Download or read book The Crowding out of Public Good Conservation Effort written by Helena Jayne Clayton and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Truncated abstract] The challenge of designing institutions to influence individual behaviour towards social goals is central to economic theory, research and practice. This study has focused on investigating aspects of this challenge in the context of agri-environmental policy settings in Australia. Market-based institutional arrangements are emerging in Australia, and globally, as a dominant intervention to engage agricultural landholders in delivering public good environmental conservation. The more traditional approach in economics has been to evaluate the efficiencies that can be gained through instrument design to establish incentive compatibility to leverage private economic motives. However, this study has a focus on understanding how interactions between market incentives and non-economic socially-based motivations might affect farmer's participation in environmental conservation. A field-based study that has been guided by 'motivation crowding-out' theory (Frey 1997c) is presented. In a significant departure from neoclassical predictions, crowdingout theory suggests that market institutions can displace or crowd out social motivations (where they are important) and thus work to reduce rather than increase private contributions to public goods. There has been very limited empirical analysis undertaken to evaluate the possibility of such effects in agri-environmental contexts and this study makes a contribution to filling this gap. The empirical relevance of crowding-out was evaluated through the implementation of two case studies of biodiversity conservation. The willingness of farmers to participate in biodiversity conservation was evaluated in the context of 1) An on-ground trial of a biodiversity conservation auction; and 2) A choice modelling experiment that investigated responses (of participation) to a range of incentive scenarios. In this study crowding-out effects were found to be highly relevant. The findings from the case study surveys established that there are mixed motivations for participation in biodiversity conservation which include intrinsic or socially-based motives; this is an important finding because it establishes the foundation for a study of motivation crowding-out in the context of agri-environmental incentive programs in Australia...

Download or read book Saving Open Spaces written by Congressional Quarterly, inc and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Public Goods for Economic Development written by Olga Memedović and published by UN. This book was released on 2008 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication addresses factors that promote or inhibit successful provision of the four key international public goods: financial stability, international trade regime, international diffusion of technological knowledge and global environment. Without these goods, developing countries are unable to compete, prosper or attract capital from abroad. The need for public goods provision is also recognized by the Millennium Development Goals, internationally agreed goals and targets for knowledge, health, governance and environmental public goods. The Report addresses the nature of required policies and institutions using the modern principles of collective action.

Download or read book Regional Public Goods written by Antoni Estevadeordal and published by IDB. This book was released on 2004 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook on Waste Management written by Thomas C. Kinnaman and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-30 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Readership will be broad including academic economists researching waste issues and researchers specializing in waste management and more widely in environmental policy, behavioral economics, and public economics. International policymakers engaged in

Download or read book Virginia Environmental Law Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Economics of Conservation Programs written by Franz Wirl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demand side management (DSM) is one of the most topical issues in regulating electric utilities, both in the United States and internationally. What is DSM? It consists of various measures at the level of demand (households, commerce, industry, others), which are at least partially financed by electric utilities and which should either conserve energy or reduce the peak load. The practice of DSM originates from The Public Utility Regulatory Policy Act of 1978 (PURPA) that provided the political and legal framework to set energy conservation as a national goal, which encouraged regulatory commissions to initiate utility conservation programs; see e.g., Nowell-Tschirhart (1990) and Fox-Penner (1990). Moreover, integrated resource planning, which must account for DSM on a level playing field with supply, is written into the 1992 Energy Policy Act as the U.S. Government's preferred method of electric power planning. Although PURPA set energy conservation as a national priority, its implementation was left to the states with the consequence of considerable differences concerning efforts and rules. By 1993 16 states had already implemented integrated resource planning, 9 were in the process of doing so and further 9 considered implementation, (EPRI 1993b). Due to the Clean Air Act of 1990, 24 states are considering to include external costs in integrated resource planning.

Download or read book A Companion to Heritage Studies written by William Logan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-12 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Companion to Heritage Studies BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY A Companion to Heritage Studies “This Companion provides a gateway to heritage studies for students and scholars alike. Taken together, the essays testify to how exciting and dynamic this field has become.” Valdimar Tr. Hafstein, University of Iceland “Interdisciplinary and international in scope, A Companion to Heritage Studies succeeds in bringing together critical and practical, historicizing and future-oriented scholarship on what has become an all-pervasive global interest and industry, passion and resource.” Regina F. Bendix, Göttingen University, Germany “A vast and complete overview of the contemporary challenges of heritage preservation and management. This is an important book for practitioners, planners, and policy makers. The Companion fills a gap and helps address many of the uncomfortable questions heritage preservation is facing today.” Francesco Bandarin, Special Advisor to UNESCO for Heritage and Professor, University Iuav of Venice A Companion to Heritage Studies is a comprehensive, state-of-the-art survey of the interdisciplinary study of cultural heritage. Featuring a substantial framework-setting essay by the editors, and contributions from an international array of scholars, including some with extensive experience in heritage practice through UNESCO, the World Heritage Centre, ICOMOS and national heritage systems, this Companion offers a cutting-edge guide to this emergent and increasingly important field that is global in scope, cross-cultural in focus, and critical in approach. The selected essays have been innovatively organized into three sections on the expansion, use and abuse, and the recasting of heritage. The Companion covers all of the key themes in research, including old and new outlooks on cultural heritage and its management, heritage as a form of cultural politics, the emergence of critical heritage studies, the role of heritage in times of rapid change and conflict, heritage in environmental protection, the rise of intangible heritage, museums and digital heritage, World Heritage and tourism, and heritage ethics and human rights. A Companion to Heritage Studies will be an invaluable resource for students and scholars of anthropology, archeology, and cultural studies, as well as anyone interested in better understanding the historical, social, and political significance of heritage.

