Download or read book The Doha Agreement for Lebanon written by Natalie Züfle and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-10-11 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 1,4, Free University of Berlin (Center for Global Politics), course: International Negotiation, language: English, abstract: A serious political crisis almost led to another civil war in Lebanon. Thanks to Qatar’s mediating efforts, a workable solution to the problems was achieved, resulting in the Doha-Agreement. The talks were examined along various concepts of negotiations theory. Negotiations with Lebanese are a vivid evidence how complicated such a process might be. Last but not least, each bargaining situation is unique and doesn’t necessarily apply to any general theories, but rather to a good mix of all.
Download or read book The Doha Agreement for Lebanon written by Natalie Züfle and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-10 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 1,4, Free University of Berlin (Center for Global Politics), course: International Negotiation, language: English, abstract: A serious political crisis almost led to another civil war in Lebanon. Thanks to Qatar's mediating efforts, a workable solution to the problems was achieved, resulting in the Doha-Agreement. The talks were examined along various concepts of negotiations theory. Negotiations with Lebanese are a vivid evidence how complicated such a process might be. Last but not least, each bargaining situation is unique and doesn't necessarily apply to any general theories, but rather to a good mix of all.
Download or read book Lebanon written by Casey L. Addis and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Contents: (1) Recent Developments: Parliamentary Elections 2009; Lebanon and Israel; Cluster-Bomb Coordinates; Arrests of Alleged Israeli Intelligence Agents; Hariri Tribunal; (2) U.S. Policy Toward Lebanon; (3) Political Profile: Demography; Civil War, Occupation, and Taif Reform; Syrian and Israeli Incursions; Taif Agreement; Syrian Withdrawal and Parliamentary Elections of 2005; U.N. Resolutions and the Tribunal; Sectarianism and Stability; Political Stalemate; Renewed Sectarian Violence; Doha Agreement; Unity Gov¿t.; (4) Current Issues in U.S.-Lebanon Relations: Confronting Hezbollah; Hezbollah¿s Al Manar TV; Lebanon-Syria Relations; The Shib¿a Farms; Extremist Groups in Lebanon; The Lebanese Armed Forces; (5) U.S. Assistance.
Download or read book A History of Turmoil a Study of Lebanon s Recent Past Up to the Failure of the Doha Agreement written by Imad MELHEM and published by . This book was released on 2017-05-19 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanon has been torn by sectarian strife for years now. The most recent attempt to end the violence there is the Doha Agreement, into which the various factions in Lebanon entered in 2008. This agreement tried to provide greater political representation for some of the minority religions and ethnic groups in the nation. Despite high hopes for peace and stability, as many recent events have shown, the agreement has not ended the violence. We today still observe many destructive actions in and around Lebanon, such as border disputes and assassinations, again and again threatening total governmental collapse. The failure of the Doha Agreement could have been predicted. We will here examine what it is about Lebanon's unique situation that seems to preclude long-term peace and stability. Lebanon has been plagued with a tradition of sectarian violence which seems to have become culturally embedded. Because Lebanon lacks an overriding national identity, ethnic and religious groups strive against one another for control of the country, and there is no unity. We shall investigate the Lebanese tradition of sectarian violence throughout its divisive history, as well as the cultural conflicts that underlie this tradition of violence both within Lebanon and from outside forces, such as Syria (directly and through Hezbollah) and Iran. We will also consider economic and technological inequities and the lack of equal political representation. These issues all together underlie Lebanon's inability to unify into one functioning nation. Because of this disunity, the Doha Agreement has now failed, and it is likely that Lebanon's long tradition of sectarian violence will continue and perhaps worsen. Many people have given generously of their time and expertise in the realization of this study. I would like to thank some of them here. First of all, I will extend my hearty gratitude to the Mentor and Readers of my 2012 dissertation, *********Dan Cowden, **********Khalil Habib, **********Symeon Giannakos, as well as my fellow students and faculty at Salve Regina University, who have generously shared their wide range of knowledge to enhance this work. I would also like to express my thanks to those professionals in Lebanon who have contributed positively to my work, primarily at the Balamand University Library. Their assistance with my research and their aid in translating (special thanks to Ms. Susan Hannouf in this area) have been invaluable. I wish also to express my thanks for Dr. Paula Zeuge for her patient and meticulous assistance with the organization of this document. Particularly, I want to thank my family: my mother and father and my brother Jacob, for helping to make a dream come true. Any errors or inaccuracies found in this book are entirely my responsibility and not that of any of the many hands that so willingly helped make it possible. In recognition of the incredibly rapid changes and disturbing events that have been unfolding since the publication of my dissertation in early 2012.
