits for a coal-fired power plant just across the Potomac from Washington, for a controversial new coal-fired electrical generation plant in coal country, and for coal dust pollution from truck traffic in a country hollow. Thomson links Virginia's climate of capitulation with campaign donations that make legislators politically indebted to coal and electric utility interests, a traditionalistic political culture tending to inertia, and a part-time legislature that depended on outside groups for information and bill drafting. Extending her analysis to fifteen other coal-dependent states, Thomson offers policy reforms aimed at mitigating the ingrained biases toward coal and electric utilities in states' air pollution policy making.
Download or read book Sulfur Dioxide Control by Electric Utilities written by Curtis Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Title IV of the 1990 U.S. Clean Air Act Amendments offers firms facing high marginal costs for pollution abatement the chance to purchase the right to emit sulfur dioxide from firms with lower costs. In the long run such allowance trading may achieve substantial cost savings over an quot;enlightenedquot; command and control program with a uniform emission-rate standard. But in the short run what has lowered costs is technical change and the fall in low-sulfur coal prices.Title IV of the 1990 U.S. Clean Air Act Amendments established a market for transferable sulfur dioxide emission allowances among electric utilities. The market offers firms facing high marginal costs for pollution abatement the opportunity to purchase the right to emit sulfur dioxide from firms with lower costs. It is expected to yield more cost savings than a command and control approach to environmental regulation.To evaluate the performance of the market for sulfur dioxide allowances, Carlson, Burtraw, Cropper, and Palmer use econometrically estimated marginal abatement cost functions for power plants affected by Title IV. They investigate whether the much-heralded fall in the cost of abating sulfur dioxide can be attributed to allowance trading.They find that for plants that use low-sulfur coal to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions, technical change and the fall in low-sulfur coal prices have lowered marginal abatement cost curves by more than half since 1985. And that is the main source of cost reductions rather than trading allowances per se.In the long run, allowance trading may achieve cost savings of $700 million to $800 million a year more than could be expected from an quot;enlightenedquot; command and control program with a uniform emission-rate standard. But comparing potential cost savings in 1995 and 1996 with actual emissions costs suggests that most trading gains were unrealized in the first two years of the program.This paper-a product of Environment and Infrastructure, Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to examine the successes and failures of environmental regulation as a guide to formulating environmental policy. Maureen Cropper may be contacted at [email protected].
Download or read book Sulfur Dioxide Control by Electric Utilities written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) established a market for transferable sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission allowances among electric utilities. This market offers firms facing high marginal abatement costs the opportunity to purchase the right to emit SO2 from firms with lower costs, and is expected to yield cost savings compared to a command and control approach to environmental regulation. This paper uses econometrically estimated marginal abatement cost functions for power plants affected by Title IV of the CAAA to evaluate the performance of the SO2 allowance market. Specifically, we investigate whether the much-heralded fall in the cost of abating SO2, compared to original estimates, can be attributed to allowance trading. We demonstrate that, for plants using low-sulfur coal to reduce SO2 emissions, technical changes and the fall in low-sulfur coal prices have lowered marginal abatement cost curves by over 50% since 1985. The flexibility to take advantage of these changes is the main source of cost reductions, rather than trading per se. In the long run, allowance trading may achieve cost savings of $700-$800 million per year compared to an "enlightened" command and control program characterized by a uniform emission rate standard. The cost savings would be twice as great if the alternative to trading were forced scrubbing. However, a comparison of potential cost savings in 1995 and 1996 with actual emissions costs suggests that most trading gains were unrealized in the first two years of the program."--Abstract.
Download or read book Comparison of Electric Utility Coal fired Sulfur Dioxide Emission Forecasts by EPA and NCA written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preliminary Review of Historical and EPA Forecasts of Utility Coal Plant Sulfur Dioxide Emission Trends 1980 1990 and a Comparison with the National Coal Association s Estimated Emission Trends written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coal written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-06-13 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) was given a mandate in the 1992 Energy Policy Act (EPACT) to pursue strategies in coal technology that promote a more competitive economy, a cleaner environment, and increased energy security. Coal evaluates DOE's performance and recommends priorities in updating its coal program and responding to EPACT. This volume provides a picture of likely future coal use and associated technology requirements through the year 2040. Based on near-, mid-, and long-term scenarios, the committee presents a framework for DOE to use in identifying R&D strategies and in making detailed assessments of specific programs. Coal offers an overview of coal-related programs and recent budget trends and explores principal issues in future U.S. and foreign coal use. The volume evaluates DOE Fossil Energy R&D programs in such key areas as electric power generation and conversion of coal to clean fuels. Coal will be important to energy policymakers, executives in the power industry and related trade associations, environmental organizations, and researchers.
Download or read book Interim Assessment the Causes and Effects of Acidic Deposition written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interim Assessment Emissions and control written by National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interim Assessment written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Carbon Footprints written by Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-09-20 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Carbon Footprints: Industrial Case Studies provides a wide range of industrial case-studies, beginning with textiles, energy systems and bio-fuels. Each footprint is associated with background information, scientific consensus and the reason behind its invention, methodological framework, assessment checklist, calculation tool/technique, applications, challenges and limitations. More importantly, applications of each indicator/framework in various industrial sectors and their associated challenges are presented. As case studies are the most flexible of all research designs, this book allows researchers to retain the holistic characteristics of real-life events while investigating empirical events. Includes case studies from various industries, such as textiles, energy systems and conventional and bio-fuels Provides the calculation tool/technique, applications, challenges and limitations for determining carbon footprints on an industry by industry basis Presents the background information, scientific consensus and reason behind each case study
Download or read book Clean Coal Technologies written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Energy and Power and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The New Clean Air Act written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coal Industry Annual written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acid Deposition Control Act of 1987 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
