Download or read book The Case for Killer Robots Why America s Military Needs to Continue Development of Lethal AI written by Robert J. Marks and published by . This book was released on 2020-01-06 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence expert Robert J. Marks investigates the potential military use of lethal AI and examines the practical and ethical challenges. Marks provocatively argues that the development of lethal AI is not only appropriate in today's society-it is unavoidable if America wants to survive and thrive into the future.
Download or read book Losing Humanity written by Bonnie Lynn Docherty and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This 50-page report outlines concerns about these fully autonomous weapons, which would inherently lack human qualities that provide legal and non-legal checks on the killing of civilians. In addition, the obstacles to holding anyone accountable for harm caused by the weapons would weaken the law's power to deter future violations"--Publisher's website.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI written by Markus Dirk Dubber and published by Oxford Handbooks. This book was released on 2020 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This interdisciplinary and international handbook captures and shapes much needed reflection on normative frameworks for the production, application, and use of artificial intelligence in all spheres of individual, commercial, social, and public life.
Download or read book An Introduction to Ethics in Robotics and AI written by Christoph Bartneck and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book introduces the reader to the foundations of AI and ethics. It discusses issues of trust, responsibility, liability, privacy and risk. It focuses on the interaction between people and the AI systems and Robotics they use. Designed to be accessible for a broad audience, reading this book does not require prerequisite technical, legal or philosophical expertise. Throughout, the authors use examples to illustrate the issues at hand and conclude the book with a discussion on the application areas of AI and Robotics, in particular autonomous vehicles, automatic weapon systems and biased algorithms. A list of questions and further readings is also included for students willing to explore the topic further.
Download or read book Lethal Autonomous Weapons Laws Take the Human Out of the Loop Argument That Humans Are Inferior to Killer Military Robot Soldiers Saving Lives W written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-03-09 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States government needs to develop and employ lethal autonomous weapons (LAWS) on the battlefield. There are two main arguments that this paper will explore: first, robots are potentially more proficient than humans on the battlefield and second, the United States needs to employ LAWS because other countries already are and the U.S. needs to set the international example. Humans are inferior to robots in warfare and this paper will discuss historical examples in which humans exercised poor judgment in battle or were incapable of deciding due to the effects of combat. Humans are more expensive than robots and this paper show the economic benefits of employing LAWS. As a superpower, the U.S. needs to develop and employ LAWS to establish international norms and be prepared to propose international agreements. The U.S. is one of two countries that has a policy regarding LAWS and it is vague and over five years old. This paper describes the other countries that are currently developing and employing LAWS. Removing the human from the loop is an under represented argument because of legitimate concerns to include lowering the bar to entry to war, violating human dignity, and hacking. This study explores and ultimately refutes these concerns. Ultimately, the most important reason why LAWS should be adopted is that they will save lives.This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.1. Introduction * 2. Main Body (Discussion/analysis) * 3. Humans Are Inferior to Robots Competing in the Global Arms Race * 4. Another Approach (Counter Arguments) * 5. Recommendations and ConclusionA Lethal Autonomous Weapon is a robot that is designed to select and attack military targets without direct intervention by a human operator. The idea of not having a human operator is called "human-out-of-the-loop." Autonomous weapons also have the capability of operating with a "human-in-the-loop" (like a drone and drone operator) or a "human-on-the-loop" in which a human operator supervises the targeting process and can intervene at any time during the cycle. Currently, the U.S. employs both human-in-the-loop and human-on-the-loop weapons in combat. Lethal autonomous Weapons are also called LAWS, LARS (lethal autonomous robots), robotic weapons, or killer robots. For these purposes, LAWS, robots, or lethal autonomous weapon will be used.This study will present a somewhat unrepresented argument, that LAWS should be developed and employed by the United States on the battlefield. There are several premises to support this conclusion. First, humans are overall inferior on the battlefield as compared to robots. Historically humans deal poorly with the traumatic effects of combat resulting in war atrocities, posttraumatic stress disorder, increased veteran suicide and homelessness; robots would not be negatively affected by combat like humans are. Additionally, human soldiers are more expensive in the long run than robots.Second, the United States needs to stay on the cutting edge of technology especially in warfare. History provides examples of the United States using ethically questionable strategies in war such as unrestricted submarine warfare and strategic bombing, both in WWII, without having had the chance to fully examine the potential ramifications of those strategies prior to the heat of conflict. Moreover, other nations are already employing LAWS. The United States needs to lead the development of these weapons in terms of technological capabilities and ethical standards so that an international agreement can be achieved before they are misused by another nation.