Download or read book Discussion of the Syrian sponsored Peace Agreement for Lebanon written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book White Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Government and Politics of Lebanon written by Imad Salamey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aiming to contribute to the reader’s greater understanding of Lebanese government and politics, this book provides a comprehensive examination of the origin, development, and institutionalization of sectarian consociationalism in Lebanon. A recurrent proposition advanced in this book is that Lebanese sectarian consociationalism has been both a cure and a curse in the formulation of political settlements and institution building. On the one hand, and in contrast to many surrounding Arab regimes, consociational arrangements have provided the country with a relative democratic political life. A limited government with a strong confessional division of power and a built-in checks and balance mechanism prevented the emergence of dictatorship or monarchy. On the other hand, a chronic weak state has complicated efforts for nation building in favour of sectarian fragmentation, external interventions, and strong polarization that periodically brought the country to the verge of total collapse and civil war. While examining Lebanese sectarian politics of conflict and concession during different historic junctures many revelations are made that underlie the role of domestic and international forces shaping the country’s future. Presenting an implicit description of the power and functions of the various branches of government within the context of sectarian consociationalism, this book is an important introductory text for students of Lebanese Politics and Middle Eastern politics more broadly.
Download or read book Lebanon after the Syrian Withdrawal written by Ohannes Geukjian and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-11-10 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanon experienced serious instability and ethno-national conflict following the Syrian withdrawal in 2005, compounded by the Arab Spring, which led to regional instability and civil war in Iraq and Syria. Why did consociational democracy fail? Was failure inevitable? What impact could external powers play in creating an environment where consociationalism might be successfully implemented? This book addresses these key questions and provides a comprehensive analysis of how internal and external elite relations influence the chances of a successful regulation of ethno-national conflict through power-sharing. Exploring the roles played by Syria, Qatar, Iran, Saudi Arabia, the United States and France, it argues that external actors in the Lebanese conflict largely determined whether power-sharing was successfully established and shows that the consociational democratic model cannot provide long-term conflict regulation in their absence. The author argues that relationships between internal and external actors determine the prospects for successful conflict regulation and pinpoints the crucial role of the external forces in the creation of power-sharing agreements in Lebanon concluding that future success is dependent on the maintenance of positive, exogenous pressures. This book will be of key interest to students and scholars studying politics, international relations, and Middle East studies.
Download or read book Salafism in Lebanon written by Robert Rabil and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-24 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salafism, comprised of fundamentalist Islamic movements whose adherents consider themselves the only “saved” sect of Islam, has been little studied, remains shrouded in misconceptions, and has provoked new interest as Salafists have recently staked a claim to power in some Arab states while spearheading battles against “infidel” Arab regimes during recent rebellions in the Arab world. Robert G. Rabil examines the emergence and development of Salafism into a prominent religious movement in Lebanon, including the ideological and sociopolitical foundation that led to the three different schools of Salafism in Lebanon: quietist Salafists, Haraki (active) Salafists; and Salafi Jihadists. Emphasizing their manhaj (methodology) toward politics, the author surveys Salafists’ ideological transformation from opponents to supporters of political engagement. Their antagonism to Hezbollah, which they denounce as the party of Satan, has risen exponentially following the party’s seizure of Beirut in 2008 and support of the tyrannical Syrian regime. Salafism in Lebanon also demonstrates how activists and jihadi Salafists, in response to the political weakness of Sunni leadership, have threatened regional and international security by endorsing violence and jihad. Drawing on field research trips, personal interviews, and Arabic primary sources, the book explores the relationship between the ideologies of the various schools of Salafism and their praxis in relation to Lebanese politics. The book should interest students and scholars of Islamic movements, international affairs, politics and religion, and radical groups and terrorism.
