Download or read book The Cistercians in the County of Toulouse written by Constance Hoffman Berman and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cistercians in the County of Toulouse written by Constance Hoffman Berman and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cistercians in the County of Toulouse written by Constance H. Berman and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cistercian Evolution written by Constance Hoffman Berman and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2010-08-03 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the received history, the Cistercian order was founded in Cîteaux, France, in 1098 by a group of Benedictine monks who wished for a stricter community. They sought a monastic life that called for extreme asceticism, rejection of feudal revenues, and manual labor for monks. Their third leader, Stephen Harding, issued a constitution, the Carta Caritatis, that called for the uniformity of custom in all Cistercian monasteries and the establishment of an annual general chapter meeting at Cîteaux. The Cistercian order grew phenomenally in the mid-twelfth century, reaching beyond France to Portugal in the west, Sweden in the north, and the eastern Mediterranean, ostensibly through a process of apostolic gestation, whereby members of a motherhouse would go forth to establish a new house. The abbey at Clairvaux, founded by Bernard in 1115, was alone responsible for founding 68 of the 338 Cistercian abbeys in existence by 1153. But this well-established view of a centrally organized order whose founders envisioned the shape and form of a religious order at its prime is not borne out in the historical record. Through an investigation of early Cistercian documents, Constance Hoffman Berman proves that no reliable reference to Stephen's Carta Caritatis appears before the mid-twelfth century, and that the document is more likely to date from 1165 than from 1119. The implications of this fact are profound. Instead of being a charter by which more than 300 Cistercian houses were set up by a central authority, the document becomes a means of bringing under centralized administrative control a large number of loosely affiliated and already existing monastic houses of monks as well as nuns who shared Cistercian customs. The likely reason for this administrative structuring was to check the influence of the overdominant house of Clairvaux, which threatened the authority of Cîteaux through Bernard's highly successful creation of new monastic communities. For centuries the growth of the Cistercian order has been presented as a spontaneous spirituality that swept western Europe through the power of the first house at Cîteaux. Berman suggests instead that the creation of the religious order was a collaborative activity, less driven by centralized institutions; its formation was intended to solve practical problems about monastic administration. With the publication of The Cistercian Evolution, for the first time the mechanisms are revealed by which the monks of Cîteaux reshaped fact to build and administer one of the most powerful and influential religious orders of the Middle Ages.
Download or read book Cistercians Heresy and Crusade in Occitania 1145 1229 written by Beverly Mayne Kienzle and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2001 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The present book examines this important but little-studied aspect of Cistercian history to probe how and why the Order undertook endeavours that drew the monks outside their monastic vocation. The analysis of texts about the preaching campaigns, and of their contexts, seeks to retrieve the role of preaching and to reconstruct what was preached in the light of its historical and specifically monastic context. Monastic texts and their contexts furnish the keys to understanding how medieval monastic authors perceived heresy, preached, and wrote against it."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Medieval Agriculture the Southern French Countryside and the Early Cistercians written by Constance H. Berman and published by American Philosophical Society. This book was released on 1986 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cistercian Architecture and Medieval Society written by Maximilian Sternberg and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-08-15 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Cistercian Architecture and Medieval Society Maximilian Sternberg offers an account of the social functions of the built environment in medieval monasticism. Few medieval monuments hold so privileged a place in the modern imagination as Cistercian abbeys, yet Sternberg suggests, it is precisely our own, peculiarly modern fascination with the idea of 'Cistercian aesthetics' that has hindered a full view of the complex social meanings of their architecture. This book draws attention instead to the practical and symbolic means by which architecture helped the Cistercians to negotiate the dense web of relations that, in actuality, bound them to other spheres of medieval society. It explores the permeability of monastic boundaries, and considers their effectiveness in reconciling a simultaneous need for interaction and distance between monastic communities and these other social spheres.
Download or read book Stronger Than a Hundred Men written by Terry S. Reynolds and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like many apparently simple devices, the vertical water wheel has been around for so long that it is taken for granted. Yet this "picturesque artifact" was for centuries man's primary mechanical source of power and was the foundation upon which mills and other industries developed. Stronger than a Hundred Men explores the development of the vertical water wheel from its invention in ancient times through its eventual demise as a source of power during the Industrial Revolution. Spanning more than 2000 years, Terry Reynolds's account follows the progression of this labor-saving device from Asia to the Middle East, Europe, and America-covering the evolution of the water wheel itself, the development of dams and reservoirs, and the applications of water power.
