Download or read book Design of Low Voltage Bipolar Operational Amplifiers written by M. Jeroen Fonderie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design of Low-Voltage Bipolar Operational Amplifiers discusses the sub-circuits necessary to build a low-voltage operational amplifier. These include rail-to-rail input stages, rail-to-rail output stages, intermediate stages, protection circuitry and frequency compensation techniques. Of each of these, various implementations are examined. Furthermore, the book discusses realizations in silicon of the amplifiers. The design and implementation of low-voltage bipolar Operational Amplifiers (OpAmps) is fully presented. A low supply voltage is necessary because the tendency towards chip components of smaller dimensions lowers the breakdown voltage of these components. Further, a low supply voltage is favorable because it enables operation of the OpAmp from just one single battery cell. The bipolar technology is chosen, because it is more suited for operation at low-voltages than the MOS technology. The common-mode input voltage of the OpAmp must be able to have any value that fits within the supply voltage range. Input stages are discussed which are able to realize this at supply voltages down to 1.8 V, as well as down to 1 V. The output voltage of the OpAmp must be able to have any value within the supply voltage range. One of the 1 V output stages that is discussed, the multi-path driven output stage, also has a high bandwidth with a high gain. In addition to the input and output stage, the OpAmp comprises an intermediate stage, between the input stage and the output stage, to boost the overall gain of the OpAmp, and a class AB current control. A frequency compensation technique is used to split apart the pole frequencies in the transfer function. A disadvantage of this nested Miller compensation, is that the resulting bandwidth is reduced by a factor of two. A new method, multi-path-driven Miller compensation, which does not have this drawback, is therefore introduced. Several realizations are evaluated and a figure of merit is defined for the performance comparison of the OpAmps. One of the OpAmps operates at a 1 V supply, has a 3.4 MHz bandwidth with a 100 pF load and has a 700 &mgr;A supply current. The book is an excellent reference for professional designers of amplifiers and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the subject.
Download or read book Design of Low voltage Bipolar Operational Amplifiers written by Jeroen Fonderie and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Design of Low Voltage Bipolar Operational Amplifiers written by Joon Son and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compact Low Voltage and High Speed CMOS BiCMOS and Bipolar Operational Amplifiers written by Klaas-Jan de Langen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compact Low-Voltage and High-Speed CMOS, BiCMOS and Bipolar Operational Amplifiers discusses the design of integrated operational amplifiers that approach the limits of low supply voltage or very high bandwidth. The resulting realizations span the whole field of applications from micro-power CMOS VLSI amplifiers to 1-GHz bipolar amplifiers. The book presents efficient circuit topologies in order to combine high performance with simple solutions. In total twelve amplifier realizations are discussed. Two bipolar amplifiers are discussed, a 1-GHz operational amplifier and an amplifier with a high ratio between the maximum output current and the quiescent current. Five amplifiers have been designed in CMOS technology, extremely compact circuits that can operate on supply voltages down to one gate-source voltage and two saturation voltages which equals about 1.4 V and, ultimate-low-voltage amplifiers that can operate on supply voltages down to one gate-source voltage and one saturation voltage which amounts to about 1.2 V. In BiCMOS technology five amplifiers have been designed. The first two amplifiers are based on a compact topology. Two other amplifiers are designed to operate on low supply voltages down to 1.3 V. The final amplifier has a unity-gain frequency of 200 MHz and can operate down to 2.5 V. Compact Low-Voltage and High-Speed CMOS, BiCMOS and Bipolar Operational Amplifiers is intended for the professional analog designer. Also, it is suitable as a text book for advanced courses in amplifier design.