Download or read book Atlas of Lebanon written by Eric Verdeil and published by Presses de l’Ifpo. This book was released on 2019-10-03 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After fifteen years of reconstruction in a relatively peaceful environment spanning the years 1990 to 2004, Lebanon has experienced successive violent political events resulting from complex entangled internal and external struggles. The Syrian crisis and its political, economic and demographic consequences on Lebanon have increased these tensions. This atlas sheds light on these new challenges and adds new data that complete the analyses already published in the Atlas du Liban. Territoires et société (Atlas of Lebanon. Territories and Society) released in 2007 by the same research team. Some of its components are included in this edition. Beyond the international regional crisis and the population movements, it takes into account Lebanon’s socio-economic dimensions, the environmental issues linked to uncontrolled urbanization and to natural risks, as well as conflicts due to local territorial management. This atlas is the result of a collaborative endeavor between French and Lebanese researchers. It uses a geographical approach that puts in the foreground a spatial analysis of social and natural phenomena. Public sources are scarce in Lebanon, especially at the local scale. They are sometimes less reliable and difficult to access. It is particularly the case for the Lebanese census data, conversely data are abundantly available on the refugees population, which is less known than the population of refugees. International data help compare Lebanon to its neighbors. Thematic data produced by some ministries are helpful to provide a detailed view regarding specific domains. Analyses processed on aerial and satellite images have produced essential data on urbanization and environment. Local thematic fieldwork surveys have provided additional data. The book consists of seven chapters. The first one deals with the territorial state-building seen in the light of regional geopolitics, and emphasizes internal violence and the reemergence of militias and armed groups that fight each other and the state army. Lebanon is once again perceived as a territory divided between multiple allegiances. The second chapter is devoted to the analysis of population dynamics, despite the lack of reliable data whose sources are subject to discussion. It includes analyses of internal population flows, the Lebanese diaspora, and the assessment of Syrian refugees’ influx. The third chapter shows the fragility of the Lebanese economic model. Its dependency on foreign investments and on...
Download or read book Update on the Situation in Lebanon written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The New Lebanese Equation written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades during which they saw their influence consistently decline, Lebanon's Christians are in a position to once again play a decisive political role. The May 2008 Doha agreement, coming in the wake of Hizbollah's takeover of West Beirut, provides the Christian community with the opportunity to regain an important place on the political map and to advance demands that have long been ignored. Already, Christians have obtained key positions in the new government, which was formed on 12 July. But the Doha agreement goes well beyond. First, they led to the election as president of Michel Suleiman, the former army commander. As a result, the Christians recovered the institution to which they are constitutionally entitled but whose effective powers had considerably diminished since the crisis began in 2004. Secondly, the Doha agreement paves the way for a more Christian-friendly electoral law. Thirdly and lastly, Christians will be in a position to revitalise old demands which the rest of the political class generally has disregarded.
Download or read book Lebanon after the Syrian Withdrawal written by Ohannes Geukjian and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-11-10 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanon experienced serious instability and ethno-national conflict following the Syrian withdrawal in 2005, compounded by the Arab Spring, which led to regional instability and civil war in Iraq and Syria. Why did consociational democracy fail? Was failure inevitable? What impact could external powers play in creating an environment where consociationalism might be successfully implemented? This book addresses these key questions and provides a comprehensive analysis of how internal and external elite relations influence the chances of a successful regulation of ethno-national conflict through power-sharing. Exploring the roles played by Syria, Qatar, Iran, Saudi Arabia, the United States and France, it argues that external actors in the Lebanese conflict largely determined whether power-sharing was successfully established and shows that the consociational democratic model cannot provide long-term conflict regulation in their absence. The author argues that relationships between internal and external actors determine the prospects for successful conflict regulation and pinpoints the crucial role of the external forces in the creation of power-sharing agreements in Lebanon concluding that future success is dependent on the maintenance of positive, exogenous pressures. This book will be of key interest to students and scholars studying politics, international relations, and Middle East studies.
Download or read book The Druze Community and the Lebanese State written by Yusri Hazran and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the fundamental questions of Middle Eastern, and Lebanese studies in particular, is the history of the relationship between the Druze community and the state in modern Lebanon. Arguing that the Druze community has been politically alienated from the Lebanese state, this book explores the historical and political origins of this alienation. The Druze Community and the Lebanese State contends that the origins of this alienation lie in the state’s national ideology, its political confessional system, and the Druze’s historical background during the medieval period. Moreover, this book examines the extent to which the Druze’s attitude vis-à-vis the Lebanese state has been influenced by their historical rivalry with the Maronites. Particular emphasis is placed on the political and ideological practices adopted by the Druze leadership and intelligentsia as they dealt with the changes taking place in their community’s political status following the political settlements of 1920 and 1943 (the establishment of Greater Lebanon and the National Pact, respectively). A welcome addition to existing literature on Lebanon, this book will be an essential reference tool for students and researchers with an interest in nationalism, identity and Middle East Politics more broadly.
