Download or read book Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease written by Dr. Scott Dougherty and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-02-22 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease is a concise, yet comprehensive, clinical resource highlighting must-know information on rheumatic heart disease and acute rheumatic fever from a global perspective. Covering the major issues dominating the field, this practical resource presents sufficient detail for a deep and thorough understanding of the latest treatment options, potential complications, and disease management strategies to improve patient outcomes. - Divided into four distinct sections for ease of navigation: Acute Rheumatic Fever, Rheumatic Heart Disease, Population-Based Strategies for Disease Control, and Acute and Emergency Presentations. - International editors and chapter authors ensure a truly global perspective. - Covers all clinical aspects, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and treatment. - Includes key topics on population-based measures for disease control for effective primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. - Consolidates today's available information and guidance into a single, convenient resource.

Download or read book Inflammation in Heart Failure written by Matthijs Blankesteijn and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-12-05 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflammation in Heart Failure, edited by W. Matthijs Blankesteijn and Raffaele Altara, is the first book in a decade to provide an in-depth assessment on the causes, symptoms, progression and treatments of cardiac inflammation and related conditions. This reference uses two decades of research to introduce new methods for identifying inflammatory benchmarks from early onset to chronic heart failure and specifically emphasizes the importance of classifying at-risk subgroups within large populations while determining the patterns of cytokines in such classifications. Further, the book details clinical applications of the pathophysiological mechanisms of heart failure, diagnosis and therapeutic strategies. Inflammation in Heart Failure's breadth of subject matter, easy-to-follow structure, portability, and high-quality illustrations create an accessible benefit for researchers, clinicians and students. - Presents updated information and research on the relevant inflammatory mediators of heart failure to aid in targeting future translational research as well as the improvement of early diagnosis and treatment - Provides research into better understanding the different inflammatory mediators that signal the underlying diseases that potentially lead to heart failure - Contains 20 years of research, offering a brief overview of the topic leading to current opinions on, and treatment of, heart failure - Provides a structured, systematic and balanced overview of the role of inflammation in heart failure making it a useful resource for researchers and clinicians, as well as those studying cardiovascular diseases

Download or read book Inflammation and Atherosclerosis written by Georg Wick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-03 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been known for over 150 years that hallmarks of inflammation can be observed in the wall of atherosclerotic vessels. It was, however, not clear if this inflammation is the cause or the consequence of atherogenesis. More recently, it has become evident that inflammation mediated both by innate and adaptive immunity is instrumental even in the earliest stages of the development of atherosclerotic lesions, i.e., that it plays an important pathogenetic role. In this volume, international experts in the field discuss the pathogenetic, diagnostic, preventive and possible therapeutic relevance of inflammation in atherogenesis. This book is intended for researchers and physicians in the fields of vascular biology, immunology and atherosclerosis.

Download or read book Janeway s Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.

Download or read book Inflammation 4 Volume Set written by Jean-Marc Cavaillon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 1818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dieses Fachbuch erläutert die molekularen Grundlagen von Entzündungen, spannt den Bogen zu Infektionskrankheiten und den Zusammenhang zwischen Entzündungen und chronischen Erkrankungen, behandelt abschließend den Heilungsprozess und zeigt Therapiemöglichkeiten.

Download or read book Cells Tissues and Disease written by G. Majno and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1996-07-17 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cells, Tissues, and Disease is a highly readable introduction to the etiology, morphology, and mechanisms of disease. Chapters like "The Cell as Elementary Patient" and "How Cancer Kills" illustrate the authors' emphasis on clear, straightforward--though highly sophisticated--discussions of pathologic states. References ranging from fish markets to pate de fois gras reinforce the theme that disease can be seen in all walks of life, and serve to make the information relevant and interesting. Meticulously edited bibliographies provide both student and instructor a wealth of related sources.