Download or read book Design of Low Voltage Low Power Operational Amplifier Cells written by Ron Hogervorst and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-12-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power CMOS Operational Amplifier Cells describes the theory and design of the circuit elements that are required to realize a low-voltage, low-power operational amplifier. These elements include constant-gm rail-to-rail input stages, class-AB rail-to-rail output stages and frequency compensation methods. Several examples of each of these circuit elements are investigated. Furthermore, the book illustrates several silicon realizations, giving their measurement results. The text focuses on compact low-voltage low-power operational amplifiers with good performance. Six simple high-performance class-AB amplifiers are realized using a very compact topology making them particularly suitable for use as VLSI library cells. All of the designs can use a supply voltage as low as 3V. One of the amplifier designs dissipates only 50μW with a unity gain frequency of 1.5 MHz. A second set of amplifiers run on a supply voltage slightly above 1V. The amplifiers combine a low power consumption with a gain of 120 dB. In addition, the design of three fully differential operational amplifiers is addressed. Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power CMOS Operational Amplifier Cells is intended for professional designers of analog circuits. It is also suitable for use as a text book for an advanced course in CMOS operational amplifier design.
Download or read book Op Amps for Everyone written by Ron Mancini and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2003 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The operational amplifier ("op amp") is the most versatile and widely used type of analog IC, used in audio and voltage amplifiers, signal conditioners, signal converters, oscillators, and analog computing systems. Almost every electronic device uses at least one op amp. This book is Texas Instruments' complete professional-level tutorial and reference to operational amplifier theory and applications. Among the topics covered are basic op amp physics (including reviews of current and voltage division, Thevenin's theorem, and transistor models), idealized op amp operation and configuration, feedback theory and methods, single and dual supply operation, understanding op amp parameters, minimizing noise in op amp circuits, and practical applications such as instrumentation amplifiers, signal conditioning, oscillators, active filters, load and level conversions, and analog computing. There is also extensive coverage of circuit construction techniques, including circuit board design, grounding, input and output isolation, using decoupling capacitors, and frequency characteristics of passive components. The material in this book is applicable to all op amp ICs from all manufacturers, not just TI. Unlike textbook treatments of op amp theory that tend to focus on idealized op amp models and configuration, this title uses idealized models only when necessary to explain op amp theory. The bulk of this book is on real-world op amps and their applications; considerations such as thermal effects, circuit noise, circuit buffering, selection of appropriate op amps for a given application, and unexpected effects in passive components are all discussed in detail. *Published in conjunction with Texas Instruments *A single volume, professional-level guide to op amp theory and applications *Covers circuit board layout techniques for manufacturing op amp circuits.
Download or read book Low Voltage CMOS Operational Amplifiers written by Satoshi Sakurai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-Voltage CMOS Operational Amplifiers: Theory, Design and Implementation discusses both single and two-stage architectures. Opamps with constant-gm input stage are designed and their excellent performance over the rail-to-rail input common mode range is demonstrated. The first set of CMOS constant-gm input stages was introduced by a group from Technische Universiteit, Delft and Universiteit Twente, the Netherlands. These earlier versions of circuits are discussed, along with new circuits developed at the Ohio State University. The design, fabrication (MOSIS Tiny Chips), and characterization of the new circuits are now complete. Basic analog integrated circuit design concepts should be understood in order to fully appreciate the work presented. However, the topics are presented in a logical order and the circuits are explained in great detail, so that Low-Voltage CMOS Operational Amplifiers can be read and enjoyed by those without much experience in analog circuit design. It is an invaluable reference book, and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the subject.
Download or read book Low Voltage CMOS Operational Amplifiers written by Satoshi Sakurai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1994-12-31 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-Voltage CMOS Operational Amplifiers: Theory, Design and Implementation discusses both single and two-stage architectures. Opamps with constant-gm input stage are designed and their excellent performance over the rail-to-rail input common mode range is demonstrated. The first set of CMOS constant-gm input stages was introduced by a group from Technische Universiteit, Delft and Universiteit Twente, the Netherlands. These earlier versions of circuits are discussed, along with new circuits developed at the Ohio State University. The design, fabrication (MOSIS Tiny Chips), and characterization of the new circuits are now complete. Basic analog integrated circuit design concepts should be understood in order to fully appreciate the work presented. However, the topics are presented in a logical order and the circuits are explained in great detail, so that Low-Voltage CMOS Operational Amplifiers can be read and enjoyed by those without much experience in analog circuit design. It is an invaluable reference book, and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the subject.
