Download or read book The Characterization of Poly beta hydroxyalkanoates PHAs and the Synthesis of Methyl beta hydroxyalkanoates written by Dora Y. Lau and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Poly beta hydroxybutyrate written by Dennis E. Agostini and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Poly beta hydroxyalkanoates from Bacillus Comamonas and Pseudomonas Species written by Kathryn Ann Pirrotta and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation Characterization and Modification of Poly beta hydroxyalkanoates from Pseudomonas Oleovorans written by Young Baek Kim and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Poly beta hydroxyalkanoates Using 13C NMR Spectroscopy written by Anastasia Dimitropoulou and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Poly hydroxyalkanoates written by Elvis Odin Price and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biopolyesters written by Wolfgang Babel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Living systems synthesize seven different classes of polymers. They provide structure and form for cells and organisms, function as catalysts and energy storage and carry the genetic information. All these polymers possess technically interesting properties. Some of these biopolymers are already used commercially. This special volume of Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology comprises 10 chapters. It gives an overview of the water insoluble biopolyesters, in particular of the microbially synthesized poly-hydroxyalkanoate (PHA) family. It reports the state of the art of metabolism, regulation and genetic background, the latest advances made in genetic optimization of bacteria, "construction" of transgenic plants and in vitro synthesis by means of purified enzymes. Furthermore, it describes relevant technologies and evaluates perspectives concerning increasing the economic viability and competitiveness of PHA and discusses applications in medicine, packaging, food and other fields.
Download or read book Synthesis of Chiral Poly hydroxyalkanoates written by Firoz Ali Jaipuri and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) are a class of naturally occurring polyesters that are produced by a wide variety of different microorganisms. Although they are derived biologically, the structures of these polymers bear a fairly close resemblance to some of the synthetic absorbable polymers currently used in medical applications. Owing to their limited availability, the PHAs have remained largely unexplored, yet these polymers offer an extensive range of properties that extend far beyond those currently offered by their synthetic counterparts. A very interesting application of PHA is their use as starting chemicals (synthons) for other chemicals taking advantage of their uniform chirality. Chiral PHAs could serve as new sources of chiral building blocks that could be further elaborated to synthesize a variety of chemicals such as antibiotics, vitamins, and pheromones. This application of chiral PHAs is restricted only to PHB due to the fact that PHB is the only homopolymer of this class found in nature. However, the synthesis of homopolymers of different monomer units of PHAs could be envisioned in two ways: 1) by using enantiomerically pure chiral [beta]-hydroxy acid as monomer; 2) by utilizing enzyme's sequence homology with lipases as a base for chiral resolution of racemic [beta]-hydroxy acid by the polymerase to synthesize poly[(R)-[beta]-hydroxyalkanoic acid]. (R)-3-hydroxyalkanoic acids represent an important class of biologically active compounds often found in lipopeptides exhibiting antimicrobial, insecticidal, and antiviral activities. A purely chemical approach for the synthesis of (R)-3-hydroxyalkanoic acids is described. (R)-3-hydroxydecanoic acid was successfully synthesized using this approach. The key feature of this strategy is the Wittig reaction which allows introducing alkyl chains with varying carbon chain length and different functional groups. A new method for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of [beta]-butyrolactone to produce biomimetic polymers analogous to natural PHB polyester produced by enzymes in living organisms is presented. The polymerization proceeds with the retention of configuration and can be accomplished using triflic acid as a catalyst and methanol as an initiator in an aprotic solvent. These reaction conditions were also effective in the polymerization of L-lactide. A chemoenzymatic approach for the synthesis of chiral poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) is also presented. A library of racemic [beta]-hydroxythioesters containing alkyl chains with varying carbon chains and different functionalities in the side chain was synthesized using aldol reaction. In this methodology, lithium enolate of commercially available n-butylthioacetate was reacted with wide range of aldehydes to produce corresponding aldol adducts. Since PHA synthase has sequence homology to lipases, it should turn over these aldol adducts to corresponding chiral polyesters.