Download or read book The Cardiac Inflammatory Response in Sterile and Viral Inflammation written by Cesar De Jeronimo Diaz and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NACHT, LRR and PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multimeric protein complex that initiates pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of cell death that produces a proinflammatory response via the processing and releasing IL-1ß and IL-18 via caspase-1 cleavage. The NLRP3 inflammasome is comprised of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) and pro-caspase-1. In general, NLRP3 activation induces oligomerization resulting in ASC and pro-caspase-1 recruitment to the forming inflammasome. NLRP3 inflammasome assembly initiates pro-caspase-1 activation leading to pro-IL-1ß, pro-IL-18 and gasdermin D cleavage. Notably, the NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in numerous cardiovascular diseases that include myocardial infarction (MI), myocarditis and hypertension. Various signaling motifs can activate NLRP3, which include oxidized mtDNA, K+ efflux, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and viral DNA. NLRP3 pharmacological inhibition is well-established to reduce infarct size in MI and attenuate left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis in pressure-overload injury. In addition, severe COVID-19 patients present elevated serum IL-1ß levels, which implicate the NLRP3 inflammasome in SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathophysiology. Interestingly, vitamin D supplementation is reported to attenuate inflammation in lung SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and is linked to improved outcomes in COVID-19 patients, which may be attributed to NLRP3 inhibition by the vitamin D receptor. On the contrary, NLRP3 contains numerous inflammasome independent functions that include transcriptional activity and promoting mitochondrial ROS production; however the mechanisms behind these functions are less well-characterized. We sought to investigate the NLRP3 inflammasome in numerous cardiovascular disease processes that include hypertension , SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, and MI. Study 1: We utilized NLRP3 KO and WT Dahl/SS rats to study hypertension disease progression. NLRP3 gene loss was induced in Dahl/SS rats by CRISPR mediated mutagenesis. Surprisingly, despite being fed low salt (0.12% NaCl) both WT and NLRP3 KO Dahl/SS rats developed hypertension, thus provided us an opportunity to investigate NLRP3 gene loss in salt-induced hypertension. Remarkably, we found that NLRP3 gene loss exacerbated LV hypertrophy compared to WT rats and did not attenuate cardiac fibrosis. In addition, we found that serum IL-18 levels were elevated in the NLRP3 KO vs WT group. Resident LV macrophages/monocytes were found to be polarized towards an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype in NLRP3 KO rats. To our knowledge, this is the first time NLRP3 gene loss is demonstrated to worsen hypertension-induced LV hypertrophy and systemic inflammation. Study 2: Previous research investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation in SARS-CoV-2 infected K18hACE2 mice indicates that vitamin D reduces lung inflammation by decreasing Ifnb mRNA expression. Moreover, current literature provides contradictory information on whether SARS-CoV-2 virus directly infects the K18hACE2 myocardium. We aimed to investigate whether the SARS-CoV-2 virus infects the LV and the effect of vitamin D supplementation on LV viral infection. K18hACE2 mice were intranasally infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus and sacrificed on day 6 and 14 post-infection. Mice were split into three vitamin D supplementation groups that included vitamin D deficient, vitamin D sufficient and vitamin D supplemented. We found that SARS-CoV-2 N-gene mRNA expression is not present in the LV of infected K18hACE2 mice. However, we observed that LV ACE2 protein expression was increased in SARS-CoV-2 infected mice compared to baseline. In addition, we observed no significant differences in LV CD68+ macrophages, LV H&E histology or cardiac fibrosis between infected and non-infected mice. Vitamin D supplementation was found to not provide anti-inflammatory effects to the LV in the parameters measured. Study 3: Our understanding of the temporal immune response to MI is largely based on permanent ligation rodent models, which may be due to exacerbated infarct size and inflammatory response. However, reperfusion of the ligated artery should be performed for clinical relevance. Evans Blue dye perfusion is required to visualize the infarcted and non-infarcted LV regions in ischemia-reperfusion studies, which may explain the bias towards the use of permanent ligation rodent models. Flow cytometry is extensively used to characterize immune cell dynamics due to its ability to detect various protein markers in single samples. However, Evans Blue perfusion presents a technical challenge since it produces an emission peak near 680nm when excited, which overlaps with numerous fluorophores. We sought to develop methodology to perform flow cytometry on single cell suspensions isolated from Evans Blue perfused LV from rats subjected to coronary artery ligation survival surgery. Evans Blue emission within 685nm and 735nm was observed in LV CD45+CD11b+ macrophages/monocytes isolated from Sprague Dawley and Dahl/SS rats. Interestingly, the Evans Blue emission intensity varied between both groups. We developed a flow cytometry panel for Dahl/SS rats that included CD45-APC-Cy7, CD11b-Pacific Blue, CD68-AF488 and CD206-PE to minimize Evans Blue emission interference. Using this panel we were able to identify and characterize LV CD45+CD11b+ macrophages/monocytes isolated from Evans Blue perfused hearts. In this study we demonstrate that flow cytometry on the Evans Blue perfused LV is feasible. Together, these studies provide novel insight onto an unexpected role for NLRP3 in LV hypertrophy disease progression, whether SARS-CoV-2 virus directly infects the LV and the effect of vitamin D supplementation on reducing cardiac inflammation, and methodology on performing flow cytometry on single cell suspensions isolated from Evans Blue perfused LV. These studies may be informative on identifying therapeutic targets for resistant hypertension, informing therapeutic strategies for SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, and providing technical knowledge for performing flow cytometry on Evans Blue perfused tissues.

