Download or read book The Complexity of Proceduralized Tasks written by Jinkyun Park and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-17 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We think we have scientific knowledge when we know the cause. (Aristotle, Posterior Analytics Book II, Part 11) About 12 years ago, when I was a graduate student, many people were concerned about my Ph. D. topic – investigating the effect of the complexity of procedu- lized tasks on the performance of human operators working in nuclear power plants. Although they agreed with the fact that procedures (especially emergency operating procedures) play a crucial role in securing the safety of nuclear power plants, it was amazing that most of them pointed out a very similar issue: “I cannot understand why operating personnel see any difficulty (or complexity) in condu- ing procedures, because all that they have to do is to follow a simple IF-THEN- ELSE rule as written. ” Actually, this issue is closely related to one of the main questions I was recently asked, such as “Don’t you think your work is too acad- ic to apply to actual procedures?” or “I guess we don’t need to consider the c- plexity of procedures, because we can develop a good procedure using many pr- tical procedure writers’ guidelines. Then what is the real contribution of your work?” I absolutely agree with the latter comment. Yes, we can develop a good pro- dure with the support of many practical and excellent guidelines.

Download or read book Procedural and declarative information in software manuals written by Nicole Ummelen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-05-20 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People who use software manuals want to get something done. Procedural information directly supports this goal, but the use of declarative information in manuals has often been under discussion. Current research gives rise to the expectation that manual users tend to skip declarative information most of the time. Also, no effects of declarative information in software manuals have yet been found. In this study, information use and information effects in software manuals are investigated in three experiments, thereby taking different user types, different task types and different information arrangements into account. A new technique was applied: the click&read method. This technique enables the software user to use the manual and carry out software tasks at the same time while information selection and times are recorded automatically in logfiles. For the first time, quantitative data are presented about the amounts of procedural and declarative information that were selected and the times that were spent using these information types. Although procedural information is selected more often and used longer, declarative information appears to be a substantial part of the information selection. Moreover, the results show that using declarative information positively affects performance on future tasks, performance on reasoning tasks and factual knowledge.

Download or read book Internationalization Design and Global Development written by P.L.Patrick Rau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Internationalization, Design and Global Development, IDGD 2011, held in Orlando, FL, USA, in July 2011 in the framework of the 14th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2011. The 71 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers accepted for presentation thoroughly cover the entire field of internationalization, design and global development and address the following major topics: Cultural and cross-cultural design, culture and usability, design, emotion, trust and aesthetics, cultural issues in business and industry, culture, communication and society.

Download or read book Inside Multi Media Case Based Instruction written by Roger C. Schank and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth in the Inside series, this volume includes four theses completed under the editor's direction at the Institute for the Learning Sciences at Northwestern University. This series bridges the gap between Schank's books introducing (for a popular audience) the theories behind his work in artificial intelligence (AI) and the many articles and books written by Schank and other AI researchers for their colleagues and students. The series will be of interest to graduate students in AI and professionals in other academic fields who seek the retraining necessary to join the AI effort or to understand it at the professional level. This volume elaborates the Case-Based Teaching Architecture. A central tenet of this architecture is the importance of acquiring cases, and being able to retrieve and use those cases to solve new problems. The theses address the problems of building case bases, indexing large amounts of data contained within those case bases, and retrieving information on a need-to-know basis. They also reflect the work of researchers at the Institute to design tools that enable software programs to be built more effectively and efficiently.

