Download or read book The Situational and Personality Determinants of Punitiveness written by Jane Aileen Bernzweig and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Determinants of Punitiveness written by Valerie Jean Callanan and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crime Punishment and Politics in Comparative Perspective written by Michael H. Tonry and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Punitiveness in Contemporary Europe written by Elizabeth Gordon Pfeffer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Punitivity Punitiveness a global phenomenon written by Helmut Kury and published by Brockmeyer Verlag. This book was released on 2011 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Punitivity Insecurity and punitiveness written by Helmut Kury and published by Brockmeyer Verlag. This book was released on 2011 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The New Punitiveness written by John Pratt and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout much of the western world more and more people are being sent to prison, one of a number of changes inspired by a 'new punitiveness' in penal and political affairs. This book seeks to understand these developments, bringing together leading authorities in the field to provide a wide-ranging analysis of new penal trends, compare the development of differing patterns of punishment across different types of societies, and to provide a range of theoretical analyses and commentaries to help understand their significance. As well as increases in imprisonment this book is also concerned to address a number of other aspects of 'the new punitiveness': firstly, the return of a number of forms of punishment previously thought extinct or inappropriate, such as the return of shaming punishments and chain gangs (in parts of the USA); and secondly, the increasing public involvement in penal affairs and penal development, for example in relation to length of sentences and the California Three Strikes Law, and a growing accreditation of the rights of victims. The book will be essential reading for students seeking to understand trends and theories of punishment on law, criminology, penology and other courses.
Download or read book Incarceration Nation written by Peter K. Enns and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-22 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incarceration Nation demonstrates that the US public played a critical role in the rise of mass incarceration in this country.
Download or read book Punishment and Crime written by Gary Kleck and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes and synthesizes a vast body of research on the effects of legal punishment and criminal behavior. Covering studies conducted between 1967 and 2015, Punishment and Crime evaluates the assertion that legal punishment reduces crime by investigating the impacts, both positive and negative, of legal punishment on criminal behavior, with emphasis on the effects of punitive crime control policies via the mechanisms of deterrence and incapacitation. Brion Sever and Gary Kleck, author of the renowned Point Blank: Guns and Violence in America, present a literature review on legal punishment in the United States that is unparalleled in depth and scope. This text is a must-read for students, researchers, and policymakers concerned with the fields of corrections and crime prevention.
Download or read book The Limits of Blame written by Erin I. Kelly and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faith in the power and righteousness of retribution has taken over the American criminal justice system. Approaching punishment and responsibility from a philosophical perspective, Erin Kelly challenges the moralism behind harsh treatment of criminal offenders and calls into question our society’s commitment to mass incarceration. The Limits of Blame takes issue with a criminal justice system that aligns legal criteria of guilt with moral criteria of blameworthiness. Many incarcerated people do not meet the criteria of blameworthiness, even when they are guilty of crimes. Kelly underscores the problems of exaggerating what criminal guilt indicates, particularly when it is tied to the illusion that we know how long and in what ways criminals should suffer. Our practice of assigning blame has gone beyond a pragmatic need for protection and a moral need to repudiate harmful acts publicly. It represents a desire for retribution that normalizes excessive punishment. Appreciating the limits of moral blame critically undermines a commonplace rationale for long and brutal punishment practices. Kelly proposes that we abandon our culture of blame and aim at reducing serious crime rather than imposing retribution. Were we to refocus our perspective to fit the relevant moral circumstances and legal criteria, we could endorse a humane, appropriately limited, and more productive approach to criminal justice.
Download or read book The Future of Imprisonment written by Michael Tonry and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-04-08 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The imprisonment rate in America has grown by a factor of five since 1972. In that time, punishment policies have toughened, compassion for prisoners has diminished, and prisons have gotten worse-a stark contrast to the origins of the prison 200 years ago as a humanitarian reform, a substitute for capital and corporal punishment and banishment. So what went wrong? How can prisons be made simultaneously more effective and more humane? Who should be sent there in the first place? What should happen to them while they are inside? When, how, and under what conditions should they be released? The Future of Imprisonment unites some of the leading prisons and penal policy scholars of our time to address these fundamental questions. Inspired by the work of Norval Morris, the contributors look back to the past twenty-five years of penal policy in an effort to look forward to the prison's twenty-first century future. Their essays examine the effects of current high levels of imprisonment on urban neighborhoods and the people who live in them. They reveal how current policies came to be as they are and explain the theories of punishment that guide imprisonment decisions. Finally, the contributors argue for the strategic importance of controls on punishment including imprisonment as a limit on government power; chart the rise and fall of efforts to improve conditions inside; analyze the theory and practice of prison release; and evaluate the tricky science of predicting and preventing recidivism. A definitive guide to imprisonment policies for the future, this volume convincingly demonstrates how we can prevent crime more effectively at lower economic and human cost.