Download or read book Inflammation and Cancer written by Bharat B. Aggarwal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines in detail the role of chronic inflammatory processes in the development of several types of cancer. Leading experts describe the latest results of molecular and cellular research on infection, cancer-related inflammation and tumorigenesis. Further, the clinical significance of these findings in preventing cancer progression and approaches to treating the diseases are discussed. Individual chapters cover cancer of the lung, colon, breast, brain, head and neck, pancreas, prostate, bladder, kidney, liver, cervix and skin as well as gastric cancer, sarcoma, lymphoma, leukemia and multiple myeloma.

Download or read book Biology of C Reactive Protein in Health and Disease written by Waliza Ansar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive study of C-reactive protein (CRP) belonging to the pentraxin family, including a brief history of CRP, its structure, synthesis and evolution. Focusing on the emerging role of CRP and its clinical application in the field of disease biology, it details the pathophysiological role of CRP in a host of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers, rheumatoid arthritis and infectious diseases and others. It also discusses the role of innate immunity and acute phase response (APR) and their key mediators in the host body in response to tissue injury, infection, trauma or surgery, immunological disorders or neoplastic growth. CRP’s significance in inflammation is highlighted, and its importance as a clinical marker in cardiovascular disease, its functional significance in Leishmania and Plasmodium infections, its association with the development of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and its role in cancer are discussed in detail. The book also includes clinical data studies and presents the latest research advances to further readers’ understanding of CRP.

Download or read book The Resolution of Inflammation written by Adriano Rossi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-17 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with an up-to-date and comprehensive view on the resolution of inflammation and on new developments in this area, including pro-resolution mediators, apoptosis, macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells, possible novel drug developments.

Download or read book Pathology and Pathogenesis of Human Viral Disease written by John E. Craighead and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-03-15 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathology and Pathogenesis of Human Viral Disease is a comprehensive reference that examines virus-induced clinical disease of humans in the context of the responsible virus and its epidemiology. Encompassing everything from cold and flu viruses to sexually transmitted diseases, this important resource describes the cellular and tissue pathological changes attributable to infection in the context of the pathogenic mechanisms involved. The author provides a comprehensive review of the older and contemporary literature, considering both the common and much rarer complications of infection. Pathology and Pathogenesis of Human Viral Disease is written from the unique perspective of the clinical pathologist. It will help clinicians and pathologists gain a better understanding of changes that occur in viral infected cells, tissues, and organs. It will also serve as a pathology source book for virologists, internists, and pediatricians. - Provides a comprehensive, worldwide perspective of viral disease pathology - Bridges the fields of pathology and virology; integrating clinical disease with cell and tissue pathology - Addresses topics from the perspective of the clinical pathologist - Illustrates unique, viral induced pathological lesions - Considers common and uncommon complications of infection

Download or read book Hematopoietic Stem Cell Biology written by Motonari Kondo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-04 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the summer of 1988, my developmental biology professor announced to the class that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) had finally been purified. Somehow, I never forgot the professor’s words. When I started working in Dr. Irv Weissman’s labo- tory at Stanford as a postdoctoral fellow, I realized that the findings mentioned by the professor were from Weissman’s laboratory and had been published in a 1988 edition of the journal Science. It has been over 20 years since the publication of that seminal paper, and since then tremendous advances in understanding the biology and maturation of HSCs, namely the process of hematopoiesis, which includes lymphocyte development, have been made. These discoveries were made possible in part by advancements in technology. For example, recent availability of user friendly fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) machines and monoclonal an- bodies with a variety of fluorescent labels has allowed more scientists to sort and analyze rare populations in the bone marrow, such as HSCs. All classes of hematopoietic cells are derived from HSCs. Stem cell biology draws enormous attention not only from scientists, but also from ordinary people because of the tremendous potential for development of new therapeutic application to diseases that currently lack any type of effective therapy. Thus, this type of “regenerative medicine” is a relatively new and attractive field in both basic science and clinical medicine.

Download or read book Coronary Microvascular Obstruction in Acute Myocardial Infarction written by Giampaolo Niccoli and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-07-07 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coronary Microvascular Obstruction in Acute Myocardial Infarction: From Mechanisms to Treatment provides a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of coronary microvascular obstruction (CMVO) that is the main limitation of reperfusion therapies in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. It provides in-depth coverage of the phenomenon of CMVO which heavily affects prognosis by increasing the risk of death and heart failure at follow-up. A first of its kind reference dedicated solely to this topic, it is appropriate for a wide audience, from researchers, to those who aid in the management, prevention and treatment of CMVO. - Provides in-depth coverage of coronary microvascular obstruction (CMVO), spanning research, management, prevention and treatment - Includes the most up-to-date information on CMVO as presented from top experts around the word - Provides access to a companion website with extra material, including tables, additional references and instructional videos - Gives extensive coverage on how to measure CMVO, including in-depth indexes that can be used to detect and quantify the phenomenon