Download or read book Application of Systemic Structural Activity Theory to Design and Training written by Gregory Z. Bedny and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers analytical methods for studying human work in ergonomics and psychology that are similar to ones utilized by the engineering sciences. SSAT offers not only new qualitative but also formalized and quantitative methods of analysis. This book will describe quantitative methods of task complexity and reliability assessment, application

Download or read book Self Regulation in Activity Theory written by Gregory Z. Bedny and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every complex human-machine system includes a computer as a critically important means of work. However, an operator's interaction with a computerized system cannot be reduced to only performing computer-based tasks. Today human-computer interaction (HCI) is not limited to trained software users. People of all ages use all different kinds of gadget

Download or read book Advances in Usability and User Experience written by Tareq Ahram and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-12 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on emerging issues in usability, interface design, human–computer interaction, user experience and assistive technology. It highlights research aimed at understanding human interaction with products, services and systems, and focuses on finding effective approaches for improving user experience. It also discusses key issues in designing and providing assistive devices and services to individuals with disabilities or impairment, to assist mobility, communication, positioning, environmental control and daily living. The book covers modelling as well as innovative design concepts, with a special emphasis on user-centered design, and design for specific populations, particularly the elderly. Virtual reality, digital environments, heuristic evaluation and forms of device interface feedback of (e.g. visual and haptic) are also among the topics covered. Based on the both the AHFE 2019 Conference on Usability & User Experience and the AHFE 2019 Conference on Human Factors and Assistive Technology, held on July 24-28, 2019, Washington D.C., USA, this book reports on cutting-edge findings, research methods and user-centred evaluation approaches.

Download or read book Handbook of Safety Principles written by Niklas Möller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-01-04 with total page 830 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents recent breakthroughs in the theory, methods, and applications of safety and risk analysis for safety engineers, risk analysts, and policy makers Safety principles are paramount to addressing structured handling of safety concerns in all technological systems. This handbook captures and discusses the multitude of safety principles in a practical and applicable manner. It is organized by five overarching categories of safety principles: Safety Reserves; Information and Control; Demonstrability; Optimization; and Organizational Principles and Practices. With a focus on the structured treatment of a large number of safety principles relevant to all related fields, each chapter defines the principle in question and discusses its application as well as how it relates to other principles and terms. This treatment includes the history, the underlying theory, and the limitations and criticism of the principle. Several chapters also problematize and critically discuss the very concept of a safety principle. The book treats issues such as: What are safety principles and what roles do they have? What kinds of safety principles are there? When, if ever, should rules and principles be disobeyed? How do safety principles relate to the law; what is the status of principles in different domains? The book also features: • Insights from leading international experts on safety and reliability • Real-world applications and case studies including systems usability, verification and validation, human reliability, and safety barriers • Different taxonomies for how safety principles are categorized • Breakthroughs in safety and risk science that can significantly change, improve, and inform important practical decisions • A structured treatment of safety principles relevant to numerous disciplines and application areas in industry and other sectors of society • Comprehensive and practical coverage of the multitude of safety principles including maintenance optimization, substitution, safety automation, risk communication, precautionary approaches, non-quantitative safety analysis, safety culture, and many others The Handbook of Safety Principles is an ideal reference and resource for professionals engaged in risk and safety analysis and research. This book is also appropriate as a graduate and PhD-level textbook for courses in risk and safety analysis, reliability, safety engineering, and risk management offered within mathematics, operations research, and engineering departments. NIKLAS MÖLLER, PhD, is Associate Professor at the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden. The author of approximately 20 international journal articles, Dr. Möller's research interests include the philosophy of risk, metaethics, philosophy of science, and epistemology. SVEN OVE HANSSON, PhD, is Professor of Philosophy at the Royal Institute of Technology. He has authored over 300 articles in international journals and is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences. Dr. Hansson is also a Topical Editor for the Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science. JAN-ERIK HOLMBERG, PhD, is Senior Consultant at Risk Pilot AB and Adjunct Professor of Probabilistic Riskand Safety Analysis at the Royal Institute of Technology. Dr. Holmberg received his PhD in Applied Mathematics from Helsinki University of Technology in 1997. CARL ROLLENHAGEN, PhD, is Adjunct Professor of Risk and Safety at the Royal Institute of Technology. Dr. Rollenhagen has performed extensive research in the field of human factors and MTO (Man, Technology, and Organization) with a specific emphasis on safety culture and climate, event investigation methods, and organizational safety assessment.