Download or read book Atlas of Christian History written by Tim Dowley and published by Fortress Press. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new atlas of Christian history has been needed for many years. Now, Fortress Press is pleased to offer the Atlas of Christian History from acclaimed author and editor Tim Dowley. The Atlas of Christian History is built new from the ground up. Featuring more than fifty new maps, graphics, and timelines, the atlas is a necessary companion to any study of Christian history. Concise, helpful text, written by acknowledged authorities, guide the experience and interpret the visuals. Consciously written for students at any level, the volume is perfect for independent students, as well as those in structured courses. The atlas is broken into five primary parts that correspond well to most major introductions to the topic. The final section on the modern era pays significant attention to the growth of Christianity as a global religion. Extensive maps are provided that illuminate Christianity in Asian, African, and Latin American contexts.
Download or read book Where Troubadours were Bishops written by Nicole M. Schulman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using one man as a lens, a man known variously as Folquet, Folques, Folco, and Folc, it will examine some of the important changes and developments of the period from a new, more human, perspective.
Download or read book Simon V of Montfort and Baronial Government 1195 1218 written by G. E. M. Lippiatt and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-04 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dissenter from the Fourth Crusade, disseised earl of Leicester, leader of the Albigensian Crusade, prince of southern France: Simon of Montfort led a remarkable career of ascent from mid-level French baron to semi-independent count before his violent death before the walls of Toulouse in 1218. Through the vehicle of the crusade, Simon cultivated autonomous power in the liminal space between competing royal lordships in southern France in order to build his own principality. This first English biographical study of his life examines the ways in which Simon succeeded and failed in developing this independence in France, England, the Midi, and on campaign to Jerusalem. Simon's familial, social, and intellectual connexions shaped his conceptions of political order, which he then implemented in his conquests. By analysing contemporary narrative, scholastic, and documentary evidence-including a wealth of archival material-this volume argues that Simon's career demonstrates the vitality of baronial independence in the High Middle Ages, despite the emergence of centralised royal bureaucracies. More importantly, Simon's experience shows that barons themselves adopted methods of government that reflected a concern for accountability, public order, and contemporary reform ideals. This study therefore marks an important entry in the debate about baronial responsibility in medieval political development, as well as providing the most complete modern account of the life of this important but oft-overlooked crusader.
Download or read book Studies in Cistercian Art and Architecture written by Meredith P. Lillich and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mirelle a pastoral epic of Provence from the Proven al of F Mistral Translated by H Crichton written by Frédéric MISTRAL and published by . This book was released on 1868 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cathedra Petri written by Thomas Greenwood and published by . This book was released on 1865 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toulouse Lautrec written by Gerstle Mack and published by Plunkett Lake Press. This book was released on 2019-08-15 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first complete biography in English of the painter Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901), whose short but intensely active life is portrayed against a colorful “gay nineties” background of dance-halls, brothels, cafés-concerts, theaters, circuses, and racecourses. A descendant of one of the noblest families in France, grotesquely deformed, hideously ugly, Lautrec voluntarily renounced the life of a country gentleman for the tawdry environment of Montmartre, where dissipation wrecked his health and brought about his premature death at the age of thirty-seven. Strangely enough, drink and debauchery had little apparent effect on his work; he remained to the end a great artist: a sensitive painter, a superb draughtsman and lithographer, and an unrivaled designer of pictorial posters. “Gerstle Mack’s book, so complete, so searching, so just, adds to his already high prestige as a biographer and, once more (as with respect to the previous book on Cézanne) puts the art world in his debt. The Toulouse-Lautrec biography is informed throughout, with a spirit of warm human understanding and of fine critical integrity.” — Edward Alden Jewell, The New York Times (November 6, 1938) “[A] distinguished and authoritative biography... a definitive work..." — Charles Poore,The New York Times (October 15, 1938) “First-rate biography of the dwarf genius who was one of the best draftsmen of his or any age. Lautrec’s circus-and-brothel background is neatly worked in and the book is full of understanding and sympathy.” — The New Yorker “A distinguished book” — The Atlantic “Mr. Mack’s biography [is] complete, unmitigated, authoritative... a thorough documentation