Download or read book The Samaritan s Dilemma written by Clark C. Gibson and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2005-09-08 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What's wrong with foreign aid? Many policymakers, aid practitioners, and scholars have called into question its ability to increase economic growth, alleviate poverty, or promote social development. At the macro level, only tenuous links between development aid and improved living conditions have been found. At the micro level, only a few programs outlast donor support and even fewer appear to achieve lasting improvements. The authors of this book argue that much of aid's failure is related to the institutions that structure its delivery. These institutions govern the complex relationships between the main actors in the aid delivery system and often generate a series of perverse incentives that promote inefficient and unsustainable outcomes. In their analysis, the authors apply the theoretical insights of the new institutional economics to several settings. First, they investigate the institutions of Sida, the Swedish aid agency, to analyze how that aid agency's institutions can produce incentives inimical to desired outcomes, contrary to the desires of its own staff. Second, the authors use cases from India, a country with low aid dependence, and Zambia, a country with high aid dependence, to explore how institutions on the ground in recipient countries also mediate the effectiveness of aid. Throughout the book, the authors offer suggestions about how to improve aid's effectiveness. These suggestions include how to structure evaluations in order to improve outcomes, how to employ agency staff to gain from their on-the-ground experience, and how to engage stakeholders as "owners" in the design, resource mobilization, learning, and evaluation processes of development assistance programs.

Download or read book The North American Model of Wildlife Conservation written by Shane P. Mahoney and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2019-09-10 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The foremost experts on the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation come together to discuss its role in the rescue, recovery, and future of our wildlife resources. At the end of the nineteenth century, North America suffered a catastrophic loss of wildlife driven by unbridled resource extraction, market hunting, and unrelenting subsistence killing. This crisis led powerful political forces in the United States and Canada to collaborate in the hopes of reversing the process, not merely halting the extinctions but returning wildlife to abundance. While there was great understanding of how to manage wildlife in Europe, where wildlife management was an old, mature profession, Continental methods depended on social values often unacceptable to North Americans. Even Canada, a loyal colony of England, abandoned wildlife management as practiced in the mother country and joined forces with like-minded Americans to develop a revolutionary system of wildlife conservation. In time, and surviving the close scrutiny and hard ongoing debate of open, democratic societies, this series of conservation practices became known as the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation. In this book, editors Shane P. Mahoney and Valerius Geist, both leading authorities on the North American Model, bring together their expert colleagues to provide a comprehensive overview of the origins, achievements, and shortcomings of this highly successful conservation approach. This volume • reviews the emergence of conservation in late nineteenth–early twentieth century North America • provides detailed explorations of the Model's institutions, principles, laws, and policies • places the Model within ecological, cultural, and socioeconomic contexts • describes the many economic, social, and cultural benefits of wildlife restoration and management • addresses the Model's challenges and limitations while pointing to emerging opportunities for increasing inclusivity and optimizing implementation Studying the North American experience offers insight into how institutionalizing policies and laws while incentivizing citizen engagement can result in a resilient framework for conservation. Written for wildlife professionals, researchers, and students, this book explores the factors that helped fashion an enduring conservation system, one that has not only rescued, recovered, and sustainably utilized wildlife for over a century, but that has also advanced a significant economic driver and a greater scientific understanding of wildlife ecology. Contributors: Leonard A. Brennan, Rosie Cooney, James L. Cummins, Kathryn Frens, Valerius Geist, James R. Heffelfinger, David G. Hewitt, Paul R. Krausman, Shane P. Mahoney, John F. Organ, James Peek, William Porter, John Sandlos, James A. Schaefer

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Land Economics written by Joshua M. Duke and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-05 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land use change is one of the most pervasive socioeconomic forces affecting ecological systems, economic systems, and human wellbeing. This Oxford Handbook draws on recent advances in several economic fields that investigate land use behavior, making this a must-read for those who want to understand the frontier of land economics.

