Download or read book The Determinants of Capital Structure in Ethiopian Small Scale Manufacturing Industry Firms written by Dereje Yohannis and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2019 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 3.28, , language: English, abstract: The purpose of the study is investigating the determinants of capital structure for Small Scale Manufacturing Firms (SSMFs) in Ethiopia. Hypotheses utilizing trade-off, pecking order and agency theories are empirically examined using a series of firm characteristics: size, tangibility, profitability, earning volatility, age and macroeconomic variable (GDP growth rate, inflation rate and interest rate). A structured record review was made to collect a panel data, which include 20 SSMFs year observations of 11 years over the period 1998 – 2008 E.C. The findings suggest that profitability, earning volatility, age, growth, GDP, inflation rate and interest rate variables are the most important determinants of capital structure of SSMFs in Ethiopia. The findings also reveal that the dominant capital structure theories (trade-off, pecking order, and agency theories) appear indeed to be valid for Ethiopian SSMFs’ capital structure; in fact, trade-off theory best explains Ethiopian SSMFs’ capital structure. All firm specific variables except Size, tangibility and growth variables seem to have an effect on the level of leverage in Ethiopian SSMFs.
Download or read book Determinants of Capital Structure in Small Privately Held Firms written by Nicos Michaelas and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Corporate Capital Structures in the United States written by Benjamin M. Friedman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research reported in this volume represents the second stage of a wide-ranging National Bureau of Economic Research effort to investigate "The Changing Role of Debt and Equity in Financing U.S. Capital Formation." The first group of studies sponsored under this project, which have been published individually and summarized in a 1982 volume bearing the same title (Friedman 1982), addressed several key issues relevant to corporate sector behavior along with such other aspects of the evolving financial underpinnings of U.S. capital formation as household saving incentives, international capital flows, and government debt management. In the project's second series of studies, presented at the National Bureau of Economic Research conference in January 1983 and published here for the first time along with commentaries from that conference, the central focus is the financial side of capital formation undertaken by the U.S. corporate business sector. At the same time, because corporations' securities must be held, a parallel focus is on the behavior of the markets that price these claims.
Download or read book Colonnade 1957 written by Longwood College and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions written by H. Kent Baker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-31 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to making better capital structure and corporate financing decisions in today's dynamic business environment Given the dramatic changes that have recently occurred in the economy, the topic of capital structure and corporate financing decisions is critically important. The fact is that firms need to constantly revisit their portfolio of debt, equity, and hybrid securities to finance assets, operations, and future growth. Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions provides an in-depth examination of critical capital structure topics, including discussions of basic capital structure components, key theories and practices, and practical application in an increasingly complex corporate world. Throughout, the book emphasizes how a sound capital structure simultaneously minimizes the firm's cost of capital and maximizes the value to shareholders. Offers a strategic focus that allows you to understand how financing decisions relates to a firm's overall corporate policy Consists of contributed chapters from both academics and experienced professionals, offering a variety of perspectives and a rich interplay of ideas Contains information from survey research describing actual financial practices of firms This valuable resource takes a practical approach to capital structure by discussing why various theories make sense and how firms use them to solve problems and create wealth. In the wake of the recent financial crisis, the insights found here are essential to excelling in today's volatile business environment.
Download or read book Empirical Capital Structure written by Christopher Parsons and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical Capital Structure reviews the empirical capital structure literature from both the cross-sectional determinants of capital structure as well as time-series changes.
