Download or read book The Conceptual Metaphor Expression Mechanism of the Government s Important Attitude and Its English Translation Research written by 文静李 and published by . This book was released on 2022-11-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Conceptual Metaphor Expression Mechanism of the Government s Important Attitude and Its English Translation Research written by Wenjing Li and published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA. This book was released on 2022-11-23 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 本文旨在基于回答以下三个问题来探寻中国政治语篇中概念隐喻的最佳翻译路径：(1) 《报告》运用了几种类型的概念隐喻？各种类型概念隐喻出现频次是多少？(2) 《报告》中的概念隐喻是如何实现跨域映射的？(3)《报告》英文版针对概念隐喻采取了哪些翻译方法？哪些影响因素决定了概念隐喻翻译方法的选择？为回答以上问题，本文以新华社发布的《十九大报告》中英文版本为语料，自建成32694 字的小型语料库。基于概念隐喻理论和纽马克翻译理论，本文采用MIP (隐喻识别程序)统计了《十九大报告》中典型的概念隐喻类别、出现频次，探讨了几种主要的概念隐喻类型实现跨域映射的方式。此外，研究了英文版中所采用的翻译方法以及可能影响翻译方法选择的因素。
Download or read book Metaphor and Culture written by Katharina Eder and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-05 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1, University of Vienna (Anglistik), language: English, abstract: The main questions that arise given this way of thinking about the connection between metaphor and culture are on the one hand "To what extent do people share their metaphors?", which at first seemingly trivial becomes much more significant and interesting if we ourselves "To what extent do people around the world share their understandings of images and aspects of the world they live in?". These questions are of particular interest to me, and were decisive for me regarding the selection of the topic of this paper. In fact, the field of "Metaphor and Culture" comprises many subtopics, such as for instance "Universality in Metaphorical Conceptualization", "Cross-Cultural and Within-Cultural Variation in Metaphor", "Conceptual Metaphors and Their Linguistic Expression in Different Languages", "Metaphor and Cultural Models", or "The Causes of Metaphor Variation". Since I did not want to be too general in this paper, and also wanted to give insight into some practical aspects of the topic, I decided to concentrate on a two specific "subtopics", and deal with them in greater detail. In the first part, the paper will shed light on a study by Talebinejad & Dastjerdi ́s (2005), who chose animal metaphors for the comparison in two typologically different languages, namely English and Persian. The second part of this paper will address the "Causes of Variation in Metaphor", whereas the focus lies exclusively on the field of "Differential Experience".
Download or read book The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor written by Ning Yu and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998-07-15 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comparative study of Chinese and English metaphor contributes to the search for metaphoric universals by placing the contemporary theory of metaphor in a broad cross-linguistic and cross-cultural perspective. The author explores to what degree abstract reasoning is metaphorical and which conceptual metaphors are culture specific, wide spread or universal in a cognitive and cultural context. The empirical studies presented reinforce the view that metaphor is the main mechanism through which abstract concepts are comprehended and abstract reasoning is performed. They also support, from the perspective of Chinese, the candidacy of some conceptual metaphors for metaphorical universals. These include, for instance, the ANGER IS HEAT metaphor, the HAPPY IS UP metaphor (emotions), the TIME AS SPACE metaphor, and the Event Structure Metaphor. It seems that these conceptual metaphors are grounded in some basic human experiences that may be universal to all human beings.
Download or read book Metaphor across Time and Conceptual Space written by James J. Mischler, III and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2013-09-18 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary linguistic forms are partially the product of their historical antecedents, and the same is true for cognitive conceptualization. The book presents the results of several diachronic corpus studies of conceptual metaphor in a longitudinal and empirical “mixed methods” design, employing both quantitative and qualitative analysis measures; the study design was informed by usage-based theory. The goal was to investigate the interaction over time between conceptualization and cultural models in historical English-speaking society. The main study of two linguistic metaphors of anger spans five centuries (A.D. 1500 to 1990). The results show that conceptualization and cultural models—understood as non-autonomous, encyclopedic knowledge—work together to determine both the meaning and use of a linguistic metaphor. In addition, historically a wide variety of emotion concepts formed a complex cognitive array called the Domain Matrix of emotion. The implications for conceptual metaphor theory, research methodology, and future study are discussed in detail.