Download or read book Industrial Biotechnology written by Devarajan Thangadurai and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-03 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important new book covers recent advancements, innovations, and technologies in industrial biotechnology, specifically addressing the application of various biomolecules in industrial production and in cleaning and environmental remediation sectors. The goal of industrial biotechnology is to develop new techniques and technologies to transform renewable raw materials into chemicals, materials, and fuels by the substitution of fossil fuels. With the increase in the world’s population and the resultant growing energy demand, the need for more energy can be successfully met with the advancements in industrial biotechnology. Currently across the globe significant research has been undertaken in the production of cleaner fuels, materials, and semi-synthetic chemicals, with environmental benefits. Developing countries have huge agricultural resources that could be utilized for production of value-added byproducts for the sustainable development of bio-based economy. The book opens with the chapter on the production of exopolysaccharides from halophilic microorganisms, a polymer that is normally very useful in various production sectors of the food, pharmaceutical, and petroleum industries. The book goes on to cover: The production of antimicrobial compounds from alkaliphilic bacteria Thermophilic actinomycetes Food, agro, and pharmaceutical potential and biotechnological applications of biosurfactants, halophiles, cyclodextrin glycosyl transferease, fungal chitinase, proteases, yeasts and yeast products Also covered in the book are the environmental aspects of industrial biotechnology such as the genetic enhancement for biofuel production, the production of biodegradable thermoplastics, advancements in the synthesis of bio-oil, ecofriendly treatment of agro-based lignocelluloses, and anaerobic bio reactors for hydrocarbon remediation. The international roster of chapter authors have been chosen for their renowned expertise and contribution to the various fields of industrial biotechnology. This book is suitable to chemists, biotechnologists from research institutes, academia, and students as well as for industry professionals
Download or read book The Handbook of Polyhydroxyalkanoates written by Martin Koller and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third volume of the Handbook of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) focusses on the production of functionalized PHA bio-polyesters, the post-synthetic modification of PHA, processing and additive manufacturing of PHA, development and properties of PHA-based (bio)composites and blends, the market potential of PHA and follow-up materials, different bulk- and niche applications of PHA, and the fate and use of spent PHA items. Divided into fourteen chapters, it describes functionalized PHA and PHA modification, processing and their application including degradation of spent PHA-based products and fate of these bio-polyesters during compositing and other disposal strategies. Aimed at graduate students and professionals in Polymer science, chemical engineering and bioprocessing, it: Covers current state of the art in the development of chemically modifiable PHA including mult-istep modifications of isolated biopolyesters, short syntheses of monomer feedstocks and so forth. Describes design of functionalized PHA-based polymeric materials by chemical modification . Illustrates preparation of bioactive oligomers derived from microbial PHA and synthetic analogues of natural PHA oligomers. Discusses processing and thermomechanical properties of PHA. Reviews advantages of PHA against other bio-based and conventional polymers with current applications and potential uses of PHA-based polymers highlighting innovative products.
Download or read book Handbook of Ecomaterials written by Leticia Myriam Torres Martínez and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Telechelic Polyesters Polycarbonates and Polyethers written by Sophie M. Guillaume and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Telechelic polymers have garnered a great deal of scientific interest due to their reactive chain-end functions. This comprehensive book compiles and details the basic principles of and cutting-edge research in telechelic polyesters, polycarbonates, and polyethers, ranging from synthesis to applications. It discusses general strategies toward telechelic polymers, centered on the fundamental aspects of polycondensation reactions, of cationic, anionic, coordination-insertion, and activated monomer mechanisms of the metal-, enzyme-, or otherwise organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization of cyclic monomers, and of postpolymerization chemical modification methods of polymer precursors. All main classes of polymers are covered separately, comprising polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly(ε-caprolactone)s, poly(lactic acid)s, polylactides, polycarobnates, and polyethers, including synthetic approaches as well as some illustrative, up-to-date examples and uses. The book also addresses applications of hydroxyl, thiol, amino, or acrylate/methacrylate end-capped polymers as starting materials for the preparation of diverse polymer architectures ranging from block, graft, and star-shaped polymers and micelles to precursors for ATRP macroinitiators, polyurethane copolymers, shape-memory polymers, or nanosized drug delivery systems. The book will appeal to advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students of polymer science; researchers in macromolecular science, especially those with an interest in functional and reactive polymers; and polymer chemists in academia and industry.
