Download or read book The CCM Guidelines 1981 written by Chama cha Mapinduzi and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 1983 NEC Proposed Amendments to the Union Constitution and the Zanzibar Revolutionary Government Constitution written by Chama cha Mapinduzi. National Executive Committee and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Soft Budget Constraint The Emergence Persistence and Logic of an Institution written by Gun Eriksson Skoog and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a story of the soft budget constraint. It seeks an answer to a paradox: the prevalence of the soft budget constraint in spite of the tremendous inefficiencies that it gives rise to, and its persistence in spite of reform of the system of which it is an integral part. The story aims at increasing our understanding of why the phenomenon exists. By studying the case of state in Tanzania before, during and after socialism, an explanation of the owned enterprises emergence, persistence and logic of the soft budget constraint is suggested. This introductory chapter presents an argument showing why this story is worth telling. It discusses the research topic and how the problem it presents is attacked. THE SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINT The soft budget constraint is today a popular metaphor. Originally it was seen as a characteristic of the socialist system. It refers to the tendency of primarily state-owned enterprises to have their liquidity gaps or losses accommodated by the state, or some other external funding body, and to the resulting expectations of such bail-out. The concept was coined by the Hungarian economist Hmos Kornai. ' He distinguishes between four major forms of external financial assistance that contribute to the soft budget constraint: soft subsidies, soft taxation, soft credit and soft 2 administrative pricing.
Download or read book EPRI Guide written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tanzania written by Kjell J. Havnevik and published by Nordic Africa Institute. This book was released on 1993 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The smell of Ujamaa is still there written by Daniel Mann and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifty years after the Arusha Declaration, this book sets out to reevaluate one of the most important roots of Tanzania's Ujamaa Socialism: The Ruvuma Development Association. Based on a basic-democratic movement of young politicized farmers, this organization not only brought together up to 18 cooperative villages in southwestern Tanzania, it also became the inspiration for President Nyerere to put his vision of a modern socialist society built on the image of the traditional extended family into a concrete development model on national scale. Led by a participative understanding of empirical research, this explorative study has analyzed the local history of Ujamaa in three case study villages within Ruvuma. Through employing a mix of expert and narrative interviews, as well as group interviews and villager questionnaires, the study sheds new light on the local perceptions of Ujamaa history and communal development, as well as on the interrelations between local and national scale on Tanzania's path of development. It identifies the recent farmers' groups (vikundi) as some of the most important heirs to the Nation's socialist ideology and concludes that in many aspects "the smell of Ujamaa is still there".
Download or read book Lethal Aid written by Severine Mushambampale Rugumamu and published by Africa World Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite massive infusions of financial and technical assistance from the northern hemisphere, Africa is worse off today - economically, societally, and environmentally - than it was 30 years ago. But were economic development, poverty alleviation, and democracy ever actually the objectives of either donor or recipient states in the first place? To what extent was the limitless potential of the self-reliance strategy foreclosed by the corrupting power of foreign aid? As much as military power, propaganda, or diplomacy, "aid" is - realistically and essentially - one of the economic instruments of statecraft and, as such, has historically been used as a policy tool for various attempts at influence. While policies and strategies on both sides of the aid process may give primacy of place to development, actual practice almost invariably reveals the opposite, as donor and recipient alike employ aid resources to pursue their respective national, class, or even regime interests. Through the Tanzanian experience of "Big Brother's" helping hand, the author examines the true role of foreign aid in the development process and exposes certain widely-held myths about that role.
Download or read book The Guide to United States Popular Culture written by Ray Broadus Browne and published by Popular Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 1030 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "To understand the history and spirit of America, one must know its wars, its laws, and its presidents. To really understand it, however, one must also know its cheeseburgers, its love songs, and its lawn ornaments. The long-awaited Guide to the United States Popular Culture provides a single-volume guide to the landscape of everyday life in the United States. Scholars, students, and researchers will find in it a valuable tool with which to fill in the gaps left by traditional history. All American readers will find in it, one entry at a time, the story of their lives."--Robert Thompson, President, Popular Culture Association. "At long last popular culture may indeed be given its due within the humanities with the publication of The Guide to United States Popular Culture. With its nearly 1600 entries, it promises to be the most comprehensive single-volume source of information about popular culture. The range of subjects and diversity of opinions represented will make this an almost indispensable resource for humanities and popular culture scholars and enthusiasts alike."--Timothy E. Scheurer, President, American Culture Association "The popular culture of the United States is as free-wheeling and complex as the society it animates. To understand it, one needs assistance. Now that explanatory road map is provided in this Guide which charts the movements and people involved and provides a light at the end of the rainbow of dreams and expectations."--Marshall W. Fishwick, Past President, Popular Culture Association Features of The Guide to United States Popular Culture: 1,010 pages 1,600 entries 500 contributors Alphabetic entries Entries range from general topics (golf, film) to specific individuals, items, and events Articles are supplemented by bibliographies and cross references Comprehensive index
Download or read book Taamuli written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A political science forum.
Download or read book Technical Abstract Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Re thinking the Arusha Declaration written by Jeannette Hartmann and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book developed as part of the international conference of the 20 years of the Arusha Declaration in 1986. It is divided into four parts. The introduction covers the discussion of the political events that took place after the international conference from 1986 to 1990. Part I consists of official speeches. Part II looks at the problem of the state and the Arusha Declaration while Part III examines the economic and social development of Tanzania. Part IV comprises the summary of the papers presented and ensuing debates. Two positions emerged during the debates. On the one hand, some of the participants argued that there was need to take into consideration both the development experience which Tanzania has gained and the prevailing constraint, and called for the Declaration to be revised. Other participants, on the other hand, argued that the Declaration was still relevant and that it should be retained in its original tenor. (DÜI-Hff).
Download or read book Guidelines for Water Reuse written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Receptor Binding in Drug Research written by Robert A. O'Brien and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the applications of receptor techniques in many different areas in addition to conventional drug and neurotransmitter binding sites. It reviews humoral modulators such as a leukotrienes, interferon, platelet-derived growth factor, and novel endogenous ligands.
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Code of Federal Regulations written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Billboard Guide to Contemporary Christian Music written by Barry Alfonso and published by Watson-Guptill Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronicling the amazing rise of this genre from its gospel roots to today's diverse musical sound, this guide offers a complete capsule encyclopedia of Contemporary Christian artists as well as an introduction to the music form. 40 illustrations.
Download or read book Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