Download or read book Damage Associated Molecular Patterns in Human Diseases written by Walter Gottlieb Land and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-09 with total page 893 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents current understanding of the importance of modern immunology in the etiopathogenesis of human diseases and explores how this understanding is impacting on diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and prophylaxis. As the core of modern immunology, the “danger/injury model” is introduced and addressed throughout the book. Volume I of the book describes the network of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) and examines the central role of DAMPs in cellular stress responses and associated regulated cell death, the promotion and resolution of inflammation, the activation of innate lymphoid cells and unconventional T cells, the stimulation of adaptive immunity, and tissue repair. The significance of DAMPs in a wide range of human diseases will then be explored in Volume II of the book, with discussion of the implications of injury-induced innate immunity for present and future treatments. This book is written for professionals from all medical and paramedical disciplines who are interested in the introduction of innovative data from immunity and inflammation research into clinical practice. The readership will include practitioners and clinicians such as hematologists, rheumatologists, traumatologists, oncologists, intensive care anesthetists, endocrinologists such as diabetologists, psychiatrists, neurologists, pharmacists, and transplantologists.

Download or read book Advances in Geroscience written by Felipe Sierra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive overview of a new scientific discipline termed Geroscience. Geroscience examines the molecular and cellular mechanisms that might explain why aging is the main risk factor for most chronic diseases affecting the elderly population. Over the past few decades, researchers have made impressive progress in understanding the genetics, biology and physiology of aging. This book presents vital research that can help readers to better understand how aging is a critical malleable risk factor in most chronic diseases, which, in turn, could lead to interventions that can help increase a healthy lifespan, or ‘healthspan.’ The book begins with an analysis of the Geroscience hypothesis, as well as the epidemiological underpinnings that define aging as a candidate main risk factor for most chronic diseases. Next, each chapter focuses on one particular disease, or group of diseases, with an emphasis on how basic molecular and cellular biology might explain why aging is a major risk factor for it. Coverage in the book includes: cancer, cardiovascular disease, dementias, stroke, Parkinson's and Alzheimer’s diseases, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes asthma, emphysema, kidney disease, vision impairment, and AIDS/HIV. It finishes with a chapter on pain in the elderly and an overview of future steps needed to bring the newly acquired knowledge into the clinic and the public at large.

Download or read book Regulation of Endothelial Barrier Function written by Sarah Y. Yuan and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vascular endothelium lining the inner surface of blood vessels serves as the first interface for circulating blood components to interact with cells of the vascular wall and surrounding extravascular tissues. In addition to regulating blood delivery and perfusion, a major function of vascular endothelia, especially those in exchange microvessels (capillaries and postcapillary venules), is to provide a semipermeable barrier that controls blood–tissue exchange of fluids, nutrients, and metabolic wastes while preventing pathogens or harmful materials in the circulation from entering into tissues. During host defense against infection or tissue injury, endothelial barrier dysfunction occurs as a consequence as well as cause of inflammatory responses. Plasma leakage disturbs fluid homeostasis and impairs tissue oxygenation, a pathophysiological process contributing to multiple organ dysfunction associated with trauma, infection, metabolic disorder, and other forms of disease. In this book, we provide an updated overview of microvascular endothelial barrier structure and function in health and disease. The discussion is initiated with the basic physiological principles of fluid and solute transport across microvascular endothelium, followed by detailed information on endothelial cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions and the experimental techniques that are employed to measure endothelial permeability. Further discussion focuses on the signaling and molecular mechanisms of endothelial barrier responses to various stimulations or drugs, as well as their relevance to several common clinical conditions. Taken together, this book provides a comprehensive analysis of microvascular endothelial cell and molecular pathophysiology. Such information will assist scientists and clinicians in advanced basic and clinical research for improved health care.

Download or read book Colitis Associated Cancer written by Masato Kusunoki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the number of patients with colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is on the increase, the purpose of this book is to review the latest topics concerning management of the disease. In recent years, the diagnostic power of endoscopy and molecular pathology has also grown tremendously, as a result of which they now have a far greater influence on the treatment of CAC. At the moment, appropriate monitoring programs for ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease remain uncertain. At the same time, the latest findings on DNA methylation and microRNAs hold the promise of making revolutionary changes in these areas. Moreover, recent drug advances in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases have changed surgical indications. On the other hand, the indication of mucosectomy on colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis and prophylactic abdominoperineal resection for Crohn’s disease remain controversial. This book provides the latest information on the remaining issues of CAC from the point of view of expert surgeons.