Download or read book The Development of Colliders written by Claudio M. Pellegrini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995-01-31 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Market: Physicists, especially beam physicists and elementary particle physicists, as well as science historians and students. In the 1950s and 60s a revolution took place in our ability to handle and manipulate particle beams. This revolution cleared a path for major advances and changed forever the way matter is explored at the subnuclear level. This volume gathers together for the first time the seminal papers on the development and expansion of collider physics. Included are groundbreaking writings from Gersh Budker, Donald Kerst, Bruno Touschek, Nobel laureate Simon van der Meer, Gerry O'Neill, Ernest Courant, Keith Symon, and others. The editors, Claudio Pellegrini and Andrew Sessler, were colleagues of many of these notable contributors and witnesses to the development of virtually every machine mentioned in the book.
Download or read book Particle Accelerators Colliders and the Story of High Energy Physics written by Raghavan Jayakumar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-27 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes the readers through the science behind particle accelerators, colliders and detectors: the physics principles that each stage of the development of particle accelerators helped to reveal, and the particles they helped to discover. The book culminates with a description of the Large Hadron Collider, one of the world’s largest and most complex machines operating in a 27-km circumference tunnel near Geneva. The book provides the material honestly without misrepresenting the science for the sake of excitement or glossing over difficult notions. The principles behind each type of accelerator is made accessible to the undergraduate student and even to a lay reader with cartoons, illustrations and metaphors. Simultaneously, the book also caters to different levels of reader’s background and provides additional materials for the more interested or diligent reader.
Download or read book Collider written by Paul Halpern and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-08-03 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible look at the hottest topic in physics and the experiments that will transform our understanding of the universe The biggest news in science today is the Large Hadron Collider, the world's largest and most powerful particle-smasher, and the anticipation of finally discovering the Higgs boson particle. But what is the Higgs boson and why is it often referred to as the God Particle? Why are the Higgs and the LHC so important? Getting a handle on the science behind the LHC can be difficult for anyone without an advanced degree in particle physics, but you don't need to go back to school to learn about it. In Collider, award-winning physicist Paul Halpern provides you with the tools you need to understand what the LHC is and what it hopes to discover. Comprehensive, accessible guide to the theory, history, and science behind experimental high-energy physics Explains why particle physics could well be on the verge of some of its greatest breakthroughs, changing what we think we know about quarks, string theory, dark matter, dark energy, and the fundamentals of modern physics Tells you why the theoretical Higgs boson is often referred to as the God particle and how its discovery could change our understanding of the universe Clearly explains why fears that the LHC could create a miniature black hole that could swallow up the Earth amount to a tempest in a very tiny teapot "Best of 2009 Sci-Tech Books (Physics)"-Library Journal "Halpern makes the search for mysterious particles pertinent and exciting by explaining clearly what we don't know about the universe, and offering a hopeful outlook for future research."-Publishers Weekly Includes a new author preface, "The Fate of the Large Hadron Collider and the Future of High-Energy Physics" The world will not come to an end any time soon, but we may learn a lot more about it in the blink of an eye. Read Collider and find out what, when, and how.
Download or read book The Large Hadron Collider written by Lyndon R. Evans and published by EPFL Press. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the technology and engineering of the Large Hadron collider (LHC), one of the greatest scientific marvels of this young 21st century. This book traces the feat of its construction, written by the head scientists involved, placed into the context of the scientific goals and principles.
Download or read book Idea Colliders written by Michael John Gorman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A provocative call for the transformation of science museums into "idea colliders" that spark creative collaborations and connections. Today's science museums descend from the Kunst-und Wunderkammern of the Renaissance--collectors' private cabinets of curiosities--through the Crystal Palace exhibition of 1851 to today's "interactive" exhibits promising educational fun. In this book, Michael John Gorman issues a provocative call for the transformation of science museums and science centers from institutions dedicated to the transmission of cultural capital to dynamic "idea colliders" that spark creative collaborations and connections. This new kind of science museum would not stage structured tableaux of science facts but would draw scientists into conversation with artists, designers, policymakers, and the public. Rather than insulating visitors from each other with apps and audio guides, the science museum would consider each visitor a resource, bringing questions, ideas, and experiences from a unique perspective.
