Download or read book The Causes and Consequences of Self Employment Over the Life Cycle written by John Eric Humphries and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses population panel data from Sweden to investigate the causes and consequences of self-employment over the life cycle, and to evaluate how self-employment decisions can be influenced by policy. In the first part of the paper, I use machine learning methods to summarize the patterns of self-employment behavior observed in the data. I find that careers involving self-employment fit into a small number of economically distinct groups. Some self-employment spells are short, with minimal capital investment and rapid return to paid employment, while others persist and have substantial capital devoted to the business from the outset. Guided by these descriptive results, I develop and estimate a dynamic Roy model in which self-employment decisions depend on factors such as cognitive and non-cognitive skills, prior work experience, the cost of capital, and other labor market opportunities. The model integrates traditional models of dynamic career choice that feature human capital investment and models of business start-up that feature physical capital investment. I estimate the model and use it to evaluate policies designed to promote self-employment. Cognitive and non-cognitive skills, education, and prior work experience are important determinants of the types of businesses individuals start, how much capital they employ, and how long they remain in self-employment. Subsidies that incentivize self-employment are generally ineffective, both in terms of promoting long-lasting firms and in terms of improving the welfare and earnings of those induced to enter self-employment.
Download or read book Self Employment written by Robert L. Aronson and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Reemergence of Self Employment written by Richard Arum and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-10 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents results of a cross-national research project on self-employment in eleven advanced economies and demonstrates how and why the practice is reemerging in modern societies. While traditional forms of self-employment, such as skilled crafts work and shop keeping, are in decline, they are being replaced by self-employment in both professional and unskilled occupations. Differences in self-employment across societies depend on the extent to which labor markets are regulated and the degree to which intergenerational family relationships are a primary factor structuring social organization. For each of the eleven countries analyzed, the book highlights the extent to which social background, educational attainment, work history, family status, and gender affect the likelihood that an individual will enter--and continue--a particular type of self-employment. While involvement with self-employment is becoming more common, it is occurring for individuals in activities that are more diverse, unstable and transitory than in years past.
Download or read book The Dynamics of Self employment Over the Life cycle written by GiSeung Kim and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determinants of Self employment written by Gerrit de Wit and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the result of five years of research that I carried out as a research fellow at the Faculty of Economics and Econometrics of the University of Amsterdam. The project was initiated in 1986 by Frans van Winden and Roy Thurik. Frans van Winden became interested in self employment through his work concerning government behavior. In the models that he employs, the government is influenced by various social groups, the political strength of which is related to their size. As one of these is the group of self-employed individuals, he became interested in determinants of the size of this group. Roy Thurik was professionally interested in the subject because of his work at the Research Institute for Small and Medium-sized Business in the Netherlands (EIM), an institute that does much research in this area. Together, they wrote a proposal for a research project, for which they received funding from the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs . These funds were supplemented by the University of Amsterdam and at a later stage by the Organization for the Advancement of Research in the Economic Discipline (ECOZOEK), that is part of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). This support is gratefully acknowiedged. The commercial edition of this book was partIy financed by the Centre for Energy Conservation and Environmental Technology (CE), the Center for Research in Experimental Economics and Political Decisionmaking (CREED), and the University of Amsterdam.
Download or read book Self employment Selection and Earnings Over the Life Cycle written by David S. Evans and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Self Employment and Business Cycles written by Mónica Carmona and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between self-employment and some macroeconomic variables is and has been at the heart of the debate about self-employment contributions to employment and economic growth. This paper is devoted to the exploration of the co-movement and causality between entrepreneurship and economic performance in both directions. It looks for basic relationships between self-employment and some macroeconomic variables in Spain and the US, using quarterly data from 1987:2 to 2004:4. Our results do not support the procyclicality of self-employment in general, but we found strong evidence on procyclicality for a specific group of self-employed: self-employed with employees (employers) in Spain. On the other hand causality tests suggest that the business cycle (GDP or unemployment) causes to employers and provides evidence on instantaneous causality between self-employment/own-account workers and GDP, in Spain. For the US we found weak correlations between self-employment and the business cycle (they tend to become larger when the forecast horizon increases).