Download or read book Common Determinants of the Firm s Capital Structure and Business Survival written by Evaldo Barbosa and published by . This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While methodologically improving upon a previous work, this study seeks empirically to identify the determinants of financial leverage and survival of the very small firms. This is important because, although research in capital structure has been impressively extended since the early 2000s from the study of almost exclusively large firms to SMEs, specific treatment of the very small concerns seems to be necessary and lagging behind. Likewise, much has been done with respect to the determinants of small business exit rates, but with apparently excessive concentration in new firms. Conventional debt ratio analyses reaffirm previous findings or otherwise and throw light upon other not-previously studied relationships, by making use of a larger unbalanced panel data sample, new and unconventional model specifications and breaking down total gearing into its short-, medium- and long-term components. Conventional failure analyses identify many determinants of small businesses' hazard rates at the same time they do not confirm some findings that have been replicated many times in the related literature. Unconventional analyses, however, seem to be successful at unearthing relationships for determinants not confirmed by the conventional, either capital structure or survival, analyses. Out of the traditionally studied factors, only past growth is not confirmed as a determinant of small firm discontinuance. This book reports research results that are remarkable, mainly with respect to the determinants of small firm survival. Notwithstanding, it does not claim to be definitive scientific proof because of its methodological limitations. Instead, the best use to be made of it is that of a reference work to guide students in planning their investigations, analyzing their data and assessing their findings or otherwise. Another application for this book is that it can be viewed as a pilot study conducted to validate methodology before a very costly larger-scale survey takes place. Governmental bodies, trade associations and institutions involved in boosting small business development would be the targeted audience here. A third application for this book is related to the fact that it uncovers superlative behavior of a small subset of the population overlooked by studies using large financial databases. In this case the interested audiences would be practitioners and management undergraduate courses, which are nowadays specializing in many areas and, as a consequence, are in need of acquiring specialized knowledge. Factors empirically analyzed in this book include all those traditionally studied in the SMEs capital structure literature. These are size, asset structure, growth, business risk, profitability, firm age and industry. Factors either never or very rarely empirically studied are also analyzed. These are entrepreneur's risk tolerance, aversion to sharing control, competitive strategy and capital share concentration. Other contemplated factors are operational cycle, capital intensity, total factor productivity, economic conditions, financial constraints, creditworthiness, owner's age, owner's gender, among others. In many instances, more than one measure is used for a factor. Examples are sales variability and sales unpredictability for business risk and machinery/fixed assets ratio, automation degree and capital/labor ratio for capital intensity. For the capital structure analyses, asset composition is broken down into its components, namely, plant & equipment ratio, real state ratio and investments ratio. The OLS multiple regression model is the instrument of analysis chosen for the capital structure investigation. For the duration analysis, the Cox proportional hazard model is the choice. Weibull and Gompertz specifications are also used only for the sole purpose of comparison. All findings, but three, in the whole time-to-event analysis, are statistically significant at the 0.1% level.
Download or read book Ownership Structure as a Determinant of Capital Structure An Empirical Study of DAX Companies written by Christian Funke and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-07 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diploma Thesis from the year 2003 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,1 (A), European Business School - International University Schlo Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel (Endowed-Chairf for Corporate Finance and Capital Markets), language: English, abstract: The idea that the general characteristics of a firm's ownership structure can affect performance has achieved considerable attention and related research brought forward relatively consistent empirical evidence e.g. on the positive impact of managerial ownership on firm performance. However, the evidence on the relation between ownership and capital structure is less consistent and numerous, although there are good reasons to believe that there may be such a relationship. Since the capital structure irrelevance propositions of MODIGLIANI/MILLER economists have devoted considerable time to studying cross-sectional and time-series variations in capital structure. More recent work following the seminal contribution by JENSEN/MECKLING has employed an agency theory perspective in the search for an explanation of capital structure variations. With this managerial perspective capital structure is not only explained by variations in internal and external contextual factors of the firm, but also by the values, goals, preferences and desires of managers. Corporate financing decisions are influenced by managers' incentives and the incentives for managers to act opportunistically can be influenced by the ownership structure of the firm. However, most empirical work analyzing a firm's capital structure in cross-sectional and time-series studies ignores the equity ownership structure as a possible explanatory variable. This can be partly explained by problems associated with the availability of ownership data, when compared to readily available accounting and market data on other relevant variables. Notwithstanding, it entails a problem of model misspecification as omitting a relevant variable