Download or read book Tunnel Visions written by Michael Riordan and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-11-20 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A detailed and engaging account of the development of the superconducting supercollider, one of the largest scientific undertakings in the United States.” —Journal of American History Starting in the 1950s, US physicists dominated the search for elementary particles; aided by the association of this research with national security, they held this position for decades. In an effort to maintain their hegemony and track down the elusive Higgs boson, they convinced President Reagan and Congress to support construction of the multibillion-dollar Superconducting Super Collider project in Texas—the largest basic-science project ever attempted. But after the Cold War ended and the estimated SSC cost surpassed ten billion dollars, Congress terminated the project in October 1993. Drawing on extensive archival research, contemporaneous press accounts, and over one hundred interviews with scientists, engineers, government officials, and others involved, Tunnel Visions tells the riveting story of the aborted SSC project. The authors examine the complex, interrelated causes for its demise, including problems of large-project management, continuing cost overruns, and lack of foreign contributions. In doing so, they ask whether Big Science has become too large and expensive, including whether academic scientists and their government overseers can effectively manage such an enormous undertaking. “Focusing on the scientific, technical, and political conflicts that led to delays, ever rising costs, and eventually the SSC’s cancelation by Congress, Tunnel Visions is a true techno-thriller.” —Burton Richter, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics “Most good science stories are tales of discovery and success, but failure can be just as riveting. Here two historians and an archivist describe the greatest particle physics experiment that never was.” —Scientific American
Download or read book Challenges and Goals for Accelerators in the XXI Century written by Oliver Brning and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015 with total page 855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The past 100 years of accelerator-based research have led the field from first insights into the structure of atoms to the development and confirmation of the Standard Model of physics. Accelerators have been a key tool in developing our understanding of the elementary particles and the forces that govern their interactions. This book describes the past 100 years of accelerator development with a special focus on the technological advancements in the field, the connection of the various accelerator projects to key developments and discoveries in the Standard Model, how accelerator technologies open the door to other applications in medicine and industry, and finally presents an outlook of future accelerator projects for the coming decades."--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Large Hadron Collider Phenomenology written by M. Kramer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-09-30 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) under construction and due to come online in 2007, it is appropriate to engage in a focused review on LHC phenomenology. At a time when most of the experimental effort is centered on detector construction and software development, it is vitally important to direct the experimental community and, in particular, new researchers on the physics phenomena expected from the LHC. Large Hadron Collider Phenomenology covers the capabilities of LHC, from searches for the Higgs boson and physics beyond the standard model to detailed studies of quantum chromodynamics, the B-physics sectors, and the properties of hadronic matter at high energy density as realized in heavy-ion collisions. Written by experienced researchers and experimentalists, this reference examines the basic properties and potentials of the machine, detectors, and software required for physics analyses. The book starts with a basic introduction to the standard model and its applications to the phenomena observed at high energy collisions. Later chapters describe the key technological challenges facing the construction of the LHC machine, the operating detectors of the LHC, and the vast computing grid needed to analyze the data. In the final sections, the contributors discuss the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), explore questions and predictions for the LHC program, and examine the physics opportunities of the LHC using information from the forward region. By surveying the difficult challenges of the LHC development while also assessing the novel processes that the LHC will perform, Large Hadron Collider Phenomenology aids less seasoned physicists as well as existing researchers in discovering the numerous possibilities of the LHC.
Download or read book An Assessment of U S Based Electron Ion Collider Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-10-13 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding of protons and neutrons, or "nucleons"â€"the building blocks of atomic nucleiâ€"has advanced dramatically, both theoretically and experimentally, in the past half century. A central goal of modern nuclear physics is to understand the structure of the proton and neutron directly from the dynamics of their quarks and gluons governed by the theory of their interactions, quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and how nuclear interactions between protons and neutrons emerge from these dynamics. With deeper understanding of the quark-gluon structure of matter, scientists are poised to reach a deeper picture of these building blocks, and atomic nuclei themselves, as collective many-body systems with new emergent behavior. The development of a U.S. domestic electron-ion collider (EIC) facility has the potential to answer questions that are central to completing an understanding of atoms and integral to the agenda of nuclear physics today. This study assesses the merits and significance of the science that could be addressed by an EIC, and its importance to nuclear physics in particular and to the physical sciences in general. It evaluates the significance of the science that would be enabled by the construction of an EIC, its benefits to U.S. leadership in nuclear physics, and the benefits to other fields of science of a U.S.-based EIC.
Download or read book Inside Cern s Large Hadron Collider From The Proton To The Higgs Boson written by Mario Campanelli and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book aims to explain the historical development of particle physics, with special emphasis on CERN and collider physics. It describes in detail the LHC accelerator and its detectors, describing the science involved as well as the sociology of big collaborations, culminating with the discovery of the Higgs boson. Readers are led step-by-step to understanding why we do particle physics, as well as the tools and problems involved in the field. It provides an insider's view on the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider.
Download or read book Particle Physics Experiments at High Energy Colliders written by John Hauptman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-18 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by one of the detector developers for the International Linear Collider, this is the first textbook for graduate students dedicated to the complexities and the simplicities of high energy collider detectors. It is intended as a specialized reference for a standard course in particle physics, and as a principal text for a special topics course focused on large collider experiments. Equally useful as a general guide for physicists designing big detectors.
