Download or read book The Development of Leaf Succulence in the Halophyte Suaeda Maritima L Dum written by Meera Thiyagarajah and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Environmental Factors on the Physiology of the Halophyte Suaeda Maritima L Dum written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of salinity, temperature, light and aeration on the germination, growth and ion uptake of the halophyte Suaeda maritima were studied: the emphasis was on the interaction of salinity with the other factors. For optimum germination, seed needed vernalising while wet with a sodium chloride concentration of less than 200 mM. After this pretreatment germination was best at a temperature of 25°C in the dark: light reduced germination from 70 to 36 %. Salinity of 20 and 200 mM NaCl had little effect on the germination of seed presoaked at 5°C in salt for one month.The effect of NaCl, MgCl2 and a combination of the two salts on growth and ion uptake was examined for both whole plants and individual leaves. Optimal growth ocurred in NaCl at a concentration of 200 mM. Addition of MgCl2 (19 mM; approximately the ratio of Na/Mg found in seawater) depressed growth relative to the NaCl alone. MgCl2 alone adversley affected the growth of Suaeda plants and caused their death at concentrations of 200 mM and above. The effect of long-term exposure to NaCl was also examined. Suaeda was transplanted into ten levels of NaCl (20 to 2000 mM, plus culture solution). Although, best growth occured in a sodium chloride concentration about half that of seawater (200 mM), plants survived to produce seed with continuous exposure to salt concentrations up to 500 mM. Plants survived at 1500 and 2000 mM NaCl for about one month and 20 days, respectively: they did not flower. The plants grown at 750 to 1000 mM NaCl did not produced seeds, although, they flowered.The effect of light on growth and ion uptake was studied. The plants were grown under four light flux densities (70, 170, 260 and 450 umoles m-2 s-1) and three salinities (culture solution, 20 and 200 mM NaCl). The growth of shoot and root decreased with decreasing both light and salinity. Increasing light flux density tended to increase selectivity for K over Na and affected the ratio between the fluxes of these ions and the growth rate.The effect of root temperature (from 10 to 40°C) on growth, ion uptake, photosynthesis and ATP content was also studied: the results show that increasing root temperature from 10 to 40°C improved the fresh and dry weights, producing optimal growth at 30°C whether theIXseeds were germinated and grown (before transplanting) at 10 or 20°C (the lower temperature delayed the growth of the seedlings in comparison with the germination at 20°C). Sodium and chloride in the shoot increased (on a dry weight basis) with increasing root temperature from 10 to 30°C. At root temperatures of 20 and 30°C, C02 uptake during plant photosynthesis and H20 loss in transpiration was higher than at the two other temperatures. ATP concentration was higher in the root than the shoot and increased with increasing salinity up to 200 mM NaCl and decreased at 400 mM NaCl in the roots, while it decreased in the shoot with increasing NaCl concentration. The ATP concentration was affected by the low root temperature (10°C), but its concentration increased at 20° and 30^.Soil aeration is another factor found to be particular important in affecting plant growth and ion uptake: saturating the soil with water leads to oxygen deficiency and consequently low growth or plant death. In this work, plants were grown in one of three oxygen concentrations (1, 5 and 20 % 02) and three NaCl concentrations (culture solution, 20 and 200 mM). The results indicated that decreasing oxygen concentration round the roots depressed the growth at all salinities.Finally, the effect of inhibiting cytoplasmic streaming with Cytochalasin B (CB) on the transfer of chloride (36C1) from root to the shoot was investigated. Rates of 36C1 uptake (at different salinities) were in accord with those estimated from changes in ion contents: CB had a short-term effect on 36C1 uptake and transport.X.
Download or read book Effect of Environmental Factors on the Physiology of the Halophyte Suaeda Maritima L Dum written by Hassan Saeed Mobarak Al-Zahrani and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cash Crop Halophytes Recent Studies written by Helmut Lieth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume follows up a seminal meeting, presenting reports on progress made with recommendations made there. The text reports on the development of pilot projects and on the organization of an international organization. All this will serve as the foundation for future efforts to develop the common utilisation of cash crop halophytes.