Download or read book The Design of Low Voltage Low Power Sigma Delta Modulators written by Shahriar Rabii and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oversampling techniques based on sigma-delta modulation are widely used to implement the analog/digital interfaces in CMOS VLSI technologies. This approach is relatively insensitive to imperfections in the manufacturing process and offers numerous advantages for the realization of high-resolution analog-to-digital (A/D) converters in the low-voltage environment that is increasingly demanded by advanced VLSI technologies and by portable electronic systems. In The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators, an analysis of power dissipation in sigma-delta modulators is presented, and a low-voltage implementation of a digital-audio performance A/D converter based on the results of this analysis is described. Although significant power savings can typically be achieved in digital circuits by reducing the power supply voltage, the power dissipation in analog circuits actually tends to increase with decreasing supply voltages. Oversampling architectures are a potentially power-efficient means of implementing high-resolution A/D converters because they reduce the number and complexity of the analog circuits in comparison with Nyquist-rate converters. In fact, it is shown that the power dissipation of a sigma-delta modulator can approach that of a single integrator with the resolution and bandwidth required for a given application. In this research the influence of various parameters on the power dissipation of the modulator has been evaluated and strategies for the design of a power-efficient implementation have been identified. The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators begins with an overview of A/D conversion, emphasizing sigma-delta modulators. It includes a detailed analysis of noise in sigma-delta modulators, analyzes power dissipation in integrator circuits, and addresses practical issues in the circuit design and testing of a high-resolution modulator. The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators will be of interest to practicing engineers and researchers in the areas of mixed-signal and analog integrated circuit design.
Download or read book Analog Circuit Design written by Johan Huijsing and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many interesting design trends are shown by the six papers on operational amplifiers (Op Amps). Firstly. there is the line of stand-alone Op Amps using a bipolar IC technology which combines high-frequency and high voltage. This line is represented in papers by Bill Gross and Derek Bowers. Bill Gross shows an improved high-frequency compensation technique of a high quality three stage Op Amp. Derek Bowers improves the gain and frequency behaviour of the stages of a two-stage Op Amp. Both papers also present trends in current-mode feedback Op Amps. Low-voltage bipolar Op Amp design is presented by leroen Fonderie. He shows how multipath nested Miller compensation can be applied to turn rail-to-rail input and output stages into high quality low-voltage Op Amps. Two papers on CMOS Op Amps by Michael Steyaert and Klaas Bult show how high speed and high gain VLSI building blocks can be realised. Without departing from a single-stage OT A structure with a folded cascode output, a thorough high frequency design technique and a gain-boosting technique contributed to the high-speed and the high-gain achieved with these Op Amps. . Finally. Rinaldo Castello shows us how to provide output power with CMOS buffer amplifiers. The combination of class A and AB stages in a multipath nested Miller structure provides the required linearity and bandwidth.
Download or read book Frequency Compensation Techniques for Low Power Operational Amplifiers written by Rudy G.H. Eschauzier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frequency Compensation Techniques for Low-Power Operational Amplifiers is intended for professional designers of integrated amplifiers, emphasizing low-voltage and low-power solutions. The book bridges the gap between the professional designer's needs and available techniques for frequency compensation. It does so by explaining existing techniques and introducing several new techniques including Hybrid Nested Miller compensation, Multipath Miller Zero cancellation and Multipath Conditionally Stable compensation. All compensation techniques are treated in a stage-number-based order, progressing from a single transistor to circuits with six stages and more. Apart from discussing the mathematical basis of the compensation methods, the book provides the reader with the factual information that is required for practicing the design of integrated feedback amplifiers and many worked out examples. What is more, many bipolar and CMOS operational amplifier realizations, along with their measurement results, prove the effectiveness of the compensation techniques in real-life circuits. The text focuses on low-voltage, low-power integrated amplifiers. Many of the presented bipolar circuits operate at supply voltages down to 1V, while several CMOS amplifiers that function correctly just slightly above this voltage are demonstrated. The lowest measured power consumption amounts to 17muW for a class AB CMOS opAmp with 120dB gain. Despite this attention to low voltage and low power, the frequency compensation strategies provided are universally applicable. The fundamental approach followed leads to efficient compensation strategies that are well guarded against the parameter variations inherent to the mass-fabrication of integrated circuits. The book is essential reading for practicing analog design engineers and researchers in the field. It is also suitable as a text for an advanced course on the subject.