Download or read book Killer Robots written by Armin Krishnan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-22 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Military robots and other, potentially autonomous robotic systems such as unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAVs) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) could soon be introduced to the battlefield. Look further into the future and we may see autonomous micro- and nanorobots armed and deployed in swarms of thousands or even millions. This growing automation of warfare may come to represent a major discontinuity in the history of warfare: humans will first be removed from the battlefield and may one day even be largely excluded from the decision cycle in future high-tech and high-speed robotic warfare. Although the current technological issues will no doubt be overcome, the greatest obstacles to automated weapons on the battlefield are likely to be legal and ethical concerns. Armin Krishnan explores the technological, legal and ethical issues connected to combat robotics, examining both the opportunities and limitations of autonomous weapons. He also proposes solutions to the future regulation of military robotics through international law.
Download or read book Lethal Autonomous Weapons written by Jai Galliott and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-02 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question of whether new rules or regulations are required to govern, restrict, or even prohibit the use of autonomous weapon systems has been the subject of debate for the better part of a decade. Despite the claims of advocacy groups, the way ahead remains unclear since the international community has yet to agree on a specific definition of Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems and the great powers have largely refused to support an effective ban. In this vacuum, the public has been presented with a heavily one-sided view of Killer Robots. This volume presents a more nuanced approach to autonomous weapon systems that recognizes the need to progress beyond a discourse framed by the Terminator and HAL 9000. Re-shaping the discussion around this emerging military innovation requires a new line of thought and a willingness to challenge the orthodoxy. Lethal Autonomous Weapons focuses on exploring the moral and legal issues associated with the design, development and deployment of lethal autonomous weapons. In this volume, we bring together some of the most prominent academics and academic-practitioners in the lethal autonomous weapons space and seek to return some balance to the debate. As part of this effort, we recognize that society needs to invest in hard conversations that tackle the ethics, morality, and law of these new digital technologies and understand the human role in their creation and operation.
Download or read book Army of None Autonomous Weapons and the Future of War written by Paul Scharre and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the 2019 William E. Colby Award "The book I had been waiting for. I can't recommend it highly enough." —Bill Gates The era of autonomous weapons has arrived. Today around the globe, at least thirty nations have weapons that can search for and destroy enemy targets all on their own. Paul Scharre, a leading expert in next-generation warfare, describes these and other high tech weapons systems—from Israel’s Harpy drone to the American submarine-hunting robot ship Sea Hunter—and examines the legal and ethical issues surrounding their use. “A smart primer to what’s to come in warfare” (Bruce Schneier), Army of None engages military history, global policy, and cutting-edge science to explore the implications of giving weapons the freedom to make life and death decisions. A former soldier himself, Scharre argues that we must embrace technology where it can make war more precise and humane, but when the choice is life or death, there is no replacement for the human heart.