Download or read book Proceedings on 18th International Conference on Industrial Systems IS 20 written by Bojan Lalic and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-23 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes theoretically developed and practically tested solutions for manufacturing and business improvements achieved in the period between two conferences. It enables presentation of new knowledge and exchange of practical experience in industrial systems engineering and management. It brings together prominent researchers and practitioners from faculties, scientific institutes, and different enterprises or other organizations .This is the 18th edition of the conference. The Department of Industrial Engineering and Management at the Faculty of Technical Sciences in Novi Sad organizes a scientific conference on industrial systems engineering and management field of science and practice, once in three years.

Download or read book Learning Language through Task Repetition written by Martin Bygate and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2018-09-15 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After more than 20 years of research, this is the first book-length treatment of second language task repetition – the repetition of encounters with a task that involve re-using the same content with the same overall purpose. The topic links task performance with the growing mastery of both the task and of relevant language, and constitutes a site with special potential to promote learning within and across language lessons, and for preparing students for assessment and of course real-world language performance. The volume assembles chapters that complement each other in interesting ways: significant background reviews, studies of patterns of change across task repetition iterations, and reports on the use and nature of task repetition in language classes in on-going programmes. Contributors draw on a variety of interpretive frameworks and report from a range of language educational contexts. The volume will be of interest to language researchers, teacher educators, teachers, and students, as well as others interested in the contribution of task repetition to learning.

Download or read book Designing Training and Instructional Programs for Older Adults written by Sara J. Czaja and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current and emerging trends in the domains of health management and the work sector, the abundance of new consumer products pervading the marketplace, and the desires of many older adults to undertake new learning experiences means that older adults, like their younger counterparts, will need to continually engage in new learning and training. Thus

Download or read book Intelligent Tutoring Systems written by Claude Frasson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-05-27 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the Encyclopaedia offers a systematic introduction and a comprehensive survey of the theory of complex spaces. It covers topics like semi-normal complex spaces, cohomology, the Levi problem, q-convexity and q-concavity. It is the first survey of this kind. The authors are internationally known outstanding experts who developed substantial parts of the field. The book contains seven chapters and an introduction written by Remmert, describing the history of the subject. The book will be very useful to graduate students and researchers in complex analysis, algebraic geometry and differential geometry. Another group of readers will consist of mathematical physicists who apply results from these fields.

Download or read book Complex System Reliability written by Albert Myers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complex System Reliability presents a state-of-the-art treatment of complex multi-channel system reliability assessment and provides the requisite tools, techniques and algorithms required for designing, evaluating and optimizing ultra-reliable redundant systems. Critical topics that make Complex System Reliability a unique and definitive resource include: • redundant system analysis for k-out-of-n systems (including complex systems with embedded k-out-of-n structures) involving both perfect and imperfect fault coverage; • imperfect fault coverage analysis techniques, including algorithms for assessing the reliability of redundant systems in which each element is subject to a given coverage value (element level coverage) or in which the system uses voting to avoid the effects of a failed element (fault level coverage); and • state-of-the-art binary decision diagram analysis techniques, including the latest and most efficient algorithms for the reliability assessment of large, complex redundant systems. This practical presentation includes numerous fully worked examples that provide detailed explanations of both the underlying design principles and the techniques (such as combinatorial, recursive and binary decision diagram algorithms) used to obtain quantitative results. Many of the worked examples are based on the design of modern digital fly-by-wire control system technology. Complex System Reliability provides in-depth coverage of systems subject to either perfect or imperfect fault coverage and also the most recent techniques for correctly assessing the reliability of redundant systems that use mid-value-select voting as their primary means of redundancy management. It is a valuable resource for those involved in the design and reliability assessment of highly reliable systems, particularly in the aerospace and automotive sectors.