Download or read book Nudging Public Policy written by Rosemarie Fike and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-11-17 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book asks several critical questions relevant to those interested in public policy: What is a nudge? What are the ethical implications of and justifications for nudges? Are we able to have nudges without affecting one’s freedom to choose? In what institutional context are nudges likely to work well and in what context are they likely to fail? The text explores several real-world instances of government attempts at successful choice architecture across a wide range of policy topics: internet privacy laws, environmental policy, education policy, the sharing economy, and creating a national culture. This approach also highlights the spontaneous and evolutionary nature of social institutions like culture and trust. Attempts from policymakers to generate these social institutions where they did not exist previously are unlikely to succeed unless they are aligned with the unique characteristics of the society in question. This raises the question of whether the seemingly successful policy interventions were even necessary. A few of the chapters in this book directly examine these issues through case studies of both Latin America and Singapore. Each chapter in this volume explores the ways in which individuals in society respond to attempts by policymakers to “nudge” them towards a specific outcome. Some chapters explore the theoretical arguments in favor of utilizing this behavioral policy approach. Others explore the feasibility and potential limitations of this approach to public policy. Several of the chapters apply market process theory to understand a particular case study where nudge policies have been put into practice. The chapters, authored by an interdisciplinary group of policy scholars, include discussions of internet privacy laws, the sharing economy, education policy, environmental policy, as well as social issues such as trust and culture.

Download or read book Participation for Sustainability in Trade written by Sophie Thoyer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting extensive new research, this ground-breaking study addresses the critical dimensions of participatory and democratic processes in the field of trade-sustainability relationships and sustainability assessments of trade rules. The specific issues in trade include social and environmental concerns for which there is a wide disparity of preferences and no economic benchmark. The contributors provide analytical responses to questions of how deliberative processes can adequately close the democratic gap in global governance and how institutional reforms can ensure better access to information, transparency, deliberation and more accountability. The book provides the necessary theoretical background as well as case studies to understand these issues and is suitable for students and academics in international law, international relations and economics.

Download or read book Global Environmental Commons written by Eric Brousseau and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an overview of global environmental governance and the effectiveness of different governance mechanisms. Bringing together a broad range of perspectives, it addresses key challenges in contemporary global governance of environmental change.

Download or read book Operations Research Proceedings 1996 written by Uwe Zimmermann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume contains a selection of manuscripts of lectures presented at the International Symposi um on Operations Research (SOR 96). The Symposium took place at the Technical University of Braunschweig, September 3-6, 1996. SOR 96 was organized under the auspices of the two German societies of Operations Research, Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Operations Research (DGOR) and Gesellschaft fur Mathematik, Okonomie and Operations Research (GMOOR) in cooperation with the Working Group Discrete Optimization of the IFIP (WG7.4). Since 1995, DGOR and GMOORjointly prepare the Symposium as a common annual conference. In particular, the annual general meetings of the DGOR, the GMOOR and the WG7.4 took place during the conference. The Symposi~m had 527 participants from 32 countries around the world, including 92 partici pants from Eastern Europe. The Symposium obviously attracts an international audience of workers fully covering the broad spectrum of Operations Research and related areas in economics, mathema tics and computer science. The importance of a highly interdisciplinary field as Operations Research is increasing owing to the growth in applications in related disciplines. Technological advances in computer science and algorithmic mathematics are crucial for attacking the great challenges waiting in the areas of applications of Operations Research effectively. As a participant of SOR 96 one could well observe the current pace of achievements. Many of these results are in these proceedings. The program consisted of two plenary, 17 semiplenary, and 335 contributed lectures in 18 sections.

Download or read book Learning from agri environment schemes in Australia written by Dean Ansell and published by ANU Press. This book was released on 2016-05-10 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learning from agri-environment schemes in Australia is a book about the birds and the beef — more specifically it is about the billions of dollars that governments pay farmers around the world each year to protect and restore biodiversity. After more than two decades of these schemes in Australia, what have we learnt? Are we getting the most out of these investments, and how should we do things differently in the future? Involving contributions from ecologists, economists, social scientists, restoration practitioners and policymakers, this book provides short, engaging chapters that cover a wide spectrum of environmental, agricultural and social issues involved in agri-environment schemes.

Download or read book Organizing Smart Buildings and Cities written by Elisabetta Magnaghi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United Nations included sustainable cities and communities in its 2030 SDGs. Cities and, on a smaller scale, neighborhoods, building managers and firms are now adopting technologies and information systems to help achieve the energy, economic, social and environmental transition. This volume gathers contributions on the key organizational success factors for this transition. To do so, it analyzes the role of information systems, use of data, and technological assistance solutions from multiple perspectives. The goal is to develop a framework that can successfully apply information systems to organizational and environmental issues for smart cities and smart buildings. Accordingly, the book addresses living-lab experiment evaluation techniques, and provides critical analyses of the role of the environment, context and users’ behavioral responses. In addition, it discusses key questions on the efficient management of resources, need for appropriate IT solutions, and employing co-creation with users to improve planning and organization.