Download or read book The Emergence of Morality in Young Children written by John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. Health Sciences Program and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How- and when- do children distinguish right from wrong? Several prominent psychologists and a moral philosopher join in these essays to confront this issue and related questions and to clarify the controversies surrounding them. Introducing cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary viewpoints, the resulting volume is a landmark in the study of moral development.
Download or read book Handbook of Moral Development written by Melanie Killen and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Moral Development is the definitive source of theory and research on the development of morality. Since the publication of the first edition, ground-breaking approaches to studying the development of morality have re-invigorated debates about what it means to conceptualize and measure morality in early childhood, how children understand fairness and equality, what the evolutionary basis is for morality, and the role of culture. The contributors of this new edition grapple with these questions and provide answers for how morality originates, changes, evolves, and develops during childhood, adolescence, and into adulthood. Thoroughly updated and expanded, the second edition features new chapters that focus on: infancy neuroscience theory of mind moral personality and identity cooperation and culture gender, sexuality, prejudice and discrimination Reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of the study of moral development, this edition contains contributions from over 50 scholars in developmental science, cognitive psychology, social neuroscience, comparative psychology and evolution, and education.
Download or read book Adapting Human Thinking and Moral Reasoning in Contemporary Society written by Yama, Hiroshi and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-11-22 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies on human thinking have focused on how humans solve a problem and have discussed how human thinking can be rational. A juxtaposition between psychology and sociology allows for a unique perspective of the influence on human thought and morality on society. Adapting Human Thinking and Moral Reasoning in Contemporary Society is an in-depth critical resource that provides comprehensive research on thinking and morality and its influence on societal norms as well as how people adapt themselves to the novel circumstances and phenomena that characterize the contemporary world, including low birthrate, the reduction of violence, and globalization. Furthermore, cultural differences are considered with research targeted towards problems specific to a culture. Featuring a wide range of topics such as logic education, cognition, and knowledge management systems, this book is ideal for academicians, sociologists, researchers, social scientists, psychologists, and students.
Download or read book Raising Good Children written by Thomas Lickona and published by Bantam. This book was released on 2012-05-02 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Raising decent, caring, and responsible children is the most complex and challenging job in every parent’s life—and an increasingly difficult one in today’s society. Here is the most authoritative book available on this crucial subject, a valuable and sensitive guide for parents who want their children to grow up with lifelong positive values. Based on fascinating research, this groundbreaking work by psychologist and educator Dr. Thomas Lickona describes the predictable stages of moral development from birth to adulthood. And it offers you down-to-earth advice and guidance for each stage: • Seven caring ways to discipline “terrible twos” • Why your preschooler “lies” and how to handle it • What to do about a four-year-old’s back talk • How to handle your seven-year-old’s endless negotiations about what’s “fair” • Why teens have trouble with peer pressure—and how to help them • How to talk to your child about drugs, drinking, and sex • How to help children of any age reason more clearly about what’s right and wrong PLUS . . . A list of more than one hundred children’s books that teach moral values, and much more. “An excellent book on a vastly neglected aspect of raising children.”—Dr. Fitzhugh Dodson, author How to Parent, How to Father “We have been waiting for a book like this for a long time—a readable work that translates a moral development into parents’ language and experience.”—Dolores Curran, author of Traits of a Healthy Family “Truly integrates a moral development theory into a consistent approach to childrearing. . . Word-of-mouth recommendations from parent to parent may lift it to the level of popularity once held by Dr. Spock’s book on child care.”—Moral Education Forum
Download or read book The Ability of Young Children to Distinguish Between Morality and Convention written by Jörg Böttcher and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2002-12-13 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Zusammenfassung: Diese theoretische Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit Thema, inwieweit entwicklungspsychologische Forschungsbemühungen im Bereich der sogenannten „frühen Moral“ Aufklärung zu der Frage beitragen, ob Kinder in der Lage sind, moralische von konventionellen Normen zu unterscheiden bzw. sich diesen Unterscheidungen entsprechend zu verhalten. Ausgegangen wird dabei von den Arbeiten Lawrence Kohlbergs, der die These vertrat, jüngere Kinder (unter 10 Jahre alt) seien in ihrem sozialen Verhalten nahezu ausschließlich daran orientiert, Strafe zu vermeiden bzw. in egozentrischer Weise ihre Ziele zu verfolgen. Fähigkeiten zur Perspektivenübernahme seien nicht vorhanden; echtes moralisches Verhalten (nach Kohlberg die Orientierung des Handelns an Maßstäben der Gerechtigkeit) sei somit bei ihnen nicht möglich. Innerhalb verschiedener Forschungsansätze wurde diese Sicht der moralischen Kompetenz jüngerer Kinder in Frage gestellt. Es stellte sich heraus, dass Kinder unter bestimmten Bedingungen sehr wohl Entscheidungen treffen können, die sie mit Rückgriff auf moralische Normen begründen. Sie sind auch fähig, konventionelle von moralischen Normen zu unterscheiden, indem sie moralische Verhaltensregeln beispielsweise als weniger veränderbar betrachten als Konventionen. In meinem Überblick stelle ich die verschiedenen theoretischen und methodologischen Vorgehensweisen der Ansätze dar und arbeite heraus, welche Unterschiede in den Forschungsmethoden zu welchen Unterschieden in der Beurteilung der moralischen Entwicklung von Kindern führen. Dabei stellt sich unter anderem heraus, dass bestimmte Untersuchungsdesigns geradezu verhindern, dass Kinder innerhalb dieser Untersuchungen moralisches Verhalten zeigen können. Es ergibt sich ein durch die neueren Ansätze erweitertes und differenzierteres Bild in bezug auf die moralischen Fähigkeiten von Kindern, als das von Kohlberg propagierte. Wie ich aufzeige, bedeutet dies jedoch in keiner Weise, dass Kohlberg durch die neueren Ansätze „widerlegt“ wurde. Es wird vielmehr deutlich, dass Einseitigkeiten bzw. blinde Flecken in den Forschungsansätzen sowohl bei Kohlberg als auch bei seinen Kritikern zu den dargestellten unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen geführt haben, und dass es darum notwendig ist, die unterschiedlichen Ansätze zu integrieren. Abstract: In this diploma thesis I want to consider several approaches in the area of moral development research. Given the theory of Lawrence Kohlberg, young [...]