Download or read book Penal Populism and Public Opinion written by Julian V. Roberts and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-12-05 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although criminal justice systems vary greatly around the world, one theme has emerged in all western jurisdictions in recent years: a rise in both the rhetoric and practice of severe punishment at a time when public opinion has played a pivotal role in sentencing policy and reforms. Despite the differences among jurisdictions, startling commonalities exist among the five countries-the U.K., USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand--surveyed here. Drawing on the results of representative opinion surveys and other research tools the authors map public attitudes towards crime and punishment across countries and explore the congruence between public views and actual policies. Co-authored by four distinguished sentencing policy experts, Penal Populism and Public Opinion is a clarion call for limiting the influence of penal populism and instituting more informed, research- based sentencing policies across the western world.
Download or read book Health and Incarceration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-08-08 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past four decades, the rate of incarceration in the United States has skyrocketed to unprecedented heights, both historically and in comparison to that of other developed nations. At far higher rates than the general population, those in or entering U.S. jails and prisons are prone to many health problems. This is a problem not just for them, but also for the communities from which they come and to which, in nearly all cases, they will return. Health and Incarceration is the summary of a workshop jointly sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences(NAS) Committee on Law and Justice and the Institute of Medicine(IOM) Board on Health and Select Populations in December 2012. Academics, practitioners, state officials, and nongovernmental organization representatives from the fields of healthcare, prisoner advocacy, and corrections reviewed what is known about these health issues and what appear to be the best opportunities to improve healthcare for those who are now or will be incarcerated. The workshop was designed as a roundtable with brief presentations from 16 experts and time for group discussion. Health and Incarceration reviews what is known about the health of incarcerated individuals, the healthcare they receive, and effects of incarceration on public health. This report identifies opportunities to improve healthcare for these populations and provides a platform for visions of how the world of incarceration health can be a better place.
Download or read book Punitivity written by Helmut Kury and published by Brockmeyer Verlag. This book was released on 2011 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Juvenile Crime Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
Download or read book Perceptions of Punitiveness written by Ariel Fichman and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine the different factors that contribute to the formation of punitive attitudes among the public in respect to several demographic variables, such as gender, ethnicity, level of education, socioeconomic status (SES), and age. In addition, political affiliation and factual knowledge as well as stereotypical knowledge regarding offender characteristics were examined. Using a non-probability Quota sampling technique, a sample of 879 respondents from random locations in New York and the Tri-State region were surveyed between September 2007 and February of 2008. The respondents were at least 18 years old and came from various social strata. The public opinion survey focused on five main domains and contained 99 items. Results of the current study indicate the demographic characteristics as well as knowledge and political affiliation affect punitive attitudes among the public. Specifically, white males were found to be more punitive than white females as well as African American males amd females. Additionally, respondents who had more factual knowledge about offender characteristics held less punitive attitudes, yet, respondents who based their knowledge on stereotypes held more punitive attitudes. Furthermore, a higher education level was found to reduce punitive attitudes, and when combined with ethnicity, the least punitive were white male and female respondents. A higher socioeconomic (SES) level generated more punitive attitudes, and when examining for SES and ethnicity it was found that African Americans from a higher SES tended to be more punitive in comparison to other ethnicity groups. In addition, respondents with a higher legal compliance level possessed more punitive attitudes, as did those identifying themselves as republicans. Contradictory to the hypothesis, older respondents were found to hold less punitive attitudes. Potential explanations are presented and discussed accordingly. Overall, this study demonstrated the different factors that affect public attitudes toward crime and punishment, however, knowledge and education proved to be the stronger elements in predicting and reducing punitive attitudes. Some recommendations for future studies as well as recommendations for policy are discussed.
Download or read book The Scale of Imprisonment written by Franklin E. Zimring and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1993-09 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two of the nation's foremost criminal justice scholars present a comprehensive assessment of the factors behind the growth and subsequent overcrowding of American prisons. By critiquing the existing scholarship on prison scale from sociology and history to correctional forecasting and economics, they both reveal that explicit policy changes have had little influence on the increases in imprisonment in recent years and analyze whether it is possible to place limits effectively on prison population. "The Scale of Imprisonment has an exceptionally well designed literature review of interest to public policy, criminal justice, and public law scholars. Its careful review, analysis, and critique of research is stimulating and inventive."—American Political Science Review "The authors fram our thoughts about the soaring use of imprisonment and stimulate our thinking about the best way we as criminologists can conduct rational analysis and provide meaningful advice."—Susan Guarino-Ghezzi, Journal of Quantitative Criminology "Zimring and Hawkins bring a long tradition of excellent criminological scholarship to the seemingly intractable problems of prisons, prison overcrowding, and the need for alternative forms of punishment."—J. C. Watkins, Jr., Choice