Download or read book Hotel Investments written by Stephen Rushmore and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Corporate Debt Capacity written by Gordon Donaldson and published by Beard Books. This book was released on 2000-07 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Capital Structure Decisions written by Yamini Agarwal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inside the risk management and corporate governance issues behind capital structure decisions Practical ways of determining capital structures have always been mysterious and riddled with risks and uncertainties. Dynamic paradigm shifts and the multi-dimensional operations of firms further complicate the situation. Financial leaders are under constant pressure to outdo their competitors, but how to do so is not always clear. Capital Structure Decisions offers an introduction to corporate finance, and provides valuable insights into the decision-making processes that face the CEOs and CFOs of organizations in dynamic multi-objective environments. Exploring the various models and techniques used to understand the capital structure of an organization, as well as the products and means available for financing these structures, the book covers how to develop a goal programming model to enable organization leaders to make better capital structure decisions. Incorporating international case studies to explain various financial models and to illustrate ways that capital structure choices determine their success, Capital Structure Decisions looks at existing models and the development of a new goal-programming model for capital structures that is capable of handling multiple objectives, with an emphasis throughout on mitigating risk. Helps financial leaders understand corporate finance and the decision-making processes involved in understanding and developing capital structure Includes case studies from around the world that explain key financial models Emphasizes ways to minimize risk when it comes to working with capital structures There are a number of criteria that financial leaders need to consider before making any major capital investment decision. Capital Structure Decisions analyzes the various risk management and corporate governance issues to be considered by any diligent CEO/CFO before approving a project.
Download or read book Capital Structure and Firm Performance written by Arvin Ghosh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capital structure theory is one of the most dynamic areas of finance and forms the basis for modern thinking on the capital structure of firms. Much controversy has resulted from comparisons of the theory of capital structure originally developed by Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller to real-world situations. Two competing theories have emerged over the years, the optimal capital structure theory and the pecking order theory.Arvin Ghosh begins with an overview of the controversies regarding capital structure theories, and then statistically tests both the optimal capital structure and pecking order theories. Using the binomial approach he analyzes the determinants of capital structure while discussing the role of market power in determining capital structure decisions. Ghosh probes the questions of new stock offerings and stockholders' returns, and analyzes capital structure and executive compensation. He then looks into debt financing ownership structure, and the controversal relationship between capital structure and firm profitability. Finally, he discusses the latest developments in the field of capital structure.A concise overview of a major issue in business economics and finance, this volume provides a fuller understanding of capital structure influence on the financial performance of firms, and will certainly stimulate further debate. While hundreds of scholarly articles have been written on the subject this is the first book to test competing theories against measurements of firms' performance and their underlying capital structure.
Download or read book Testing Static Trade off Against Pecking Order Models of Capital Structure written by Lakshmi Shyam-Sunder and published by . This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drawdown written by Paul Hawken and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2017-04-18 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: • New York Times bestseller • The 100 most substantive solutions to reverse global warming, based on meticulous research by leading scientists and policymakers around the world “At this point in time, the Drawdown book is exactly what is needed; a credible, conservative solution-by-solution narrative that we can do it. Reading it is an effective inoculation against the widespread perception of doom that humanity cannot and will not solve the climate crisis. Reported by-effects include increased determination and a sense of grounded hope.” —Per Espen Stoknes, Author, What We Think About When We Try Not To Think About Global Warming “There’s been no real way for ordinary people to get an understanding of what they can do and what impact it can have. There remains no single, comprehensive, reliable compendium of carbon-reduction solutions across sectors. At least until now. . . . The public is hungry for this kind of practical wisdom.” —David Roberts, Vox “This is the ideal environmental sciences textbook—only it is too interesting and inspiring to be called a textbook.” —Peter Kareiva, Director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, UCLA In the face of widespread fear and apathy, an international coalition of researchers, professionals, and scientists have come together to offer a set of realistic and bold solutions to climate change. One hundred techniques and practices are described here—some are well known; some you may have never heard of. They range from clean energy to educating girls in lower-income countries to land use practices that pull carbon out of the air. The solutions exist, are economically viable, and communities throughout the world are currently enacting them with skill and determination. If deployed collectively on a global scale over the next thirty years, they represent a credible path forward, not just to slow the earth’s warming but to reach drawdown, that point in time when greenhouse gases in the atmosphere peak and begin to decline. These measures promise cascading benefits to human health, security, prosperity, and well-being—giving us every reason to see this planetary crisis as an opportunity to create a just and livable world.