Download or read book The Ability of Young Children to Distinguish Between Morality and Convention written by Joerg Boettcher and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-09-29 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diploma Thesis from the year 2001 in the subject Psychology - Developmental Psychology, grade: 1,0, Free University of Berlin, 95 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: In this diploma thesis I want to consider several approaches in the area of moral development research.Given the theory of Lawrence Kohlberg, young children (younger than 10 years of age) seem to stay completely under the constraints of authorities and rules. According to Kohlberg, children's social judgments and behaviors are determined by instrumental aims to satisfy their own needs and wishes, or to avoid punishment. In this regard, the helping of others or meeting the needs of others is only motivated by instrumental considerations. Thus, in Kohlberg's view young children are not able to think or to act in a genuinely moral way. In reaction to Kohlberg, other researchers have suggested that young children are capable to make genuinely moral judgments and to act in a moral way. Eisenberg (e.g. 1986) has suggested that young children can have empathic or altruistic feelings which lead them to conduct prosocial acts. Other researchers (e.g. Keller, 1996; Nunner-Winkler, 1993) assert that children under the age of ten years are able to understand and feel moral emotions, which they consider as constitutive or as indicators for morality. Turiel and his associates (e.g. Turiel, 1983) suggest that even children at about 2 years of age are able to differentiate between a moral, conventional, and personal domain of social knowledge, and that children subordinate the importance of personal and conventional rules under the importance of moral rules. These approaches to the morality of young children revealed differing results to differing aspects of morality. The aim of my work is to examine the above mentioned approaches in order to evaluate the obvious differences between their obtained results and the results of Kohlberg. My questions are: Is Kohlberg's approach of using authority dile
Download or read book The Development of Moral Reasoning in Young Children written by Fabienne Green and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Approaches to the Development of Moral Reasoning written by Peter E. Langford and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first part of the book offers a survey of current approaches to the development of moral reasoning: those of Freud, ego psychology, Piaget and Kohlberg. The approach of Kohlberg has been popular because he was able to give an impressive account of findings from the key method of interviews, the other crucial method being naturalistic observation of moral discourse. The accounts of interview evidence given by ego psychology and Piaget were less comprehensive and less impressive. Naturalistic studies have either been impressionistic or less detailed in their methods of analysis. The second part of the book argues that the impressive nature of Kohlberg's later evidence for his view that moral reasoning passes through a sequence of stages is in part illusory, because his theory predicts that specific types of reply will show specific developmental patterns. However, as data are always reported in terms of stages, which amalgamate very disparate types of reply, it is impossible to know whether the specific types of reply follow their predicted developmental courses or not. Reasons given for assigning given types of reply to a stage are also often doubtful. This leads to discussion of studies that have reported findings in terms of specific types of reply (weakly interpretive methods), as opposed to Kohlberg's stage-based and strongly interpretive methods. Findings from these disconfirm Kohlberg's theory at several crucial points. The second and third parts of the book also examine findings from non-Kohlbergian interviews and other methods, again advocating that weakly interpretive and largely descriptive presentation of findings is preferable to strongly interpretive techniques. It is argued that a wide variety of mechanisms suggested by the theories outlined in the first part of the book, as well as others drawn from general theories of personality development, are able to explain existing descriptive developmental findings. The task for the future is to assess the relative importance of these mechanisms.
Download or read book Morality in Everyday Life written by Melanie Killen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-10-13 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection highlights research on morality in human development.
