Download or read book The Challenges of Health Financing in Five South Pacific Countries written by Ian Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health is a central development issue. Arrangements for health financing also have important implications for national and household budgets and broader macroeconomic conditions. The latest evidence from Fiji, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, and Vanuatu shows these five South Pacific countries have substantial - and changing - health challenges, especially given rapid population growth and the rise of non-communicable diseases. Yet each country faces important constraints to expanding public expenditure on health. Several options for obtaining better health outcomes from health expenditure are canvassed; improving technical and allocative efficiency is the most urgent, affordable, and practical option. An agenda for action is provided.
Download or read book Financing Health Care in East Asia and the Pacific written by John C. Langenbrunner and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-06-16 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: East Asian and Pacific countries are growing rapidly. They need high quality, well-funded health systems to underpin their population growth and assure continued productivity and economic growth. But countries will need to spend wisely, using modern techniques of insurance and strategic contracting with providers.
Download or read book Financing Health Care in South Pacific Countries written by John S. Deeble and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of economic and governmental factors affecting health services in the region, with options for levels of public funding and alternatives or supplements. Islands/Australia Working Paper no. 90/15.
Download or read book Health Care Financing Challenges in the Pacific written by Ian Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As explained in the Introduction, Pacific Islands Countries (PICs) have some of the highest rates of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in the world, and also face severe fiscal constraints. The original research contained in this thesis by compilation aims to address knowledge gaps, and help PIC governments respond to the emerging NCD crisis. Chapter 2 investigates the health financing options available to governments in five PICs. The share of government expenditure going to health in these countries is already some of the highest in the world. Most options available to middle-income countries globally to increase the fiscal space for health are unavailable, or inappropriate, to PICs. Improving allocative and technical efficiency in existing government health expenditure is the most feasible option left for PICs. Chapters 3 and 4 use two case studies to better understand the budgetary pressures that, given the above fiscal constraints, NCDs will increasingly impose in the Pacific and to raise fundamental questions about the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of health financing in the Pacific. Chapter 3, as well as re-considering the fiscal options of Chapter 2 in the context of Samoa, finds that dialysis treatment per patient in Samoa is twelve times the GDP per capita, user fees cover just 1.6% of the program, and two-thirds of patients die within two years. Chapter 4 investigates the cost to government of purchasing drugs to prevent and treat diabetes and hypertension in Vanuatu. Government pharmaceutical costs rise in large, step-wise, patterns as diabetes or hypertension progressively becomes more severe. About 20% of the population in Vanuatu has three or more risk factors for acquiring diabetes, but only 1.3% of the total population could be treated with insulin before the total Government drug budget for the country was fully spent. Chapter 5 finds that, contrary to general perceptions, the population of the PICs is "ageing" (i.e. the share of the population aged 60 years + is increasing). Current health systems are poorly designed to respond to their health needs. Ageing, combined with the high birth rates in many PICs, is likely to worsen the "dependency ratio" in countries, putting further strain on government budgets. This is exacerbated for those PICs with high levels of out-migration. With limited financing options (Chapter 2), prohibitively expensive treatment protocols (Chapters 3 and 4), and an ageing population (Chapter 5), a strong case for any budgetary interventions is needed. Chapter 6 identifies, based on a literature survey and stakeholder views, how Ministries of Health can improve their capacity to negotiate better health financing from Ministries of Finance, and development partners. It identifies ten attributes of effective budget requests. The academic contribution of the thesis is to help fill the research gap relating to the effectiveness and sustainability of NCD and other health care costs in the Pacific. The policy contribution is to provide the analysis underpinning the Pacific's response to the NCD crisis. The "NCD Road Map", which I drafted and which Pacific governments have now approved, is summarized in the Conclusion.