not only of the works but of the milieu of Toulouse-Lautrec.” — The Nation “This is a thoroughly sound and entertaining piece of work.” — Saturday Review “Various biographers have chronicled the brief and meteoric career of Lautrec but none has done it with the thoroughness and dispassionate scholarship, the sensitivity and sympathy, as has Gerstle Mack. The personality of the man rather than his analysis as an artist is Mack’s motivating purpose and he has patiently tracked Lautrec through all the haunts he loved and introduced all of the period’s personalities who were habitués of Lautrec’s world. Mr. Mack has also demolished the popular theory that Lautrec loathed his models and really was a-crusader against the vice he portrayed. Lautrec was a powerful critic of the time and place but always presented the scene with a sympathetic, if trenchant, wit. He provided a profound insight into the times. He displayed the tawdriness disguised as glamour and the boredom disguised as excitement. He created a wonderful and powerful style that has influenced generations of artists, particularly in the graphic arts.” — Irvin Haas, Book Find News “Gerstle Mack has written a book of remarkable interest not only from the point of view of the artist but from the point of view of the variety of human personality. This desperate and talented man shoved his way into the late nineteenth century life of Paris. This book will shove its way into the midtwentieth century life of that western world which is still free to contemplate the essential violence and harmony of art.” — Paul Engle, Chicago Tribune “This first complete English biography is an admirable portrait of Lautrec and his times. Based upon thorough research and first-hand interviews, it makes absorbing reading... We are not told specifically how the simple, eager boy became the strange and contradictory man. Nevertheless, in these days of biographies filled with the speculations of amateur psychiatrists, it is both refreshing and good to re-encounter this sound and unpretentious study.” — Art Digest “An artist’s biography, good reading, with a well-filled background of Montmartre cafés and their owners and entertainers, the theatre, the circus, whorehouses and so on. The man himself is interesting. The sources of his artistic material equally so. He loved sports and his eccentric father wanted him to attain physical perfection, but he was handicapped in his teens by having his legs badly broken. So he turned to art, studying, worshipping Degas and Japanese prints, seeking Paris night life for his subjects, and producing illustrations and poster designs that equalled the fame of his lithographs. An art book as well as excellent biography.” — Kirkus Reviews
Download or read book The Aristocracy in the County of Champagne 1100 1300 written by Theodore Evergates and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2013-10-09 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theodore Evergates provides the first systematic analysis of the aristocracy in the county of Champagne under the independent counts. He argues that three factors—the rise of the comital state, fiefholding, and the conjugal family—were critical to shaping a loose assortment of baronial and knightly families into an aristocracy with shared customs, institutions, and identity. Evergates mines the rich, varied, and in some respects unique collection of source materials from Champagne to provide a dynamic picture of a medieval aristocracy and its evolving symbiotic relationship with the counts. Count Henry the Liberal (1152-81) began the process of transforming a quasi-independent baronage accustomed to collegial governance into an elite of landholding families subordinate to the count and his officials. By the time Countess Jeanne married the future King Philip IV of France in 1284, the fiefholding families of Champagne had become a distinct provincial nobility. Throughout, it was the conjugal community, rather than primogeniture or patrilineage, that remained the core familial institution determining the customs regarding community property, dowry, dower, and partible inheritance. Those customs guaranteed that every lineage would survive, but frequently through a younger son or daughter. The life courses of women and men, influenced not only by social norms but also by individual choice and circumstance, were equally unpredictable. Evergates concludes that imposed models of "the aristocratic family" fail to capture the diversity of individual lives and lineages within one of the more vibrant principalities of medieval France.
Download or read book Civilization During the Middle Ages written by George Adams and published by Jovian Press. This book was released on 2017-12-02 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of this book is to show how the foundations of our civilization were laid in the past and how its chief elements were introduced, and to depict its progressive development until it had assumed its most characteristic modern features. Its purpose is to show the movement and direction of historic forces, and the relation of the facts of history one to another. In other words, it is to present as clear a view as possible of what is the most important thing for all introductory study at least, and for the permanent intellectual furniture of most - the orderly and organic growth of our civilization. If anywhere the details have been allowed to obscure the general movement, there I have failed to realize my intention...