Download or read book Being Hurt and Hurting Others written by Cecilia Wainryb and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2005-09-12 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research reported in this Monograph documents the narrative accounts and moral evaluations that children between the ages of 5 and 16 made of incidents in which they had been the targets of their peers’ unfair or harmful actions and incidents in which they had been those inflicting harm on their peers. By systematically examining children’s construals of social interactions, this research brings to the fore the role of interpretation in moral thinking. By moving beyond the assessment of moral judgments made from an uninvolved third-person perspective, it underscores the possibility that children apply their moral concepts differently when they judge instances of harm or injustice from the victim’s or the perpetrator’s perspectives. Together, these issues bear on how children’s moral concepts are applied and develop within their actual social interactions, especially those interactions that appear to violate those very moral concepts. By contributing to our understanding of children’s moral thinking as it is manifested in their everyday interactions, this research also brings us a step closer to better conceptualizing the study of children’s moral behavior.
Download or read book In a Different Voice written by Carol Gilligan and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1993-07 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the little book that started a revolution, making women's voices heard, in their own right and with their own integrity, for virtually the first time in social scientific theorizing about women. Its impact was immediate and continues to this day, in the academic world and beyond. Translated into sixteen languages, with more than 700,000 copies sold around the world, In a Different Voice has inspired new research, new educational initiatives, and political debate—and helped many women and men to see themselves and each other in a different light.Carol Gilligan believes that psychology has persistently and systematically misunderstood women—their motives, their moral commitments, the course of their psychological growth, and their special view of what is important in life. Here she sets out to correct psychology's misperceptions and refocus its view of female personality. The result is truly a tour de force, which may well reshape much of what psychology now has to say about female experience.
Download or read book Nurturing Morality written by Theresa A. Thorkildsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite often simplistic, black-and-white portrayals of good and evil, children and adolescents face complicated moral issues that can raise more questions than answers. Becoming aware of what constitutes morality is only the first step in determining a course of action, identifying and avoiding problems, and building communities that nurture morality. Young people learn to define and respond to moral dilemmas by interacting with and observing numerous sources. They acquire knowledge from family members, teachers, church leaders, peers, and members of neighborhood organizations. Raising themes of cultural pluralism, responsibility, complexity, affectivity, and practicality, Nurturing Morality addresses such issues as: - Definitions of morality that link past and current debates, enabling a more thorough understanding of moral functioning. - Personal responsibilities and impediments to moral functioning. - How societal structures can facilitate or inhibit moral agency and development. - The importance of acknowledging the common good as well as individual accomplishments. - Nurturing morality through wisdom. Drawing from a wide range of independent research programs, Nurturing Morality makes clear that most forms of human interaction are laden with moral content. It highlights thorny and complex moral questions that cannot be resolved by simple adherence to moral rules. And on the basis of empirically grounded findings, contributors to this volume provide recommendations for how adults can offer valuable guidance to young people learning to negotiate life in a global society. For clinicians, researchers, and students, Nurturing Morality provides much-needed insight and advice on young people’s moral development.
Download or read book Lawrence Kohlberg s Approach to Moral Education written by F. Clark Power and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lawrence Kohlberg's Approach to Moral Education presents what the late Lawrence Kohlberg regarded as the definitive statement of his educational theory. Addressing the sociology and social psychology of schooling, the authors propose that school culture become the center of moraleducation and research. They discuss how schools can develop as just and cohesive communities by involving students in democracy, and they focus on the moral decisions teachers and students face as they democratically resolve problems. As the authors put it: "We propose an educational renewal of our democratic society.... We have attempted to establish schools that do more than just teach about democratic citizenship, that are themselves democratic societies."
Download or read book Emotions Imagination and Moral Reasoning written by Robyn Langdon and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together philosophical perspectives on emotions, imagination, and moral reasoning with contributions from neuroscience, cognition, social psychology, developmental psychology, and abnormal psychology. It discusses the implications for philosophy from experimental work in the cognitive sciences and neurosciences, and shows what cognitive scientists and neuroscientists can learn from philosophical perspectives.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Parenting and Moral Development written by Deborah J. Laible and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-30 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Parenting and Moral Development provides a collection of state-of-the-art theories and research on the role that parents play in moral development. Contributors who are leaders in their fields take a comprehensive, yet nuanced approach to considering the complex links between parenting and moral development. The volume begins by providing an overview of traditional and contemporary perspectives on parenting and moral development, including perspectives related to parenting styles, domain theory, attachment theory, and evolutionary theory. In addition, there are several chapters that explore the genetic and biological influences related to parenting and moral development. The second section of the volume explores cultural and religious approaches to parenting and moral development and contributes examples of contemporary research with diverse populations such as Muslim cultures and US Latino/as. The last major section of the volume examines recent developments and approaches to parenting, including chapters on topics such as helicopter parenting, proactive parenting, parent-child conversations and disclosure, parental discipline, and other parenting practices designed to inhibit children's antisocial and aggressive behaviors. The volume draws together the most important work in the field; it is essential reading for anyone interested in parenting and moral development.
Download or read book A Teaching Strategy to Aid in the Development of Moral Reasoning of Young Children written by Joshua Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adolescence written by Peter K. Smith and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Adolescence can be a turbulent period. Encompassing both classic and modern research, Smith explores its cultural and historical context, the biological changes to the adolescent brain, and the difficulties - the search for identity, relationship changes, risk-taking and anti-social behaviours - that adolescence brings.