Download or read book Health Financing Revisited written by Pablo Enrique Gottret and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview of health financing tools, policies and trends--with a particular focus on challenges facing developing countries--provides the basis for effective policy-making. Analyzing the current global environment, the book discusses health financing goals in the context of both the underlying health, demographic, social, economic, political and demographic analytics as well as the institutional realities faced by developing countries, and assesses policy options in the context of global evidence, the international aid architecture, cross-sectoral interactions, and countries' macroeconomic frameworks and overall development plans.
Download or read book Unlocking Access to Climate Finance for Pacific Island Countries written by Ms. Manal Fouad and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This departmental paper provides an in-depth overview of access to climate finance for Pacific Island Countries, evaluating successes and challenges faced by countries and proposes a way forward to unlock access to climate funds.
Download or read book Achieving Sustainable E Government in Pacific Island States written by Rowena Cullen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the common set of obstacles to the development and integration of government Information and Communication Technology (ICT) projects and effective e-government initiatives in developing countries. It draws on the expertise and experience of more developed states in the Pacific, notably Australia and New Zealand, both highly rated in global rankings for e-government and active in a variety of e-government development projects across the region. There has been a general failure to identify priorities and align projects with local needs in ICT/e-government projects. Small Island Developing States (or SIDS) present a unique problem in terms of e-government. Not only do they suffer from a common set of barriers to ICT development such as their remoteness, geographical dispersion, moist tropical climates, largely rural populations, and lack of ICT capacity and infrastructure, but are also dependent on external agencies for investment, and must negotiate with powerful donors who have conflicting agendas. E-government is widely regarded as 'transformational', increasing efficiency, productivity, accountability, economic growth, and citizen involvement. But while the governments of SIDS are committed to harnessing ICTs for effective government and economic development, they face major challenges in establishing successful e-government initiatives, due to the problems outlined above, coupled with a lack of HR capacities and appropriate strategies and policies. Drawing on the experience of the states mentioned above, as well as regional quasi-governmental bodies, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), aid agencies, and the private sector, the book will be of interest to researchers and students in the fields of e-government, public administration, political science, communication, information science, and social media.
Download or read book Financing Health Services in Developing Countries written by John S. Akin and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses several different approaches that support reforming health care services in developing countries. For some time now, health care services have been supported by government funds. As demands for improving health care services continue to increase additional demands will be placed on governments to respond. This, however, will not be easy. Slow economic growth and record budget deficits in the 1980's have forced reductions in public spending. Alternative approaches to finance health care services are needed. Such possible changes could involve: decentralization of federal government involvement; the promotion of nongovernment involvement; the imposition of user fees; and, establishing health insurance. Finally, the role of the Bank in pursuing new financing strategies is discussed.
Download or read book Understanding Fiscal Space written by Mr.Peter S. Heller and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2005-03-01 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With new initiatives to provide low income countries with external assistance in support of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), donors and NGOs are seeking to understand whether "fiscal space" can be provided in the context of IMF-supported programs to support these initiatives. This paper defines the concept of fiscal space and its link to fiscal sustainability, describes alternative ways in which fiscal space can be created, and notes how the IMF can support appropriate efforts to create fiscal space. The paper underscores that the issues that arise in creating fiscal space are not novel, but have always confronted governments in judging whether there is scope for additional expenditure.
Download or read book Health Financing Country Profiles written by Who Regional Office for the Western Paci and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2011 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of the WHO Health Financing Country Profiles can help improve the monitoring and evaluation of countries' health financing policies. The profiles offer snapshots of the health financing systems of Member States of the WHO Western Pacific region. For each country presented, health expenditure trends for the period 1995-2008 are analysed, along with descriptions of the key issues, challenges and ongoing health financing reforms.