Download or read book Operational Amplifiers written by Johan Huijsing and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-09 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proven textbook guides readers to a thorough understanding of the theory and design of operational amplifiers (OpAmps). The core of the book presents systematically the design of operational amplifiers, classifying them into a periodic system of nine main overall configurations, ranging from one gain stage up to four or more stages. This division enables circuit designers to recognize quickly, understand, and choose optimal configurations. Characterization of operational amplifiers is given by macro models and error matrices, together with measurement techniques for their parameters. Definitions are given for four types of operational amplifiers depending on the grounding of their input and output ports. Many famous designs are evaluated in depth, using a carefully structured approach enhanced by numerous figures. In order to reinforce the concepts introduced and facilitate self-evaluation of design skills, the author includes problems with detailed solutions, as well as simulation exercises.
Download or read book Operational Amplifiers written by Johan Huijsing and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-23 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operational Amplifiers – Theory and Design, Second Edition presents a systematic circuit design of operational amplifiers. Containing state-of-the-art material as well as the essentials, the book is written to appeal to both the circuit designer and the system designer. It is shown that the topology of all operational amplifiers can be divided into nine main overall configurations. These configurations range from one gain stage up to four or more stages. Many famous designs are evaluated in depth. Additional chapters included are on systematic design of μV-offset operational amplifiers and precision instrumentation amplifiers by applying chopping, auto-zeroing, and dynamic element-matching techniques. Also, techniques for frequency compensation of amplifiers with high capacitive loads have been added. Operational Amplifiers – Theory and Design, Second Edition presents high-frequency compensation techniques to HF-stabilize all nine configurations. Special emphasis is placed on low-power low-voltage architectures with rail-to-rail input and output ranges. In addition to presenting characterization of operational amplifiers by macro models and error matrices, together with measurement techniques for their parameters it also develops the design of fully differential operational amplifiers and operational floating amplifiers. Operational Amplifiers – Theory and Design, Second Edition is carefully structured and enriched by numerous figures, problems and simulation exercises and is ideal for the purpose of self-study and self-evaluation.
Download or read book Design of Low voltage Low power CMOS Operational Amplifier Cells written by Ron Hogervorst and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Operational Amplifiers written by Jiri Dostal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with the practical knowledge necessary to select and use operational amplifier devices. It presents an extensive treatment of applications and a practically oriented, unified theory of operational circuits. Provides the reader with practical knowledge necessary to select and use operational amplifier devices. Presents an extensive treatment of applications and a practically oriented, unified theory of operational circuits
Download or read book Design of Low Voltage Low Power Operational Amplifier Cells written by Ron Hogervorst and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power CMOS Operational Amplifier Cells describes the theory and design of the circuit elements that are required to realize a low-voltage, low-power operational amplifier. These elements include constant-gm rail-to-rail input stages, class-AB rail-to-rail output stages and frequency compensation methods. Several examples of each of these circuit elements are investigated. Furthermore, the book illustrates several silicon realizations, giving their measurement results. The text focuses on compact low-voltage low-power operational amplifiers with good performance. Six simple high-performance class-AB amplifiers are realized using a very compact topology making them particularly suitable for use as VLSI library cells. All of the designs can use a supply voltage as low as 3V. One of the amplifier designs dissipates only 50μW with a unity gain frequency of 1.5 MHz. A second set of amplifiers run on a supply voltage slightly above 1V. The amplifiers combine a low power consumption with a gain of 120 dB. In addition, the design of three fully differential operational amplifiers is addressed. Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power CMOS Operational Amplifier Cells is intended for professional designers of analog circuits. It is also suitable for use as a text book for an advanced course in CMOS operational amplifier design.
Download or read book Operational Amplifiers written by Jerald G. Graeme and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1971 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Differential amplifier stage signal characteristics. Input error signals and thermal drifts of a differential stage. The stages of an operational amplifier. Multistage operational amplifiers. Phase compensation. Linear circuit applications. Operational amplifiers in nonlinear circuits. Active filters. Analog/digital, digital/analog, and sampling networks. Waveform generators. Modulation and demodulation. Fundamental circuit theory. Definition and measurement of performance characteristics. Sensitivity of active filters.