Download or read book Runaway Science written by Nick Redfern and published by Visible Ink Press. This book was released on 2023-01-03 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Will computers come to dominate man? Will advanced technology, robots and artificial intelligence enhance or destroy our future … and thereby changing us forever!?! Learn about the history, the menace and opportunities of technology—as well as possible futures—in this one-of-a-kind book! Is technology running amok or is it serving as a helping hand? Is it a threat or a benefit? Runaway Science: True Stories of Raging Robots and Hi-Tech Horrors presents the ominous, and some encouraging, stories of how technology has shaped our past and might shape our future. It dives into the question of mankind’s future. An exhilarating and troubling read, it looks at whether robots and technology are a threat or a boon to humanity. Its investigations include … Robocops and robots in the police force Robots replacing people in the workplace The high tech of ancient times Clones, androids, modified humans, cyborgs, designer babies, and half-human robots CIA plots to control our minds The sentient internet Monitoring our every move with microchip implants The threat of unfathomable alien intelligence and technology The singularity of uncontrollable and irreversible supplanting of human intelligence with technological intelligence Science fiction and science fact—and how science fiction foreshadowed the future Clandestine technological dangers and government mind-control plots Robotic limbs, androids and half-humans The prospect of uploading our minds into computers to ensure immortality Whether robots will rise up and cause humans to become extinct And much, much more. With more than 100 photos and illustrations, this riveting read is richly illustrated, and its helpful bibliography and extensive index add to its usefulness. Ponder the possibilities with this examination of the menace of robots, artificial intelligence, and technology of the past, present, and future. Exciting and worrisome, Runaway Science looks at past horrors and future dangers of technology!
Download or read book U S Ground Forces Robotics and Autonomous Systems Ras and Artificial Intelligence Ai written by Jennifer K. Elsea and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-12-04 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nexus of robotics and autonomous systems (RAS) and artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to change the nature of warfare. RAS offers the possibility of a wide range of platforms-not just weapon systems-that can perform "dull, dangerous, and dirty" tasks- potentially reducing the risks to soldiers and Marines and possibly resulting in a generation of less expensive ground systems. Other nations, notably peer competitors Russia and China, are aggressively pursuing RAS and AI for a variety of military uses, raising considerations about the U.S. military's response-to include lethal autonomous weapons systems (LAWS)-that could be used against U.S. forces. The adoption of RAS and AI by U.S. ground forces carries with it a number of possible implications, including potentially improved performance and reduced risk to soldiers and Marines; potential new force designs; better institutional support to combat forces; potential new operational concepts; and possible new models for recruiting and retaining soldiers and Marines. The Army and Marines have developed and are executing RAS and AI strategies that articulate near-, mid-, and long-term priorities. Both services have a number of RAS and AI efforts underway and are cooperating in a number of areas. A fully manned, capable, and well-trained workforce is a key component of military readiness. The integration of RAS and AI into military units raises a number of personnel-related issues that may be of interest to Congress, including unit manning changes, recruiting and retention of those with advanced technical skills, training, and career paths. RAS and AI are anticipated to be incorporated into a variety of military applications, ranging from logistics and maintenance, personnel management, intelligence, and planning to name but a few. In this regard, most consider it unlikely that appreciable legal and ethical objections to their use by the military will be raised. The most provocative question concerning the military application of RAS and AI being actively debated by academics, legal scholars, policymakers, and military officials is that of "killer robots" (i.e., should autonomous robotic weapon systems be permitted to take human life?). Potential issues for Congress include the following: Would an assessment of foreign military RAS and AI efforts and the potential impact on U.S. ground forces benefit policymakers? Should the United States develop fully autonomous weapon systems for ground forces? How will U.S. ground forces counter foreign RAS and AI capabilities? How should the Department of Defense (DOD) and the Services engage with the private sector? What are some of the personnel-related concerns associated with RAS and AI? What role should Congress play in the legal and ethical debate on LAWS? What role should the United States play in potential efforts to regulate LAWS?
Download or read book Militarizing Artificial Intelligence written by Nik Hynek and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-07-01 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the military characteristics and potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the new global revolution in military affairs. Offering an original perspective on the utilization, imagination, and politics of AI in the context of military development and weapons regulation, the work provides a comprehensive response to the question of how we might reflect on the AI revolution in warfare and what can be said about the ways in which this has been handled. In the first part of the book, AI is accommodated, both theoretically and empirically, in the strategic context of the 'Revolution in Military Affairs' (RMA). The book offers a novel understanding of autonomous weapons as multi-layered composite systems, pointing to a complex, non-linear interplay between evolutionary and revolutionary dynamics. In the second section, the book provides an impartial analysis of the related politics and operations of power, whereby increases in military budgets and R&D of the great powers are met and countered by advocacy networks and scientists campaigning for a ban on lethal autonomous weapons. As such, it moves beyond popular caricatures of ‘killer robots’ and points out some of the problems which result from over-reliance on such imagery. This book will be of much interest to students of strategic studies, critical security studies, arms control and disarmament, science and technology studies and general International Relations.