Download or read book Pacific Partnerships for Health written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-03-23 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S.-Associated Pacific Basin consists of six island jurisdictions: American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, the Federated States of Micronesia, Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. This book examines one aspect of the ties and U.S. involvement with this part of the worldâ€"its role in the region's health care delivery system. Although the health status of the islanders and the challenges faced by the health care systems naturally vary within and among the jurisdictions, in general, almost all health indicators for the islanders are worse than those of mainland Americans. The health systems in the area must deal with conditions normally seen in developing countries (e.g., malnutrition, tuberculosis, dengue fever, and cholera) and in developed countries alike (e.g., diabetes, heart disease, and cancer). In examining the strengths and weaknesses of the area's systems, the volume provides a regional health overview and assessments of health care in individual jurisdictions, evaluates the Pacific Basin Medical Officers Training Program, and lays out a strategic plan for future health services in the U.S.-Associated Pacific Basin.
Download or read book Health Financing in Fragile Conflict and Violence Situations written by Di Dong and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Levels and efficiency of health services financing in fragile, conflict and violence (FCV) countries are significantly low. FCV countries face more challenges in each of the health financing domains namely resource mobilization and pooling, resource allocation, purchasing, and service provision. This note discusses the issues and solutions around generating and pooling financial resources and maximizing the efficiency of existing money (purchasing).
Download or read book Health Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-04-02 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide benefits based on disability: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. This report analyzes health care utilizations as they relate to impairment severity and SSA's definition of disability. Health Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination identifies types of utilizations that might be good proxies for "listing-level" severity; that is, what represents an impairment, or combination of impairments, that are severe enough to prevent a person from doing any gainful activity, regardless of age, education, or work experience.
Download or read book Global Health and the Future Role of the United States written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While much progress has been made on achieving the Millenium Development Goals over the last decade, the number and complexity of global health challenges has persisted. Growing forces for globalization have increased the interconnectedness of the world and our interdependency on other countries, economies, and cultures. Monumental growth in international travel and trade have brought improved access to goods and services for many, but also carry ongoing and ever-present threats of zoonotic spillover and infectious disease outbreaks that threaten all. Global Health and the Future Role of the United States identifies global health priorities in light of current and emerging world threats. This report assesses the current global health landscape and how challenges, actions, and players have evolved over the last decade across a wide range of issues, and provides recommendations on how to increase responsiveness, coordination, and efficiency â€" both within the U.S. government and across the global health field.
Download or read book Impact of Health Insurance in Low and Middle income Countries written by Maria-Luisa Escobar and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past twenty years, many low- and middle-income countries have experimented with health insurance options. While their plans have varied widely in scale and ambition, their goals are the same: to make health services more affordable through the use of public subsidies while also moving care providers partially or fully into competitive markets. Until now, however, we have known little about the actual effects of these dramatic policy changes. Understanding the impact of health insurance-based care is key to the public policy debate of whether to extend insurance to low-income populationsand if so, how to do itor to serve them through other means.
Download or read book Affordable Excellence written by William A. Haseltine and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Today Singapore ranks sixth in the world in healthcare outcomes well ahead of many developed countries, including the United States. The results are all the more significant as Singapore spends less on healthcare than any other high-income country, both as measured by fraction of the Gross Domestic Product spent on health and by costs per person. Singapore achieves these results at less than one-fourth the cost of healthcare in the United States and about half that of Western European countries. Government leaders, presidents and prime ministers, finance ministers and ministers of health, policymakers in congress and parliament, public health officials responsible for healthcare systems planning, finance and operations, as well as those working on healthcare issues in universities and think-tanks should know how this system works to achieve affordable excellence."--Publisher's website.
Download or read book Good Practices in Health Financing written by Pablo Enrique Gottret and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on nine countries that have completed, or are well along in the process of carrying out, major health financing reforms. These countries have significantly expanded their people's health care coverage or maintained such coverage after prolonged political or economic shocks (e.g., following the collapse ofthe Soviet Union). In doing so, this report seeks to expand the evidence base on "good performance" in health financing reforms in low- and middle-income countries. The countries chosen for the study were Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Estonia, the Kyrgyz Republic, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tunisia, and Vietnam.