Download or read book The Ins and Outs of Self employment written by Mark E. Schweitzer and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Who Creates New Firms When Local Opportunities Arise written by Shai Bernstein and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-09-28 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New firm formation is a critical driver of job creation, and an important contributor to the responsiveness of the economy to aggregate shocks. In this paper we examine the characteristics of the individuals who become entrepreneurs when local opportunities arise due to an increase in local demand. We identify local demand shocks by linking fluctuations in global commodity prices to municipality level agricultural endowments in Brazil. We find that the firm creation response is almost entirely driven by young and skilled individuals, as measured by their level of experience, education, and past occupations involving creativity, problem-solving and managerial roles. In contrast, we find no such response within the same municipalities among skilled, yet older individuals, highlighting the importance of lifecycle considerations. These responsive individuals are younger and more skilled than the average entrepreneur in the population. The entrepreneurial response of young individuals is larger in municipalities with better access to finance, and in municipalities with more skilled human capital. These results highlight how the characteristics of the local population can have a significant impact on the entrepreneurial responsiveness of the economy.
Download or read book Employment Or Self Employment written by Moren Levesque and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although self-employed individuals represent an important section of the U.S. labor force, the scholarship on careers focuses primarily on job mobility patterns within and across established firms, neglecting the aspect of self-employment. A dynamic utility-maximizing model of career choice between self-employment and employment is offered. The model builds on previous economic models proposing that jobs differ in income, work required, risk involved, and independence allowed. Research on life cycle and career stage models has suggested that as people age, their attitudes change. Changing attitudes toward income, work, risk, and independence, as well as changing abilities to complete tasks, also influence career choices. A dynamic model of career choice considering these changes is provided.Five optimal career paths are proposed depending on: the individuals' initial utility for self-employment over employment; initial utility associated with the perceived maximum difference in income between self-employment and employment; marginal reduction in utility for self-employment over employment from aging; and final utility for self-employment over employment. The model provides a tool to analyze the possibility of individuals switching between employment and self-employment as they age and suggests under what conditions this might occur. (CBS).
Download or read book The Life Cycle of Entrepreneurial Ventures written by Simon Parker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-12-26 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses topical issues in entrepreneurship organized around the various stages of venture creation, development and performance. It is arranged in several parts, dealing with the pre-start stage, followed by venture creation, financing ventures, venture development, and venture performance. Each part contains several chapters written by experts in the relevant field. The multi-disciplinary flavor of the book is complemented by its international evidence base, featuring results from a range of different countries. The book will help researchers and practitioners who want to pinpoint the key points emerging from the latest academic thinking.
Download or read book On the Misery of Losing Self employment written by Clemens Hetschko and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dependent Self Employment written by Colin C. Williams and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dependent self-employment is widely perceived as a rapidly growing form of precarious work conducted by marginalised lower-skilled workers subcontracted by large corporations. Unpacking a comprehensive survey of 35 European countries, Colin C. Williams and Ioana Alexandra Horodnic map the lived realities of the distribution and characteristics of dependent self-employment to challenge this broad and erroneous perception.
Download or read book The Self employed in the United States written by Joseph Dexter Phillips and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Social Limits to Growth written by Nick Horsewood and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Home ownership has both positive as well as negative aspects for individuals and society. This book is based on a research, which gives an insight into the security and insecurity aspects of home ownership across Europe. It helps you to understand the relationship between the structural position of home ownership in different European countries.
Download or read book Informality written by Guillermo Perry and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzes informality in Latin America, exploring root causes and reasons for and implications of its growth. This book uses two distinct but complementary lenses. It concludes that reducing informality levels and overcoming the "culture of informality" will require actions to increase aggregate productivity in the economy.
Download or read book From Unemployment to Self employment written by Alex Bryson and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from three waves of the Restart Cohort Survey conducted in 1989-1991, estimates how advantageous self-employment is as a route out of long-term unemployment relative to full-time and part-time employment, in terms of the time taken to enter a job, job stability, earnings, and subsequent unemployment avoidance.