Download or read book Work Activity Studies Within the Framework of Ergonomics Psychology and Economics written by Gregory Z. Bedny and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systemic-structural activity theory (SSAT), founded by Gregory Bedny, is a relatively new unified framework for the study of efficiency of human performance, equipment, and software design. This book presents new recently obtained data in the field of SSAT that can be used in the study of efficiency and complexity of human performance. With increased cognitive demands to task performance, psychological methods of study of human activity play an important role. New principles and revised methods for the study of human work are supplemented by practical examples in manufacturing, construction industry, aviation, and human-computer interaction. Features: Presents new SSAT data Offers, for the first time, comparative analysis of studying efficiency and productivity from the perspective of ergonomics, psychology, and economics Includes examples of evaluation of economic efficiency of ergonomic innovations Provides advanced self-regulative models of activity and of all cognitive processes that describe strategies of task performance Introduces a new efficient method of morphological and analytical quantitative analysis Discusses new methods of evaluation of complexity and reliability of highly variable computerized and computer-based tasks Work Activity Studies Within the Framework of Ergonomics, Psychology, and Economics presents a comprehensive unified psychological theory that can be utilized as a general approach to the study of human activity not only for ergonomists and psychologists, but also for economists that study the efficiency of human performance.

Download or read book Task Analysis Methods for Instructional Design written by David H. Jonassen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1998-10-01 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Task Analysis Methods for Instructional Design is a handbook of task analysis and knowledge elicitation methods that can be used for designing direct instruction, performance support, and learner-centered learning environments. To design any kind of instruction, it is necessary to articulate a model of how learners should think and perform. This book provides descriptions and examples of five different kinds of task analysis methods: *job/behavioral analysis; *learning analysis; *cognitive task analysis; *activity-based analysis methods; and *subject matter analysis. Chapters follow a standard format making them useful for reference, instruction, or performance support.

Download or read book Business Process Change written by Paul Harmon and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2014-04-26 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Business Process Change, 3rd Edition provides a balanced view of the field of business process change. Bestselling author Paul Harmon offers concepts, methods, cases for all aspects and phases of successful business process improvement. Updated and added for this edition is new material on the development of business models and business process architecture development, on integrating decision management models and business rules, on service processes and on dynamic case management, and on integrating various approaches in a broad business process management approach. New to this edition: - How to develop business models and business process architecture - How to integrate decision management models and business rules - New material on service processes and on dynamic case management - Learn to integrate various approaches in a broad business process management approach - Extensive revision and update addresses Business Process Management Systems, and the integration of process redesign and Six Sigma - Learn how all the different process elements fit together in this best first book on business process, now completely updated - Tailor the presented methodology, which is based on best practices, to your organization's specific needs - Understand the human aspects of process redesign - Benefit from all new detailed case studies showing how these methods are implemented

Download or read book Conscious and Unconscious Programs in the Brain written by Benjamin Kissin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For almost a century now, since Freud described the basic motivations and Pavlov the basic mechanisms of human behavior, we have had a reasonable concept of the forces that drive us. Only recently have we gained any real insight into how the brain really works to produce such behavior. The new developments in cognitive psychology and neuroscience have taught us things about the function of the brain that would have been inconceivable even ten years ago. Yet, there still remains a tremendous gap between the two studies-human behavior and brain function-a gap which often seems irrec oncilable in view of the basic differences in the methodologies and approaches of the two fields. Students of behavior are frequently disinterested in the underlying neu rophysiology while neurophysiologists tend to consider the concepts of psychiatrists and clinical psychologists too vague and theoretical to be applicable to their own more limited schemata. Several valiant attempts have been made by experimentalists to develop a theoretical context in which behavior is described, not separately from brain function but rather as its direct outgrowth. This present work is still another attempt to develop a theoretical system which, given the limitations of our present knowledge, as completely as possible, the underlying brain mechanisms that influ will describe ence and determine human behavior. The main emphasis of this work, however, will be not on normal behavior but rather on more neurotic manifestations.