Download or read book Civil Society and Political Reform in Lebanon and Libya written by Carmen Geha and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-12 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanon and Libya have undergone critical political events in recent years. However, demands for reform from civic institutions during these transitions have not led to concrete political decisions. Civil Society and Political Reform in Lebanon and Libya reveals the deeply-entrenched historical patterns and elements of continuity that have led to path dependent outcomes in the political transitions of both countries. Motivated by personal experiences as an activist in Lebanon, the author draws together a wide range of data from participant observations, nation-wide surveys, interviews and focus groups in a careful analysis of these two civil society-led reform campaigns. The study demonstrates how the combination of weak states and power-sharing agreements marginalizes civic organisations and poses institutional constraints on the likelihood of reform. Written by an active participant in the political events discussed, this book offers new insight into two countries which present comparable and informative case studies. As such, it is a valuable resource for students, scholars and policymakers interested in civil society, politics and reform in the Middle East and North Africa.
Download or read book The Making of Lebanese Foreign Policy written by Henrietta Wilkins and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seeking to explain Lebanon’s behavior in the international arena during the 2006 war between Hezbollah and Israel, this book offers a critique of both systemic and sub state factors in determining foreign policy decisions. The Making of Lebanese Foreign Policy illustrates how systemic theories are limited in terms of explaining foreign policy decisions because they largely ignore the role of internal, or sub state, factors. Within Lebanon, foreign policy is split between the interests of different internal Lebanese groups working in alliance with external actors. The competing interests of these internal groups compromise the cohesion of the Lebanese state and its capacity to promote its own interests above those of the different internal groups. The example of Lebanon during the 2006 war thus demonstrates the importance of these sub state factors in influencing state behaviour on an international level. Arguing that a more pluralistic approach is necessary in order to understand the conditions that affect the foreign policy making of the Lebanese state, this book fills an important gap in the literature on the topic and will be of interest to students of International Relations, Middle East Studies and Islamic Studies amongst others.
Download or read book Lebanon written by Paul Doyle and published by Bradt Travel Guides. This book was released on 2023-04-17 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new, thoroughly updated third edition of Bradt’s Lebanon remains the only English-language guide dedicated to the smallest country on the Asian continent. Comprehensively updated throughout to reflect recent economic, political and social changes, it includes revised and new listings for hotels, restaurants, and what to see and do, catering for all types of travellers and budgets. Although only half the size of Wales, Lebanon offers extraordinary diversity. Some of the world’s oldest human settlements, including the Phoenician ports of Tyre and Byblos – two of Lebanon’s five World Heritage sites – sit alongside modern Beirut. The absorbing capital is popular for its world-renowned cuisine, eclectic nightlife, mosaic of peoples and kaleidoscope of religions. In Lebanon's second city, Tripoli, busy medieval souks are watched over by a vast Crusader castle. Nearby, snow-capped mountains and the lush Qadisha Valley with its snaking river and waterfalls provide entertainment for skiers and hikers (the latter also well served by the Lebanon Mountain Trail, which runs virtually the length of the country). Three hundred days of sunshine per year makes Lebanon a ‘go anytime’ destination, with the Mediterranean coastline particularly drawing sun-seekers and watersports enthusiasts. Wildlife-lovers can enjoy Shouf Biosphere Reserve (with its famed cedar trees, the national emblem) and the Aammiq Wetlands, while Lebanon has become a major destination for religious tourism, and vinophiles can visit numerous Bekaa Valley wineries of international repute. Bradt's Lebanon offers detailed coverage of areas ignored by other guides, particularly the country’s south, as well as more extensive cultural and practical information. New for this edition are specialist features on aspects of Lebanese cultural life, additional background information, updates on work to rebuild Beirut following the 2020 explosion, extended and revised coverage of the Aammiq Wetlands, new and updated maps, and new visitor attractions including the MIM mineral museum and the Middle East’s first chocolate museum, both in Beirut. With a comprehensive language appendix covering both Arabic and French, detailed historical and religious background that helps visitors travel with awareness and sensitivity, and in-depth travel information, Bradt's Lebanon is an indispensable practical companion to visiting this excitingly varied country.
