Download or read book The Conduct of Linguistic Inquiry written by Rudolf P. Botha and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count written by James W. Pennebaker and published by Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc Incorporated. This book was released on 1999-04-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language, whether spoken or written, is an important window into people's emotional and cognitive worlds. Text analysis of these narratives, focusing on specific words or classes of words, has been used in numerous research studies including studies of emotional, cognitive, structural, and process components of individuals' verbal and written language. It was in this research context that the LIWC program was developed. The program analyzes text files on a word-by-word basis, calculating percentage words that match each of several language dimensions. Its output is a text file that can be opened in any of a variety of applications, including word processors and spreadsheet programs. The program has 68 pre-set dimensions (output variables) including linguistic dimensions, word categories tapping psychological constructs, and personal concern categories, and can accommodate user-defined dimensions as well. Easy to install and use, this software offers researchers in social, personality, clinical, and applied psychology a valuable tool for quantifying the rich but often slippery data provided in the form of personal narratives. The software comes complete on one 31/2 diskette and runs on any Windows-based computer.
Download or read book Questioning Theoretical Primitives in Linguistic Inquiry written by Naomi L. Shin and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the world, professional linguistic inquiry is in full bloom, largely as result of pioneering thinkers who helped rapidly modernize the study of human language in the last century. As the field continues to move forward, further solidifying its position as a conduit of insight into the human condition, it is essential to take stock of the theoretical primitives that have given linguistics its intellectual foundation. This volume does precisely that, inspecting the load-bearing components of the edifice upon which contemporary linguistics has been constructed. The volume’s authors – whose expertise spans the Generativist, Functionalist, and Variationist research traditions – remind us of the need to revisit the conceptual bedrock of the field, clarifying and assessing our primary theoretical moves, including those relating to such elemental components as the ‘linguistic sign’, ‘a language’, ‘structural relations’, ‘grammatical category’, ‘acquisition’, ‘bilingual’, ‘competence’, and ‘sociolinguistic variable’.
Download or read book The Reflexivity of Language and Linguistic Inquiry written by Dorthe Duncker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-11-09 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the reflexivity of language both from the perspective of the lay speaker and the linguistic analyst. Linguistic inquiry is conditional upon linguistic reflexivity, but so is language. Without linguistic reflexivity, we would not be able to make sense of everyday linguistic communication, and the idea of a language would not be conceivable. Not even fundamental notions such as words or meaning would exist. Linguistic reflexivity is a feature of the communication process, and it essentially depends on situated participants and time. It is a defining characteristic of the human language but despite its obvious importance, it is not very well understood theoretically, and it is strangely under-researched empirically. Throughout history and in modern linguistics, it has mostly either been taken for granted, misconstrued, or ignored. Only integrational linguistics fully recognizes its specifically linguistic implications. However, integrational linguistics does not provide the necessary methodological basis for investigating linguistic phenomena empirically. This catch-22 situation means that the goal of the book is twofold: one part is to explore the reflexivity of language theoretically, and the other part is to propose an applied integrational linguistics and to implement this proposal in practice.
Download or read book Composing Questions written by Hadas Kotek and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-02-19 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation of the syntax and semantics of wh-questions through the lens of intervention effects, offering a new proposal on overt and covert wh-movement. In this book, Hadas Kotek investigates the syntax and semantics of wh-questions, offering a new solution to a central question in the study of interrogatives: given that overt wh-movement is cross-linguistically common, is syntactic movement a prerequisite for the interpretation of wh-phrases? Some linguists argue that all wh-phrases undergo movement to interrogative C, even if covertly; others propose mechanisms of in-situ interpretation that do not require any movement. Kotek moves beyond these positions to argue that wh-in-situ does move covertly, but not necessarily to C. Instead, she contends, wh-in-situ undergoes a short movement step akin to covert scrambling. This makes the LF behavior of English parallel to the overt behavior of German. Kotek presents a series of self-paced reading experiments, alongside judgment data from German, to substantiate the idea of covert scrambling. She introduces new diagnostics for the underlying structure of questions, using as a principal tool the distribution of intervention effects. This system allows her to offer the first unified account for a range of phenomena of interrogative syntax-semantics as pied-piping, superiority effects, the cross-linguistically varied syntax of questions, and intervention effects. Kotek develops a theory of interrogative syntax-semantics; studies the phenomena of intervention effects in wh-questions, proposing that the nature of intervention is crucially tied to the availability of wh-movement in a question; and shows that covert wh-movement should be modeled as a short scrambling operation rather than an unbounded, successive-cyclic, and potentially long-distance movement operation.