Download or read book The Church s New Front Door written by Daniel Topf and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2024-08-23 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Church’s New Front Door introduces Christians to the critically important concept of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, an era that will be dominated by powerful technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and advanced robotics. While the Fourth Industrial Revolution is powered by technological developments, it has far-reaching political, socio-economic, ethical, and spiritual implications as well. To be missional, the church needs to be relevant; and in order to be relevant in the twenty-first century, believers must engage with novel technologies and the impact they are having on areas like work, education, and healthcare. Each chapter includes discussion questions and suggestions for further reading, making this book an accessible resource for diverse audiences, including church members, ministry leaders, and students at Christian colleges and seminaries. Whether you agree or disagree with the author’s description of how our world might change in the next ten to twenty years—this book will make you think!
Download or read book Killer Robots written by Alison Hamel (M.) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper explores how technology influences change in the profession of arms, at both the organizational level and individual level. The profession of arms is defined here using the four key characteristics—namely expertise, responsibility, corporateness, and ethics and ethos—and the four key military virtues—specifically discipline, courage, competence, and self-sacrifice or selfless service—as identified in the 2017 version of The Armed Forces Officer. The paper starts by exploring the definitions of these characteristics and virtues and briefly discusses the Air Force’s evolving focus on itself as a profession. Two case studies are used to explore the relationship between the profession of arms and technology. For each case study, technology is considered from two different angles. The first case study, involving, intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), begins by evaluating organizational-level decisions during the development phase to see how the four professionalization characteristics influenced or were influenced by the development of this technology. The analysis continues by considering these same characteristics in light of how missileers employed ICBMS. The employment section also discusses the four military virtues’ role in this interaction between the professional and the technology. The findings from this first historical case study are then applied to a future-oriented case, which considers how the profession of arms could influence and be influenced by the potential development and employment of artificial intelligence, specifically lethal autonomous weapon systems. Based on the findings from both case studies, recommendations, such as using The Armed Forces Officer, or similar book as a lifelong teaching tool and the Air Force studying itself as a profession, are made for how the profession of arms can be prepared to shape the development and employment of transformative technologies like artificial intelligence."--Abstract.
Download or read book Outsourcing Death to Machines written by 新世界 (Xīn 新世界 (Xīn Shìjiè) and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-02-09 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outsourcing Death to Machines consists of 3 Volumes: Volume 1. Killer Robots Volume 2. The Artificial Intelligence (AI) Gap Volume 3. The Battlefield Singularity The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) anticipates that weaponization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) will fundamentally change the character of war on the battlefield, where humans can no longer keep pace with the speed and tempo of machine-led decisions during combat. This is a rough definition of the "Battlefield Singularity." The rapid development of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (Killer Robots) and advances in artificial intelligence will usher in a new stage of warfare. While America concentrates on developing weapons capable of winning the last war, the PLA believes the next war will be fought by algorithms and they are busy developing algorithms designed to win the next war. Whereas Americans look to AI as a new engine of economic development, China sees AI as necessary for the future "intelligentized" (智能化) warfare and pursues a superpower strategy by building "algorithm superiority" in warfare. While the U.S. military is ready to refight the last war, the 3rd Department of the PLA general staff, known as 3PLA, is also building a new-breed cyberforce to be what they describe as a "winning mechanism" for warfare in the cyberspace domain. Just like the "Bomber Gap" and the "Missile Gap" during the Cold War, the U.S. may be facing an "Artificial Intelligence Gap." Unlike the Cold War however, the U.S. can't simply send a spy plane or satellite over an adversary and count the number of bomber aircraft or missile silos. The cyberwarriors the U.S. military so far can't begin to compare with the 100,000 cyberwarriors China has already fielded. And, for those ethnicentrists in the U.S. that think the Chinese cyberwarriors are amateurs, you are sadly mistaken. The Chinese cyberwarriors are very good - and, they are getting better. AI will increase their cyber warfare capability by a factor of at least 10 in the next ten years. The eventual replacement of the "man-in-the-loop" with a "man-out-of-the-loop" strategy that automates modern warfare could usher in World War III in minutes. Volume 1 addresses the fielding of Killer Robots on the field of battle and the legal implications of their use today. Volume 2 discusses the "AI Gap" between the United States and China. Volume 3 is a discussion of the Battlefield Singularity and the policy changes that will be needed to avoid strategic surprise.