Download or read book Metaphors of War in English and Polish Political Discourse written by Anika Grudziak and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2023-08-17 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2023 in the subject Communications - Intercultural Communication, grade: 2, Kozminski University, language: English, abstract: This thesis provides an analysis of the use of metaphorical expressions concerning war in political discourse from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. It is divided into three chapters. The aim of the first chapter is to present the theoretical framework for the practical part of the thesis. It begins with pivotal theories and concepts behind metaphors and their importance for not only the language but also the world around. In this section, first, a definition of metaphor and some key concepts concerning metaphor such as conceptual metaphor, structural metaphor, conventional metaphor and the scope of metaphor will be illustrated one by one in detail. Among numerous definitions of the phenomenon suggested by scholars, only those capturing peculiar traits of metaphor will be presented. Secondly, metaphor will be characterized as a basic and crucial mean of communication, for both laypersons and professionals. Chapter two is devoted to the presentation of researches on metaphor in political discourse. As first, the theories on metaphor and its function in political discourse will be described. Although recognized and acknowledged, the omnipresence of metaphor in political discourse raises a question of its function. The following chapter is an individualistic attempt to answer the following question: is metaphor construed as an ornamental figure of speech or symbolic trope, or does it influence the way political issues are comprehended and evaluated? Political discourse is driven by underlying conceptual metaphors deeply rooted in the ideology and cultural environment of the speaker. The more distant the object, the more important the vehicle of comprehension metaphor is. Chapter three analyzes metaphorical expressions of war in political discourse using cognitive linguistics. It studies data from Polish and English politicians' public addresses, revealing mappings between WAR and politics. This metaphor is deeply ingrained in citizens' minds, readily applied due to its association with conflicts among groups in politics.
Download or read book Metaphor and Philosophy written by Mark Johnson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-06-23 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last 15 years, cognitive scientists have discovered things about the nature and importance of metaphor that are startling because of their radical implications for metaphor research and because they require us to rethink some of our most fundamental received notions of meaning, concepts, and reason. Many of the theoretical assumptions that guided earlier generations who worked on metaphor have been undermined by this new research, which has profound implications for philosophy. More specifically, the level of methodological sophistication of empirical studies of metaphor has increased markedly, making possible rigorous, detailed analyses of how metaphors actually structure conceptualization and reasoning. In addition, professionals have learned that metaphor is not merely a linguistic phenomenon but more fundamentally a conceptual and experiential process that structures the world. The articles in this special issue make significant contributions to these advances.
Download or read book Political Language and Metaphor written by Terrell Carver and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-03-04 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until a century ago, a metaphor was just a mere figure of speech, but since the development of discourse analysis a metaphor has become more than merely incidental to the content of the arguments or findings. Students and scholars in political studies know the importance of metaphors in electoral and policy-related politics, coming across metaphors that are, knowingly or unknowingly, influencing our perception of politics. This book is the first to develop new methodological approaches to understand and analyse the use of metaphor in political science and international relations. It does this by: Combining theory with case studies in order to advance substantive work in politics and international relations that focuses on metaphor Expands the range of empirical case studies that employ this category descriptively and also in explanatory logic Advances research that investigates the role of metaphor in empirical and discourse-based methodologies, thus building on results from other disciplines, notably linguistics and hermeneutic philosophy. This innovative study will be of interest to students and researchers of politics, international relations and communication studies.
Download or read book Revisiting Metaphors in International Relations Theory written by Michael P. Marks and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-08 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an analysis of how metaphors are essential elements in the study of international relations. It acknowledges the fact that theory and practice in international relations often rest on common metaphorical concepts which have implications for the ways people around the world pursue their lives. Because of the increased attention metaphors have received as integral elements in political discourse, there is a need to investigate metaphorical concepts that are not neutral in their implications for understanding international relations. Inasmuch as government policy is shaped by metaphorical concepts that originate in the academic realm, and given that scholarly works are therefore partially involved in inspiring policy, the author subjects a range of metaphors in international relations theory to critical interrogation.
Download or read book Cultural Metaphors written by Martin J. Gannon and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2001 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The often-overlooked views of political scientists and journalists who conceive of the world in terms of zero-sum games are explored, as are the issues of the symbolism associated with cultural metaphors. The book concludes with a description of specific uses of cultural metaphors or metaphorical applications."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Researching and Applying Metaphor in the Real World written by Graham Low and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10-13 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become increasingly clear that metaphor needs to be explored in terms of the social and discourse context in which it is used, especially where the aim is to address real-world problems. The notion of 'real world' metaphor research has been developed to describe this important area of investigation. This book starts by describing the nature and scope of real world metaphor research and then illustrates, through 17 detailed, mainly empirically-based studies, the different areas it can apply to, and different methodologies that can be employed. Research problems are explored in areas such as artificial intelligence, language teaching and learning, reconciliation dialogue, university lecture discourse, poetry and wine description. Methods include corpus analysis, experimentation, discourse analysis, cross-cultural analysis and genre analysis. In each case the empirical studies refer back to Gibbs's opening overview of real-world research. The result is an invaluable and cross-referenced collection of papers addressing real-world problems.