Download or read book The Great Eskimo Vocabulary Hoax and Other Irreverent Essays on the Study of Language written by Geoffrey K. Pullum and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1991-07-09 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains a collection of twenty-three essays originally appearing in the journal "Natural Language and Linguistic Theory."
Download or read book Linguistic Inquiry written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on current topics in linguistic theory, including new theoretical developments based on the latest international discoveries.
Download or read book Probabilistic Linguistics written by Rens Bod and published by A Bradford Book. This book was released on 2003-04-08 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past forty years, linguistics has been dominated by the idea that language is categorical and linguistic competence discrete. It has become increasingly clear, however, that many levels of representation, from phonemes to sentence structure, show probabilistic properties, as does the language faculty. Probabilistic linguistics conceptualizes categories as distributions and views knowledge of language not as a minimal set of categorical constraints but as a set of gradient rules that may be characterized by a statistical distribution. Whereas categorical approaches focus on the endpoints of distributions of linguistic phenomena, probabilistic approaches focus on the gradient middle ground. Probabilistic linguistics integrates all the progress made by linguistics thus far with a probabilistic perspective. This book presents a comprehensive introduction to probabilistic approaches to linguistic inquiry. It covers the application of probabilistic techniques to phonology, morphology, semantics, syntax, language acquisition, psycholinguistics, historical linguistics, and sociolinguistics. It also includes a tutorial on elementary probability theory and probabilistic grammars.
Download or read book Foundations in Sociolinguistics written by Dell Hymes and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 1974-05 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A highly influential scholar urges that linguistics be studied as part of the entire communicative conduct of social groups and demonstrates the mutual relation between linguistics and other disciplines, such as sociology, social anthropology, and education.
Download or read book A Theory of Indexical Shift written by Amy Rose Deal and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-10-13 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the semantics and syntax of indexical shift that develops a constrained typology of the phenomenon across languages. The phenomenon of indexical shift—whereby indexicals embedded in speech or attitude reports draw their meaning from an attitude event rather than the utterance context—has been reported in languages spanning five continents and at least ten language families. In this book, Amy Rose Deal offers a comprehensive overview of the semantics and syntax of indexical shift and develops a constrained typology of the phenomenon across languages—a picture of variation that is both rich enough to capture the known facts and restrictive enough to make predictions about currently unknown data points. Deal draws on studies of indexical shift in a broad range of languages, focusing especially on Nez Perce, Zazaki, Korean, and Uyghur. Using new data from fieldwork, Deal presents an in-depth case study of indexical shift in the Nez Perce language, and uses this evidence to propose a novel theoretical approach based on the meaning and grammar of shifty operators. She explores several dimensions of variation related to indexical shift across and within languages, showing how the cross-linguistic patterns can be explained (and constrained) within the shifty operator view. Finally, she contrasts indexical shift with surface-similar phenomena, clarifying the controls needed to test the constrained typology on new data sets.
Download or read book The empirical base of linguistics written by Carson T. Schütze and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2015-12-24 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout much of the history of linguistics, grammaticality judgments - intuitions about the well-formedness of sentences - have constituted most of the empirical base against which theoretical hypothesis have been tested. Although such judgments often rest on subtle intuitions, there is no systematic methodology for eliciting them, and their apparent instability and unreliability have led many to conclude that they should be abandoned as a source of data. Carson T. Schütze presents here a detailed critical overview of the vast literature on the nature and utility of grammaticality judgments and other linguistic intuitions, and the ways they have been used in linguistic research. He shows how variation in the judgment process can arise from factors such as biological, cognitive, and social differences among subjects, the particular elicitation method used, and extraneous features of the materials being judged. He then assesses the status of judgments as reliable indicators of a speaker's grammar. Integrating substantive and methodological findings, Schütze proposes a model in which grammaticality judgments result from interaction of linguistic competence with general cognitive processes. He argues that this model provides the underpinning for empirical arguments to show that once extragrammatical variance is factored out, universal grammar succumbs to a simpler, more elegant analysis than judgment data initially lead us to expect. Finally, Schütze offers numerous practical suggestions on how to collect better and more useful data. The result is a work of vital importance that will be required reading for linguists, cognitive psychologists, and philosophers of language alike.