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Stephen Myers and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 867 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third open access volume of the handbook series deals with accelerator physics, design, technology and operations, as well as with beam optics, dynamics and diagnostics. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A,B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access.
Download or read book Innovation was Not Enough written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ch. 1. Introduction -- ch. 2. Historical background. 2.1. The early history of accelerators. 2.2. Accelerator physics in the Midwest. 2.3. The coming of strong focusing. 2.4. The desire for a new accelerator laboratory in the Midwest -- ch. 3. The early MURA years, 1953-1956. 3.1. The beginnings of MURA. 3.2. The invention of FFAG. 3.3. MURA studies. 3.4. Theory of radio frequency acceleration. 3.5. Nonlinear dynamics. 3.6. The radial sector model. 3.7. The spiral sector model. 3.8. MURA computing. 3.9. Colliding beams. 3.10. Collective instabilities. 3.11. Conferences -- ch. 4. The Madison years, 1956-1963. 4.1. Formation of the MURA organization. 4.2. The move to Madison. 4.3. Space charge. 4.4. Injection and extraction. 4.5. The 50 MeV two-way model. 4.6. MURA proposals. 4.7. The 1959 workshop; synchrotrons catch up. 4.8. The directorship of Bernard Waldman. 4.9. The panel and their recommendations. 4.10. MURA responds -- ch. 5. The last years of MURA, 1963-1967. 5.1. The end of MURA. 5.2. The ZGS tuneup and improvement program. 5.3. Linacs. 5.4. Magnet development. 5.5. Cosmic rays. 5.6. Bubble chambers. 5.7. The electron storage ring. 5.8. The physical sciences laboratory; the synchrotron radiation center. 5.9. Fermilab. 5.10. Cyclotrons and nonscaling FFAGs today and tomorrow. 5.11. MURA's last gasp -- ch. 6. Consequences and reflections. 6.1. Innovations. 6.2. Innovation was not enough. 6.3. Personal note
Download or read book History of Original Ideas and Basic Discoveries in Particle Physics written by Harvey B. Newman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Conference on the History of Original Ideas and Basic Discoveries, held at the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture in Erice, Sicily, July 27-August 4, 1994, brought together sixty of the leading scientists including many Nobel Laureates in high energy physics, principal contributors in other fields of physics such as high Tc superconductivity, particle accelerators and detector instrumentation, and thirty-six talented younger physicists selected from candidates throughout the world. The scientific program, including 49 lectures and a discussion session on the "Status and Future Directions in High Energy Physics" was inspired by the conference theme: The key experimental discoveries and theoretical breakthroughs of the last 50 years, in particle physics and related fields, have led us to a powerful description of matter in terms of three quark and three lepton families and four fundamental interactions. The most recent generation of experiments at e+e- and proton-proton colliders, and corresponding advances in theoretical calculations, have given us remarkably precise determinations of the basic parameters of the electroweak and strong interactions. These developments, while showing the striking internal consistency of the Standard Model, have also sharpened our view of the many unanswered questions which remain for the next generation: the origin and pattern of particle masses and families, the unification of the interactions including gravity, and the relation between the laws of physics and the initial conditions of the universe.
Download or read book Superconducting Materials for High Energy Colliders written by Luisa Cifarelli and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ELOISATRON (ELN) Project aims at a future proton supercollider with 100-500 TeV energy per beam and 1034-1036 cm-2s-1 luminosity. While the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is being implemented at CERN, it is very timely to study the feasibility of the next generation of hadron colliders at the extreme limits of energy and luminosity. In this respect, the achievement of extremely high magnetic fields and the production of accelerating rf cavities with very low losses are a crucial point in the actual construction design of such a collider. The search for superconducting materials with suitable properties to be used in this field has gained a new impulse after the discovery of the so-called high temperature superconducting compounds (HTSCs) with superconducting critical temperatures higher than 100 K. Besides the critical temperatures, the transport performances of this class of compounds are still very far from allowing applications in extremely high energy colliders. On the other hand, in the last few years, the technological and scientific improvements obtained for both the HTSCs and the conventional superconducting materials are very promising.This book reviews the recent status of R&D on the rising generation of superconducting materials for accelerator magnets and cavities, and discusses novel aspects and ideas in this domain.
Download or read book Superconducting Super Collider written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1090 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Challenges And Goals For Accelerators In The Xxi Century written by Stephen Myers and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past 100 years of accelerator-based research have led the field from first insights into the structure of atoms to the development and confirmation of the Standard Model of physics. Accelerators have been a key tool in developing our understanding of the elementary particles and the forces that govern their interactions. This book describes the past 100 years of accelerator development with a special focus on the technological advancements in the field, the connection of the various accelerator projects to key developments and discoveries in the Standard Model, how accelerator technologies open the door to other applications in medicine and industry, and finally presents an outlook of future accelerator projects for the coming decades.