Download or read book Ecophysiology of Vascular Halophytes written by Irwin A. Ungar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-06-14 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecophysiology of Vascular Halophytes provides a useful update to existing literature describing the ecophysiological responses of vascular halophytes to environmental stresses present in saline habitats. The success of species growing in these extreme environments is related to a number of adaptations, including the timing of phenological events, phenotypic plasticity and genetic selection for specific ecophysiological responses at different stages of development. Factors discussed that influence the growth and distribution of halophytes include seed germination, salinity stress, salt stimulation, flooding, ion content, nitrogen, plant water status, growth regulators, photosynthesis, and genecology. The book also discusses the effects of both interspecific and intraspecific competition on the growth and survival of halophytes. Researchers and students of stress ecology, as well as agricultural research organizations, will find a tremendous store of information in this volume.
Download or read book British Reports Translations and Theses written by British Library. Document Supply Centre and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book British Reports Translations and Theses written by British Library. Lending Division and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issue for Mar. 1981 contains index for Jan.-Mar. 1981 in microfiche form.
Download or read book Handbook of Halophytes written by Marius-Nicusor Grigore and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-05-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlights the potential of biosaline agriculture in a changing environment Covers all important topics related to halophyte biology including biochemistry, genetics and genomics Provides information on potential use of halophytes Each topic is explained in detail and examined from various angles More than 100 contributions by international experts
Download or read book Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants written by Pratibha Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PHYSIOLOGY OF SALT STRESS IN PLANTS Discover how soil salinity affects plants and other organisms and the techniques used to remedy the issue In Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants, an editorial team of internationally renowned researchers delivers an extensive exploration of the problem of soil salinity in modern agricultural practices. It also discusses the social and environmental issues caused by salt stress. The book covers the impact of salt on soil microorganisms, crops, and other plants, and presents that information alongside examinations of salt’s effects on other organisms, including aquatic fauna, terrestrial animals, and human beings. Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants describes the morphological, anatomical, physiological, and biochemical dimensions of increasing soil salinity. It also discusses potential remedies and encourages further thought and exploration of this issue. Readers are encouraged to consider less hazardous fertilizers and pesticides, to use safer doses, and to explore and work upon salt resistant varieties of plants. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: Thorough introductions to salt stress perception and toxicity levels and the effects of salt stress on the physiology of crop plants at a cellular level Explorations of the effects of salt stress on the biochemistry of crop plants and salt ion transporters in crop plants at a cellular level Practical discussions of salt ion and nutrient interactions in crop plants, including prospective signalling, and the effects of salt stress on the morphology, anatomy, and gene expression of crop plants An examination of salt stress on soil chemistry and the plant-atmosphere continuum Perfect for researchers, academics, and students working and studying in the fields of agriculture, botany, entomology, biotechnology, soil science, and plant physiology, Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants will also earn a place on the bookshelves of agronomists, crop scientists, and plant biochemists.
Download or read book Protocols in Lichenology written by Ilse Kranner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As an intricate association between a fungus and one or more green algae or cyanobacteria, lichens are one of the most successful examples of symbiosis. These fascinating organisms survive extreme desiccation and temperatures. They are adapted to a great variety of habitats, from deserts to intertidal zones, from tropical rain forests to the peaks of the Himalayas and to circumpolar ecosystems. Lichens are extremely efficient accumulators of atmospherically deposited pollutants, and are therefore widely used to monitor environmental pollution. Their wide range of secondary products show pharmaceutically interesting fungicidal, antibacterial and antiviral properties. Lichens are extremely difficult to culture. This manual provides well-tested tissue culture protocols, protocols for studying lichen ultrastructure, (eco)physiology, primary and secondary compounds, and for using lichens as bioindicators.
Download or read book Cash Crop Halophytes Recent Studies written by Helmut Lieth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume follows up a seminal meeting, presenting reports on progress made with recommendations made there. The text reports on the development of pilot projects and on the organization of an international organization. All this will serve as the foundation for future efforts to develop the common utilisation of cash crop halophytes.