Download or read book Happiness is the Wrong Metric written by Amitai Etzioni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-08 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This timely book addresses the conflict between globalism and nationalism. It provides a liberal communitarian response to the rise of populism occurring in many democracies. The book highlights the role of communities next to that of the state and the market. It spells out the policy implications of liberal communitarianism for privacy, freedom of the press, and much else. In a persuasive argument that speaks to politics today from Europe to the United States to Australia, the author offers a compelling vision of hope. Above all, the book offers a framework for dealing with moral challenges people face as they seek happiness but also to live up to their responsibilities to others and the common good. At a time when even our most basic values are up for question in policy debates riddled with populist manipulation, Amitai Etzioni’s bold book creates a new frame which introduces morals and values back into applied policy questions. These questions span the challenges of jobless growth to the unanswered questions posed by the role of artificial intelligence in a wide range of daily life tasks and decisions. While not all readers will agree with the communitarian solutions that he proposes, many will welcome an approach that is, at its core, inclusive and accepting of the increasingly global nature of all societies at the same time. It is a must read for all readers concerned about the future of Western liberal democracy. Carol Graham, Leo Pasvolsky Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution and College Park Professor/University of Maryland In characteristically lively, engaging, and provocative style Etzioni tackles many of the great public policy dilemmas that afflict us today. Arguing that we are trapped into a spiral of slavish consumerism, he proposes a form of liberal communitarian that, he suggests, will allow human beings to flourish in changing circumstances. Jonathan Wolff, Blavatnik Chair of Public Policy, Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence Ethics and the Future of Warfare written by Kaushik Roy and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-05-23 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines how the adoption of AI technologies is likely to impact strategic and operational planning, and the possible future tactical scenarios for conventional, unconventional, cyber, space and nuclear force structures. In addition to developments in the USA, Britain, Russia and China, the volume also explores how different Asian and European countries are actively integrating AI into their military readiness. It studies the effect of AI and related technologies in training regimens and command structures. The book also covers the ethical and legal aspects of AI augmented warfare. The volume will be of great interest to scholars, students and researchers of military and strategic studies, defence studies, artificial intelligence and ethics.
Download or read book New Laws of Robotics written by Frank Pasquale and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AI is poised to disrupt our work and our lives. We can harness these technologies rather than fall captive to them—but only through wise regulation. Too many CEOs tell a simple story about the future of work: if a machine can do what you do, your job will be automated. They envision everyone from doctors to soldiers rendered superfluous by ever-more-powerful AI. They offer stark alternatives: make robots or be replaced by them. Another story is possible. In virtually every walk of life, robotic systems can make labor more valuable, not less. Frank Pasquale tells the story of nurses, teachers, designers, and others who partner with technologists, rather than meekly serving as data sources for their computerized replacements. This cooperation reveals the kind of technological advance that could bring us all better health care, education, and more, while maintaining meaningful work. These partnerships also show how law and regulation can promote prosperity for all, rather than a zero-sum race of humans against machines. How far should AI be entrusted to assume tasks once performed by humans? What is gained and lost when it does? What is the optimal mix of robotic and human interaction? New Laws of Robotics makes the case that policymakers must not allow corporations or engineers to answer these questions alone. The kind of automation we get—and who it benefits—will depend on myriad small decisions about how to develop AI. Pasquale proposes ways to democratize that decision making, rather than centralize it in unaccountable firms. Sober yet optimistic, New Laws of Robotics offers an inspiring vision of technological progress, in which human capacities and expertise are the irreplaceable center of an inclusive economy.