Download or read book Metaphor and Political Discourse written by A. Musolff and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-08-04 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Far from being rhetorical ornaments, metaphors play a central role in public discourse, as they shape the structure of political categorisation and argumentation. Drawing on a very large bilingual corpus, this book, now in paperback, analyses the distribution of 'metaphor scenarios' in more than a decade of public discourse on European integration, elucidating differences in UK and German attitudes and argumentation. The corpus analysis leads to a refinement of cognitive metaphor theory by systematically relating conceptual, semantic and argumentation levels and incorporating the historical dimension of metaphor evolution. Finally, drawing on examples of metaphor negotiation and on a reassessment of Hobbes' concept of metaphor in Leviathan, the book highlights the ethical dimension of metaphor in politics.
Download or read book Where Metaphors Come From written by Zoltán Kövecses and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Where Metaphors Come From, Zoltán Kövecses proposes a metaphorical grounding that augments and refines conceptual metaphor theory according to which conceptual metaphors are based on our bodily experience. While this is certainly true in many cases of metaphor, the role of the body in metaphor creation can and should be reinterpreted, and, consequently, the body can be seen as just one of the several contexts from which metaphors can emerge (including the situational, discourse, and conceptual-cognitive contexts) - although perhaps the dominant or crucial one. Kövecses is a leader in CMT, and his argument in this book is more in line with what has been discovered about the nature of human cognition in recent years; namely, that human cognition is grounded in experience in multiple ways - embodiment, in a strict sense, being just one of them (see Barsalou, 2008; Gibbs, 2006; Pecher and Zwaan, 2005). In light of the present work, this is because cognition, including metaphorical cognition, is grounded in not only the body, but also in the situations in which people act and lead their lives, the discourses in which they are engaged at any time in communicating and interacting with each other, and the conceptual knowledge they have accumulated about the world in the course of their experience of it.
Download or read book Drawing Attention to Metaphor written by Camilla Di Biase-Dyson and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The communicative act of drawing attention to metaphor is a relatively recent topic in metaphor studies and one that has remained contentious from a cognitive perspective. This book brings philologists of ancient languages together with metaphor experts from several modalities to interrogate whether ancient and modern texts and languages draw attention to figurative tropes in similar ways. In this way, the diachronic, multimodal and pluridisciplinary contributions to this volume critically review the theoretical frameworks underpinning metaphor marking and metaphor analysis from a completely new empirical basis.
Download or read book Metaphors for Learning written by Erich A. Berendt and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008-03-13 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Contemporary Metaphor Theory (CMT) research has predominantly focused on the English language with few studies of others and even less systematic comparative work. This volume focuses on the discourse domain of LEARNING (formal, technical and informal aspects) and brings together a variety of language perspectives, some specifically comparative, on aspects of learning from historical transformations in metaphoric language use through contemporary social values and classroom discourse to planning for the future in educational policy to see how conceptual metaphoric patterns and conventional metaphors with related figurative language impact on social values and culturally conditioned perspectives in learning. Most papers reflect Lakoffian conceptual metaphoric research including critical evaluation of analytical issues. Languages included are Arabic, Chinese, English, Hungarian, Japanese, Malay, Polish, Russian and the South African language area. Most papers utilize extensive data including such genre as technical writing, essays, conversational interaction, newspaper corpus and proverbs.
Download or read book Finding Metaphor in Grammar and Usage written by Gerard Steen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive linguists have proposed that metaphor is not just a matter of language but of thought, and that metaphorical thought displays a high degree of conventionalization. In order to produce converging evidence for this theory of metaphor, a wide range of data is currently being studied with a large array of methods and techniques. Finding Metaphor in Grammar and Usage aims to map the field of this development in theory and research from a methodological perspective. It raises the question when exactly evidence for metaphor in language and thought can be said to count as converging. It also goes into the various stages of producing such evidence (conceptualization, operationalization, data collection and analysis, and interpretation). The book offers systematic discussion of eight distinct areas of metaphor research that emerge as a result of approaching metaphor as part of grammar or usage, language or thought, and symbolic structure or cognitive process.
Download or read book Decoding Political Discourse written by Maria-Ionela Neagu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-02-06 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth look into the cognitive and argumentative nature of political discourse with a focus on the role and place of conceptual metaphors in practical argumentation. Neagu's empirical investigation centres on the corpus of the American Presidential debates in 2008 and speeches by Barack Obama from 2009-2011.