Download or read book Sustainable Polymers from Biomass written by Chuanbing Tang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-02-21 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a unique perspective summarizing research on this timely important topic around the globe, this book provides comprehensive coverage of how molecular biomass can be transformed into sustainable polymers. It critically discusses and compares a few classes of biomass - oxygen-rich, hydrocarbon-rich, hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon (including carbon dioxide) as well as natural polymers - and equally includes products that are already commercialized. A must-have for both newcomers to the field as well as established researchers in both academia and industry.
Download or read book Synthesis and Study of Poly beta hydroxyalkanoates written by Jin Xu and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Poly methyl 2 alkanamidopropenoates written by Robert Edward Hermes and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Microenvironment for Bioremediation and Polymer Production written by Nazia Jamil and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes harmful elements and their bioremediation techniques for tannery waste, oil spills, wastewater, greenhouse gases, plastic and other wastes. Microenvironmental conditions in soil provide a natural niche for ultra-structures, microbes and microenvironments. The natural biodiversity of these microenvironments is being disturbed by industrialization and the proliferation of urban centers, and synthetic contaminants found in these micro-places are causing stress and instability in the biochemical systems of microbes. The development of new metabolic pathways from intrinsic metabolic cycles facilitate microbial degradation of diverse resistant synthetic compounds present in soil. These are a vital, competent and cost-effective substitute to conventional treatments. Highly developed techniques for bioremediation of these synthetic compounds are increasing and these techniques facilitate the development of a safe environment using renewable biomaterial for removal of toxic heavy metals and xenobiotics. Soil Microenvironment for Bioremediation and Polymer Production consists of 21 chapters by subject matter experts and is divided into four parts: Soil Microenvironment and Biotransformation Mechanisms; Synergistic Effects between Substrates and Microbes; Polyhydroxyalakanoates: Resources, Demands and Sustainability; and Cellulose-Based Biomaterials. This timely and important book highlights Chapters on classical bioremediation approaches and advances in the use of nanoparticles for removal of radioactive waste Discusses the production of applied emerging biopolymers using diverse microorganisms Provides the most innovative practices in the field of bioremediation Explores new techniques that will help to improve biopolymer production from bacteria Provides novel concepts for the most affordable and economic societal benefits.
Download or read book Plastics from Bacteria written by George Guo-Qiang Chen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the possibility that petroleum supplies will be exhausted in the next decades to come, more and more attention has been paid to the production of bacterial pl- tics including polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polylactic acid (PLA), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), biopolyethylene (PE), poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT), and poly(p-phenylene) (PPP). These are well-studied polymers containing at least one monomer synthesized via bacterial transformation. Among them, PHA, PLA and PBS are well known for their biodegradability, whereas PE, PTT and PPP are probably less biodegradable or are less studied in terms of their biodegradability. Over the past years, their properties and appli- tions have been studied in detail and products have been developed. Physical and chemical modifications to reduce their cost or to improve their properties have been conducted. PHA is the only biopolyester family completely synthesized by biological means. They have been investigated by microbiologists, molecular biologists, b- chemists, chemical engineers, chemists, polymer experts, and medical researchers for many years. PHA applications as bioplastics, fine chemicals, implant biomate- als, medicines, and biofuels have been developed. Companies have been est- lished for or involved in PHA related R&D as well as large scale production. It has become clear that PHA and its related technologies form an industrial value chain in fermentation, materials, feeds, and energy to medical fields.