Download or read book Jokes and the Linguistic Mind written by Debra Aarons and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-02-27 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through the lens of cognitive science, Jokes and the Linguistic Mind investigates jokes that play on some aspect of the structure and function of language. In so doing, Debra Aarons shows that these 'linguistic jokes' can evoke our tacit knowledge of the language we use. Analyzing hilarious examples from movies, plays and books, Jokes and the Linguistic Mind demonstrates that tacit linguistic knowledge must become conscious for linguistic jokes to be understood. The book examines jokes that exploit pragmatic, semantic, morphological, phonological and semantic features of language, as well as jokes that use more than one language and jokes that are about language itself. Additionally, the text explores the relationship between cryptic crossword clues and linguistic jokes in order to demonstrate the difference between tacit knowledge of language and rules of language use that are articulated for a particular purpose. With its use of jokes as data and its highly accessible explanations of complex linguistic concepts, this book is an engaging supplementary text for introductory courses in linguistics, psycholinguistics and cognitive science. It will also be of interest to scholars in translation studies, applied linguistics and philosophy of language.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 10th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics written by Dawn Bates and published by Center for the Study of Language (CSLI). This book was released on 1992 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forty-one papers from the 1991 West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics are included. The papers deal with diverse topics ranging from the traditional linguistic fields of phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics to the rapidly developing areas of cognitive and discourse linguistics.
Download or read book On Teacher Inquiry written by Dixie Goswami and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Teacher Inquiry could be read as an answer to the question, “Teacher research: What’s in it for the students?” This book offers a framework, examples, and practical guidelines for teacher researchers on how to design and conduct individual and collaborative inquiries that build new knowledge and theories about teaching and learning. “What a jewel of a book!” —Ann Lieberman, Senior Scholar at Stanford University “On Teacher Inquiry is for those who cherish what the editors call ‘the habit of inquiry’ because they understand that teaching is always about learning, both theirs’ and their students’.” —Sonia Nieto, Professor Emerita, University of Massachusetts, Amherst “Bringing to life what it means to create a web of meaning for students and collaborative learning communities for teachers, the book portrays how teacher research fosters both reflective teaching and affirmative experiences for diverse students.” —Ann Lewin-Benham, author of Powerful Children “Teacher researchers have long endeavored to bring the heartbeats and breathing of living classrooms to the educational community. This volume continues in that great tradition.” —Bob Fecho, University of Georgia “Both as a resource for those new to teacher inquiry and for the more experienced, the book makes a very important contribution to this exceptional series.” —Susan L. Lytle, Founding Director, Philadelphia Writing Project, Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania
Download or read book Philosophy of Linguistics written by Ruth M. Kempson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-04-20 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Philosophy of linguistics' investigates the foundational concepts and methods of linguistics, the scientific study of human language. It brings together philosophers, scientists and historians to map out both the basic assumptions set during the second half of the last century and the unfolding shifts in perspective in which more functionalist perspectives are explored.
Download or read book Twentieth Century Conceptions of Language written by Rudolf P. Botha and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1993-01-04 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How linguists, philosophers and psychologists view the essence of language Since scholars study the conceptions of language, Twentieth Century Conceptions of Language, provides analysis of these conceptions, including identifying their issues and merits. The book touches on the thinking of a range of notable linguists, philosophers and psychologists, including Bloomfield, Chomsky, Dummett, Fodor, Katz, Labov, Popper, Quine, Sapir, Saussure, Skinner and Wittgenstein.
Download or read book Unravelling the Evolution of Language written by Rudolf P. Botha and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-11-22 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What blocks the way to a better understanding of language evolution, it is widely held, is above all a paucity of factual evidence. Not so, argues Unravelling the Evolution of Language. This book finds the main obstacle, instead, in a poverty of a specific kind of theory—restrictive theory. It shows, too, that this poverty of restrictive theory is one of the root causes of the paucity of factual evidence. "Unravelling"...takes it that a theory of a thing T—for example, language—is restrictive if it gives us a basis for distinguishing T in a non-arbitrary way from all things that are in fact distinct from it, including those that happen to be related to it. The book then argues in detail that much of the recent work on language evolution proceeds from loose assumptions, rather than restrictive theories, about a number of crucial "things": The entities, prelinguistic or linguistic, that are believed to have undergone evolution; the processes by which these entities are believed to have evolved; the ways in which these (pre)linguistic entities link up with entities that are believed to be correlates of them; the sources of data that are believed to yield indirect evidence about the evolution of language; and the factors that add to or subtract from the scientific substance of accounts of language evolution. In support of its main argument, Unravelling the Evolution of Language puts forward detailed analyses of various recent accounts of language evolution, including co-optationist accounts by Noam Chomsky, Stephen Jay Gould, Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini and Lyle Jenkins preadaptationist accounts by Philip Lieberman, Wendy Wilkins, Jenny Wakefield, Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy, William Calvin and Derek Bickerton adaptationist accounts by Steven Pinker, Paul Bloom and others. This means that Unravelling...as it builds its main argument, also offers an appraisal of some significant contributions to recent work on language evolution.