Download or read book The COVID 19 Impact on Corporate Leverage and Financial Fragility written by Sharjil M. Haque and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-11-05 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the impact of the COVID-19 recession on capital structure of publicly listed U.S. firms. Our estimates suggest leverage (Net Debt/Asset) decreased by 5.3 percentage points from the pre-shock mean of 19.6 percent, while debt maturity increased moderately. This de-leveraging effect is stronger for firms exposed to significant rollover risk, while firms whose businesses were most vulnerable to social distancing did not reduce leverage. We rationalize our evidence through a structural model of firm value that shows lower expected growth rate and higher volatility of cash flows following COVID-19 reduced optimal levels of corporate leverage. Model-implied optimal leverage indicates firms which did not de-lever became over-leveraged. We find default probability deteriorates most in large, over-leveraged firms and those that were stressed pre-COVID. Additional stress tests predict value of these firms will be less than one standard deviation away from default if cash flows decline by 20 percent.
Download or read book Financial Structure in Small Business written by Dominicus van der Wijst and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 46 4. 2 Assumptions and definitions 48 4. 3 Single period models 4. 3. 1 Introduction: the MM-position 48 4. 3. 2 The effect of risk of default and limited liability 50 53 4. 3. 3 The effect of bankruptcy costs 4. 3. 4 The effect of agency costs 58 4. 3. 5 The effect of informational differences 60 4. 4 Multi-period models 63 4. 4. 1 Introduction: additional assumptions and redefinitions 63 65 4. 4. 2 The MM-position 67 4. 4. 3 The effect of limited liability and the risk of default 4. 4. 4 The effect of bankruptcy costs 70 4. 4. 5 The Scott model 72 4. 4. 6 Some extensions of the Scott model 76 4. 5 Conclusions 79 Appendix to chapter 4 82 83 5 Determinants from the practice of small business finance 83 5. 1 Introduction and overview 5. 2 Determinants related to the firm's internal characteristics 85 5. 3 Determinants related to the firm's external relationships 91 6 A comparison and evaluation of both sources 94 6. 1 Comparison and evaluation 94 6. 2 Summary and empirical implications 98 PART III : EMPIRICAL ANALYSES IN SMALL BUSINESS 7 Analyses of samples of individual firms 103 7. 1 Introduction 103 7. 2 Data 104 7. 3 Hypotheses and variables 107 7. 4 Specification and estimation results 113 IV 8 Analyses of industry averages in retailing 131 8. 1 Introduction 131 8. 2 Data 132 8.
Download or read book Economic Systems in the New Era Stable Systems in an Unstable World written by Svetlana Igorevna Ashmarina and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-10 with total page 901 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings book presents outcomes of the Innovative Economic Symposium – 2020 organized by the Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice (VŠTE) in Russia in collaboration with two universities: Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Moscow) and Samara State University of Economics (Samara). The symposium aims to bring together experts and young scientists in economy, management, international relations, finance, marketing, and professional education from Asian and European countries, to share knowledge and experience and discuss issues related to stable economic development, international business, entrepreneurship, Industry 4.0, cooperation between educational and business structures, strategic decision-making, and processes of economic globalization and fragmentation. The book consists of two parts corresponding to the thematic symposium areas. The book content covers two sections: stable development in unstable world and globalization and fragmentation forces of the current world economy. The main topics included in the book are as follows: - Where is the world moving to and where is the economy in it? - Institutionalization of innovations. - Network architecture of economic relations. - Competences for the future. - Smart change management. - Monetary and fiscal policy development as a factor of economic modernization. - Role of international trade in the economy globalization. - Impact of globalization and economic fragmentation on the enterprise’s internal environment. - Financial conditions for entrepreneurship under the economic modernization. - Impact of scientific and technological progress on globalization and fragmentation of the economy.