Download or read book Ecophysiology of High Salinity Tolerant Plants written by M. Ajmal Khan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-16 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The halophytes are highly specialized plants, which have greater tolerance to salt. They can germinate, grow and reproduce successfully in saline areas which would cause the death of regular plants. Most halophytic species are found in salt marsh systems along seashores or around landlocked inland lakes and flat plains with high evaporation. The halophytes play very significant role in the saline areas specially in the coast by overcoming the salinity in different ways, viz. with regulating mechanisms in which excess salts are excreted and with out regulating mechanism, which may include succulents or cumulative types. Besides that they protect coast from erosion and cyclones, provide feeding ground and nursery for fish, shrimps and birds. Halophytes get increasing attention today because of the steady increase of the salinity in irrigation systems in the arid and semi-arid regions where the increasing population reaches the limits of freshwater availability. In many countries, halophytes have been successfully grown on saline wasteland to provide animal fodder and have the potential for rehabilitation and even reclamation of these sites. The value of certain salt-tolerant grass species has been recognized by their incorporation in pasture improvement programs in many salt affected regions throughout the world. There have been recent advances in selecting species with high biomass and protein levels in combination with their ability to survive a wide range of environmental conditions, including salinity.
Download or read book Salinity Environment Plants Molecules written by André Läuchli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In biology, the very big global and thevery small molecular issues currently appear to be in the limelight ofpublic interest and research funding policies. They are in danger of drifting apart from each other. They apply very coarse and very fine scaling, respectively, but coherence is lost when the various intermediate levels of different scales are neglected. Regarding SALINITY we are clearly dealing with a global problem, which due to progressing salinization of arable land is of vital interest for society. Explanations and basic understanding as well as solutions and remedies may finally lie at the molecular level. It is a general approach in science to look for understanding of any system under study at the next finer (or "lower") level of scaling. This in itself shows that we need a whole ladder of levels with increasingly finer steps from the global impact to the molecular bases of SALINITY relations. It is in this vein that the 22 chapters of this book aim at providing an integrated view of SALINITY.
Download or read book Ecophysiology and Responses of Plants under Salt Stress written by Parvaiz Ahmad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will shed light on the effect of salt stress on plants development, proteomics, genomics, genetic engineering, and plant adaptations, among other topics. Understanding the molecular basis will be helpful in developing selection strategies for improving salinity tolerance. The book will cover around 25 chapters with contributors from all over the world.
Download or read book Excursion Flora of the British Isles Plastic Cover written by A. R. Clapham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1981-01-29 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a concise Flora for the student and amateur botanist, giving brief, but accurate and scientific descriptions of all plants commonly found in the British Isles. This third edition is expanded to include more detailed treatment of certain taxonomically difficult groups and the distribution of many species have been indicated more precisely than in earlier editions.
Download or read book Anatomical Adaptations of Halophytes written by Marius-Nicușor Grigore and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes important anatomical adaptations in halophytes, based on a large review of relevant literature (since the 17th century) and recent research findings. Scientists involved in the study of plant biology, from a molecular to ecosystemic level, will find information about all major structural strategies of salt tolerant plants. The book starts with an introductory theoretical background, where several aspects related to the definition and classification of halophytes and saline environments are included. Major anatomical adaptations are then grouped around major concepts: succulence, tracheoidioblasts, salt secretion, Kranz anatomy, successive cambia, and bulliform cells. Each of them is treated following a general scheme: introductory considerations, anatomical basis, and ecological implications; a review of relevant literature is then conducted and the text is supported by a large number of figures, especially ink drawings and color micrographs.
Download or read book Solute Transport in Plants written by T.J. Flowers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of solute transport in plants dates back to the beginnings of experimental plant physiology, but has its origins in the much earlier interests of humankind in agriculture. Given this lineage, it is not surprising that there have been many books on the transport of solutes in plants; texts on the closely related subject of mineral nutrition also commonly address the topic of ion transport. Why another book? Well, physiologists continue to make new discoveries. Particularly pertinent is the characterisation of enzymes that are able to transport protons across membranes during the hydrolysis of energy-rich bonds. These enzymes, which include the H + -A TPases, are now known to be crucial for solute transport in plants and we have given them due emphasis. From an academic point of view, the transport systems in plants are now appreciated as worthy of study in their own right-not just as an extension of those systems already much more widely investigated in animals. From a wider perspective, understanding solute transport in plants is fundamental to understanding plants and the extent to which they can be manipulated for agricultural purposes. As physiologists interested in the mechanisms of transport, we first set out in this book to examine the solutes in plants and where are they located. Our next consideration was to provide the tools by which solute movement can be understood: a vital part of this was to describe membranes and those enzymes catalysing transport.
